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Ali is aware of his feelings, emotions, and thoughts. He is also aware of his surroundings, the warmth of
the sun, and the sound of nearby traffic. Ali is in a state of ________. - ANSWER consciousness
Bev likes to be up late at night and sleep in; Caleb likes to wake up with the sun and go to bed early. A
psychologist would say they have different ________. - ANSWER chronotypes
Most people are awake during the day and asleep at night because their ________ cycles are aligned
with the outside world - ANSWER circadian
Victoria has accumulated a large sleep debt. This means that she ________. - ANSWER suffers from
chronic sleep deprivation
Melatonin release from the pineal gland is stimulated by ________ and inhibited by ________. -
ANSWER darkness; light
What occurs during stage 1 sleep? - ANSWER Both our respiration and heartbeat slow down.
Stage 1 sleep is characterized by a predominance of ________ wave activity in the brain. - ANSWER
alpha
What stage of sleep are you most likely experiencing if an EEG of your brain activity showed sleep
spindles and K-complexes? - ANSWER 2
, Mohammed is sleeping. His eyelids are quivering because his eyes are darting around. Mohammed is
probably experiencing ________ sleep. - ANSWER REM
Marlowe wakes up from a dream about his teeth falling out. He looks in a dream dictionary and finds
losing teeth is usually dream symbolism for anxiety. Marlowe is focused on the ________ content. -
ANSWER latent
Which researcher believed that dreams simply reflect life events that are important to the dreamer? -
ANSWER Rosalind Cartwright
Obstructive sleep apnea occurs when ________. - ANSWER An individual's airway becomes blocked
during sleep
Which of the following is a symptom of REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD)? - ANSWER kicking and
punching while asleep
Cataplexy is a symptom associated with ________. - ANSWER narcolepsy
Alcohol is considered a ________ because it tends to suppress central nervous system activity. - ANSWER
depressant
Tariq depends on cigarettes to relieve his stress, though he smokes so frequently that he experiences no
significant, noticeable physical symptoms when he is not smoking. What does this exemplify? - ANSWER
psychological dependence
Cocaine is considered a ________ drug because it tends to increase overall levels of neural activity. -
ANSWER stimulant
Mescaline is considered a(n) ________ drug because it results in profound alterations in sensory and
perceptual experiences. - ANSWER hallucinogenic
Why can amphetamines be used to treat ADHD in children? - ANSWER They decrease neurotransmitter
activity within certain areas of the brain associated with hyperactivity.