CogSci 115 Midterm exam with complete solutions 2024

CogSci 115 Midterm exam with complete
h h h h h


solutions 2024
h h




reasons hto happly hneuroscience hto hthe hstudy hof hhappiness h- hANSWER✓✓--
hcontrol hfor hbiases hand hother hproblems h(happiness his hsubjective)
- hdiscover hunderlying hneural hmechanism hof hmood hstates
- hprovide hmeans hof hevaluating htreatment htechniques
- hprovide hevidence hthat hmind hchanges h--> hbrain hchanges h(growth hmindset)

growth hmindset h- hANSWER✓✓-- hpeople hlearn hthat htheir hmost hbasic habilities
hcan hbe hdeveloped hthrough hdedication hand hhard hwork
- hcreates hlove hof hlearning hand hresilience hthat his hessential

programs hto hdevelop hgrowth hmindset hare hmost hbeneficial hin hstudents hwith
h__________________ h- hANSWER✓✓-low hsocioeconomic hstatus hor hwho hare
hacademically hat hrisk


_____________(low hincome/high hincome) hstudents hare hless hlikely hto hhold ha
hgrowth hmindset h- hANSWER✓✓-low hincome


_________(low hincome/high hincome) hstudents hwho hexhibit ha hgrowth hmindset
hmay hperform hbetter hthan h_________________(low hincome/high hincome)
hstudents hwith ha hfixed hmindset h- hANSWER✓✓-low hincome, hhigh hincome


self-directed hneuroplasticity h- hANSWER✓✓-- hall hmental hactivity hcreates hnew
hneural hstructures
- hevery hthought hleaves han himprint
- hrepeatedly hdoing hsmall hthings hinside hyour hmid hover htime hwill hlead hto
hbigger hchanges hin hyour hbrain hand hyour hexperience hof hliving


happiness hand h________ hhas hone hof hthe hstrongest hcorrelations h-
hANSWER✓✓-social hsupport


the hgreatest hpredictor hof hhappiness hin hcollege hstudents hduring hperiods hof
hhigh hstress his h___________ h- hANSWER✓✓-social hsupport


how hmany hpounds his hyour hbrain? h- hANSWER✓✓-3 hlbs

,how hmany hneurons hdoes hthe hbrain hcontain? h- hANSWER✓✓-86 hbillion
hneurons


how hmany hsynaptic hconnections hdoes hthe haverage hneuron hmake hto hother
hneurons? h- hANSWER✓✓-1000 h- hbut hranges hfrom ha hhandful hup hto h200,000
hin hPurkinje hcells


what hpercent hof hthe hbody's hoxygen hand hglucose his hused hby hthe hbrain? h-
hANSWER✓✓-20%


T/F: hyour hbrain huses hup hto h10x hmore henergy hwhen hyou're hthinking hhard,
hrather hthan hin ha hdeep hsleep. h- hANSWER✓✓-False


levels hof horganization hof hnervous hsystem:
cell: h___________
tissue: h____________
organ: h____________
system: h____________ h- hANSWER✓✓-- hindividual hneurons
- hnerves, hganglia
- hbrain hand hspinal hcord
- hnervous hsystem

Cell hbody h- hANSWER✓✓-the hcell's hlife hsupport hcenter

Dendrites h- hANSWER✓✓-receive hmessages hfrom hother hcells

Axon h- hANSWER✓✓-passes hmessages haway hfrom hthe hcell hbody hto hother
hneurons, hmuscles, hor hglands


neural himpulse h(action hpotential) h- hANSWER✓✓-electrical hsignal htraveling
hdown hthe haxon


myelin hsheath h- hANSWER✓✓-covers hthe haxon hof hsome hneurons hand hhelps
hspeed hneural himpulses


terminal hbranches hof haxon h- hANSWER✓✓-form hjunctions hwith hother hcells

terminal hbutton h- hANSWER✓✓-bud hat hthe hend hof han haxon; hforms hsynapses
hwith hother hneurons; hsends hinformation hto hother hneurons hvia
hneurotransmitters


Study hon h3-5 hyear hold hchildren hwith hhigher huse hof hscreen-based hmedia hhad
h____________(higher/lower) hmeasures hof hstructural hintegrity hand hmyelination
hand hscored h_____________(higher/lower) h- hANSWER✓✓-lower, hlower

, axons hhave htwo hbasic helectrical hpotentials h- hANSWER✓✓--resting hmembrane
hpotential
-action hpotential

resting hmembrane hpotential h- hANSWER✓✓-- hextracellular hfluid: hrich hin hNa+
hand hCl-
- hintracellular hfluid: hrich hin hK+
- hbanana(potassium) hin hthe hocean(NaCl)

T/F: hAction hpotential hof ha hgiven hneuron his han hall hor hnone hphenomenon h-
hANSWER✓✓-True


How his han haction hpotential hdetermined? h(yes hor hno) h- hANSWER✓✓-
excitatory hvs hinhibitory hfighting hover hwho his hgoing hto hwin hto hdetermine hif
hthe haction hpotential hwill hfire


Synapse h- hANSWER✓✓-a hjunction hbetween hthe hterminal hbutton hof han haxon
hand hthe hmembrane h(usually hsomatic hor hdendritic hmembrane) hof hanother
hneuron


chemical htransmission hat hthe hsynapse h- hANSWER✓✓--action hpotential
hreaches hterminal hbuttons
-triggers hrelease hof hneurotransmitters
-flood hinto hsynapse
-can hbe hreceived hby hreceptors h(dendrites) hof hother hneuron, hwashed haway,
hor hdrawn hback hinto hterminal hbuttons hvia hreuptake


Reuptake h- hANSWER✓✓-transporters hlocated hin hthe hpresynaptic hmembrane
htransport hthe hmolecules hof hneurotransmitter hback hinto hthe hcytoplasm h(most
hcommon)


How hdo hSSRIs hwork? h- hANSWER✓✓-SSRIs hblock hthe hreuptake hof hserotonin,
hmaking hmore hof hit havailable hat hthe hsynaptic hgap hand hincreasing
hserotonergic henergy


Enzymatic hdeactivation h- hANSWER✓✓-destruction hof ha hneurotransmitter hby
han henzyme hafter hits hrelease


neurogenesis h- hANSWER✓✓-production hof hnew hneurons

adult hbrain hcontains hstem hcells hthat hcan hdivide hand hproduce hnew hneurons
hprimarily hin hthe h_______( h), h________( h), h_________( h) hand hperhaps hin hthe
h___________. h- hANSWER✓✓-- hhippocampus h(memory)
- holfactory hbulb h(smell, hmotherly hattachment)
- hamygdala h(emotions)
- hcerebellum