NURS 130 - Exam 1 Study Questions and
Answers Graded A 2024
how do infections occur? - Correct Ans-when germs enter the body, increase in number,
and cause a reaction in the body
three things necessary for an infection to occur - Correct Ans-source --> susceptible
host --> transmission
source - Correct Ans-infectious agent or germ and refers to a virus, bacteria, or other
microbe. (germs) live (ex. sinks, surfaces, human skin"
transmission - Correct Ans-a way germs are moved to the susceptible person
who are a source of germs? - Correct Ans-patients, healthcare workers,
visitors/household members
examples of environmental sources of germs - Correct Ans-Dry surfaces in patient care
areas (ex. Bed rails, medical equipment, countertops, tables)
Wet surfaces, moist environments, biofilms (ex. Cooling towels, faucets, sinks,
ventilators)
Indwelling medical devices (catheters, IV lines)
Dust or decaying debris (construction dust or wet materials from water leaks)
who is susceotible? - Correct Ans-someone who is not vaccinated or otherwise immune,
or a person with weakened immune system who has a way for the germs to enter the
body (IV's, catheters, surgical incisions all provide an entry way)
patients with underlying conditions
certain medications to treat conditions (steroids, antibiotics)
lifesaving medical procedures used in healthcare such as catheters, tubes, and surgery
increase risk of infection by providing additional entryways
transmission of germs .. - Correct Ans-germs dont move themselves; they depend on
people, the environment, and equipment/surfaces
examples of how germs are moved - Correct Ans-touch; (healthcare provider hands
become contaminated by touching germs present on medical equipment or high touch
surfaces and then carry the germs on their hands and spread to a susceptible person
when proper hand hygiene is not performed before touching the susceptible person)
, sprays and splashes; (occur when an infected person coughs or sneezes, creating
droplets which carry germs short distances (within approximately 6 feet). These germs
can land on a susceptible person's eyes, nose, or mouth and can cause infection
(example: pertussis or meningitis)
inhalation; (occurs when germs are aerosolized in tiny particles that survive on air
currents over great distances and time and reach a susceptible person. Airborne
transmission can occur when infected patients cough, talk, or sneeze germs into the air
(example: TB or measles), or when germs are aerosolized by medical equipment or by
dust from a construction zone (example: Nontuberculous mycobacteria or aspergillus).
sharp injuries; (can lead to infections (example: HIV, HBV, HCV) when bloodborne
pathogens enter a person through a skin puncture by a used needle or sharp
instrument.)
how can you protect yourself? - Correct Ans-hand washing 20 seconds, hand sanitizer
60% alcohol, avoid eyes/nose/mouth with hands
standard precautions - Correct Ans-PPE: personal protective equipment
1. contact precautions
2. droplet precautions
3. airborne precautions
airborne virus - Correct Ans-*most infectious type
- TB is airborne
Ex. piece of dust
contact - Correct Ans-*hardest to pass on
Ex. Mercia
Florence Nightingale - Correct Ans-(1820-1910)
◦Improved standards of care for war casualties
◦Nursing's first scientist-theorist, nurse researcher
◦Notes on Nursing: What It Is, and What It Is Not
◦Nightingale Training School for Nurses
Barton - Correct Ans-◦(1821-1912)
◦Volunteer nurse in American Civil War
◦Establishment of American Red Cross
Richards - Correct Ans-◦(1841-1930)
◦America's first trained nurse
◦Initiated practice of wearing uniforms
Mahoney - Correct Ans-(1845-1926)
◦First African American professional nurse
Answers Graded A 2024
how do infections occur? - Correct Ans-when germs enter the body, increase in number,
and cause a reaction in the body
three things necessary for an infection to occur - Correct Ans-source --> susceptible
host --> transmission
source - Correct Ans-infectious agent or germ and refers to a virus, bacteria, or other
microbe. (germs) live (ex. sinks, surfaces, human skin"
transmission - Correct Ans-a way germs are moved to the susceptible person
who are a source of germs? - Correct Ans-patients, healthcare workers,
visitors/household members
examples of environmental sources of germs - Correct Ans-Dry surfaces in patient care
areas (ex. Bed rails, medical equipment, countertops, tables)
Wet surfaces, moist environments, biofilms (ex. Cooling towels, faucets, sinks,
ventilators)
Indwelling medical devices (catheters, IV lines)
Dust or decaying debris (construction dust or wet materials from water leaks)
who is susceotible? - Correct Ans-someone who is not vaccinated or otherwise immune,
or a person with weakened immune system who has a way for the germs to enter the
body (IV's, catheters, surgical incisions all provide an entry way)
patients with underlying conditions
certain medications to treat conditions (steroids, antibiotics)
lifesaving medical procedures used in healthcare such as catheters, tubes, and surgery
increase risk of infection by providing additional entryways
transmission of germs .. - Correct Ans-germs dont move themselves; they depend on
people, the environment, and equipment/surfaces
examples of how germs are moved - Correct Ans-touch; (healthcare provider hands
become contaminated by touching germs present on medical equipment or high touch
surfaces and then carry the germs on their hands and spread to a susceptible person
when proper hand hygiene is not performed before touching the susceptible person)
, sprays and splashes; (occur when an infected person coughs or sneezes, creating
droplets which carry germs short distances (within approximately 6 feet). These germs
can land on a susceptible person's eyes, nose, or mouth and can cause infection
(example: pertussis or meningitis)
inhalation; (occurs when germs are aerosolized in tiny particles that survive on air
currents over great distances and time and reach a susceptible person. Airborne
transmission can occur when infected patients cough, talk, or sneeze germs into the air
(example: TB or measles), or when germs are aerosolized by medical equipment or by
dust from a construction zone (example: Nontuberculous mycobacteria or aspergillus).
sharp injuries; (can lead to infections (example: HIV, HBV, HCV) when bloodborne
pathogens enter a person through a skin puncture by a used needle or sharp
instrument.)
how can you protect yourself? - Correct Ans-hand washing 20 seconds, hand sanitizer
60% alcohol, avoid eyes/nose/mouth with hands
standard precautions - Correct Ans-PPE: personal protective equipment
1. contact precautions
2. droplet precautions
3. airborne precautions
airborne virus - Correct Ans-*most infectious type
- TB is airborne
Ex. piece of dust
contact - Correct Ans-*hardest to pass on
Ex. Mercia
Florence Nightingale - Correct Ans-(1820-1910)
◦Improved standards of care for war casualties
◦Nursing's first scientist-theorist, nurse researcher
◦Notes on Nursing: What It Is, and What It Is Not
◦Nightingale Training School for Nurses
Barton - Correct Ans-◦(1821-1912)
◦Volunteer nurse in American Civil War
◦Establishment of American Red Cross
Richards - Correct Ans-◦(1841-1930)
◦America's first trained nurse
◦Initiated practice of wearing uniforms
Mahoney - Correct Ans-(1845-1926)
◦First African American professional nurse
