NUR 152 Final Exam Questions And Verified
Detailed Answers
Primary intention - ANSWER surgical incision heals by approximation closed - ANSWER
in primary intention, The skin edges are ____ or ______, and the risk of infection is low.
Healing occurs quickly with minimal scar formation as long as infection and secondary
breakdown are prevented.
24 hrs - ANSWER In Partial-Thickness Wound Repair, Tissue trauma initiates the
inflammatory response which is manifested by redness and swelling of the area with a
moderate amount of serous exudate. This response is generally limited to the first ___
after wounding.
hemostasis - ANSWER During _____ injured blood vessels constrict, and platelets gather
to stop bleeding
3 to 24 days - ANSWER In this Proliferative Phase, the major events of this phase include
filling of the wound with granulation tissue, contraction of the wound, and resurfacing of
the wound through epithelialization
As the process of reconstruction advances with the appearance of new blood vessels,
the proliferative phase which extends from ____ to ____ ____, commences.
impairment of healing in this stage usually arises from systemic factors which include
age, anemia, hypoproteinemia, and zinc deficiency.
more than a year - ANSWER Maturation, the final stage of healing, sometimes takes
place for ____ _____ _____ ______, depending on the depth and extent of the wound.
asepsis - ANSWER Absence of germs or microorganisms.
,asepsis technique - ANSWER Any health care procedure in which added precautions
are used to prevent contamination of a person, object, or area by microorganisms.
denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance - ANSWER What are the 5 stages of
grief?
6 months - ANSWER Complicated grief takes longer than ____ ____
anticholinergics - ANSWER relax and enlarge (dilate) the airways in the lungs, making
breathing easier
They may protect the airways from spasms that can suddenly cause the airway to
become narrower. They also may reduce the amount of mucus produced by the airways.
these drugs inhibit gastric acid secretion and depress gastrointestinal Although useful
in treating hyperactive bowel disorders, anticholinergics cause constipation.
dementia - ANSWER onset - Insidious/slow and often unrecognized
delirium - ANSWER course - Brief, daily ups and downs of symptoms; worse at night, in
the dark, and upon wakening
delirium - ANSWER Consciousness - Decreased/altered
dementia - ANSWER Attention - Typically intact
delirium - ANSWER Orientation - Generally disrupted; severity varys
dementia - ANSWER Orientation - Generally intact to self but often impaired to place and
time
dementia - ANSWER memory - Recent and remote impaired
delirium-ANS Recent and immediate impaired; forgetful; many need instructions for
simple tasks one step at a time
,delirium-ANS Thinking - Disorganized, distorted, fragmented, illogical; incoherent
speech, either slow or accelerated
dementia - ANS thinking - Difficulty with abstraction; thoughts diminished; judgment
impaired; words difficult to find
delirium-ANS Physiological causes include electrolyte imbalances; cerebral anoxia;
hypoglycemia; medication effects; tumors; subdural hematomas; and cerebrovascular
infection, infarction, or hemorrhage.
delirium - ANSWER in older adults sometimes accompanies systemic infections and is
often the presenting symptom for pneumonia or urinary tract infection. Sometimes it is
also caused by environmental factors such as sensory deprivation or unfamiliar
surroundings or psychosocial factors such as emotional distress or pain. Sleep
deprivation is another possible reason
medical emergency-ANSWER The presence of delirium is a ____ _____ and requires
prompt assessment and intervention. Nurses are at the bedside 24/7 and in a position to
recognize delirium development and report it. The cognitive impairment usually
reverses once health care providers identify and treat the cause of delirium.
high
low - ANSWER diffusion is passive movement of electrolytes or other particles down the
concentration gradient (from areas of _____ to areas of _____ concentration)
Hypertonic - ANSWER any solution with a higher salt concentration than normal body
cells so that the water is drawn out of the cells by osmosis; any solution with a higher
osmotic pressure than another solution
Hypotonic - ANSWER any solution with less salt concentration than that of a normal
body cell so that water flows into the cells by osmosis; any solution with less osmotic
pressure than another solution
isotonic - ANSWER Condition in which two solutions have the same concentration of
solute; hence both solutions exert equal osmotic pressure.
osmosis - ANSWER The movement of a pure solvent through a semipermeable
, membrane from a solution with a lower solute concentration to one with a higher solute
concentration.
hypovolemia and decreased urine output. - ANSWER A patient that has significant third
spacing will have a high urine specific gravity.
Third spacing has the potential to cause what two negatives?
hypovolemia - ANSWER s/s of _______ =
tachycardia
decreased blood pressure
faintness
blacking out
decreased urine output
rapid breathing
confusion
hypervolemia - ANSWER Signs and symptoms of _______ are not always the same in
each case, and may vary, however some possibilities include:
Ascites (fluid accumulation in the abdomen)
Crackles on auscultation
Edema (swelling) - especially hands, feet, and ankles
Dyspnea when lying down
Hypertension
Aggravated cough
Jugular vein distension
Dyspnea
Bounding, tachycardic pulse
Detailed Answers
Primary intention - ANSWER surgical incision heals by approximation closed - ANSWER
in primary intention, The skin edges are ____ or ______, and the risk of infection is low.
Healing occurs quickly with minimal scar formation as long as infection and secondary
breakdown are prevented.
24 hrs - ANSWER In Partial-Thickness Wound Repair, Tissue trauma initiates the
inflammatory response which is manifested by redness and swelling of the area with a
moderate amount of serous exudate. This response is generally limited to the first ___
after wounding.
hemostasis - ANSWER During _____ injured blood vessels constrict, and platelets gather
to stop bleeding
3 to 24 days - ANSWER In this Proliferative Phase, the major events of this phase include
filling of the wound with granulation tissue, contraction of the wound, and resurfacing of
the wound through epithelialization
As the process of reconstruction advances with the appearance of new blood vessels,
the proliferative phase which extends from ____ to ____ ____, commences.
impairment of healing in this stage usually arises from systemic factors which include
age, anemia, hypoproteinemia, and zinc deficiency.
more than a year - ANSWER Maturation, the final stage of healing, sometimes takes
place for ____ _____ _____ ______, depending on the depth and extent of the wound.
asepsis - ANSWER Absence of germs or microorganisms.
,asepsis technique - ANSWER Any health care procedure in which added precautions
are used to prevent contamination of a person, object, or area by microorganisms.
denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance - ANSWER What are the 5 stages of
grief?
6 months - ANSWER Complicated grief takes longer than ____ ____
anticholinergics - ANSWER relax and enlarge (dilate) the airways in the lungs, making
breathing easier
They may protect the airways from spasms that can suddenly cause the airway to
become narrower. They also may reduce the amount of mucus produced by the airways.
these drugs inhibit gastric acid secretion and depress gastrointestinal Although useful
in treating hyperactive bowel disorders, anticholinergics cause constipation.
dementia - ANSWER onset - Insidious/slow and often unrecognized
delirium - ANSWER course - Brief, daily ups and downs of symptoms; worse at night, in
the dark, and upon wakening
delirium - ANSWER Consciousness - Decreased/altered
dementia - ANSWER Attention - Typically intact
delirium - ANSWER Orientation - Generally disrupted; severity varys
dementia - ANSWER Orientation - Generally intact to self but often impaired to place and
time
dementia - ANSWER memory - Recent and remote impaired
delirium-ANS Recent and immediate impaired; forgetful; many need instructions for
simple tasks one step at a time
,delirium-ANS Thinking - Disorganized, distorted, fragmented, illogical; incoherent
speech, either slow or accelerated
dementia - ANS thinking - Difficulty with abstraction; thoughts diminished; judgment
impaired; words difficult to find
delirium-ANS Physiological causes include electrolyte imbalances; cerebral anoxia;
hypoglycemia; medication effects; tumors; subdural hematomas; and cerebrovascular
infection, infarction, or hemorrhage.
delirium - ANSWER in older adults sometimes accompanies systemic infections and is
often the presenting symptom for pneumonia or urinary tract infection. Sometimes it is
also caused by environmental factors such as sensory deprivation or unfamiliar
surroundings or psychosocial factors such as emotional distress or pain. Sleep
deprivation is another possible reason
medical emergency-ANSWER The presence of delirium is a ____ _____ and requires
prompt assessment and intervention. Nurses are at the bedside 24/7 and in a position to
recognize delirium development and report it. The cognitive impairment usually
reverses once health care providers identify and treat the cause of delirium.
high
low - ANSWER diffusion is passive movement of electrolytes or other particles down the
concentration gradient (from areas of _____ to areas of _____ concentration)
Hypertonic - ANSWER any solution with a higher salt concentration than normal body
cells so that the water is drawn out of the cells by osmosis; any solution with a higher
osmotic pressure than another solution
Hypotonic - ANSWER any solution with less salt concentration than that of a normal
body cell so that water flows into the cells by osmosis; any solution with less osmotic
pressure than another solution
isotonic - ANSWER Condition in which two solutions have the same concentration of
solute; hence both solutions exert equal osmotic pressure.
osmosis - ANSWER The movement of a pure solvent through a semipermeable
, membrane from a solution with a lower solute concentration to one with a higher solute
concentration.
hypovolemia and decreased urine output. - ANSWER A patient that has significant third
spacing will have a high urine specific gravity.
Third spacing has the potential to cause what two negatives?
hypovolemia - ANSWER s/s of _______ =
tachycardia
decreased blood pressure
faintness
blacking out
decreased urine output
rapid breathing
confusion
hypervolemia - ANSWER Signs and symptoms of _______ are not always the same in
each case, and may vary, however some possibilities include:
Ascites (fluid accumulation in the abdomen)
Crackles on auscultation
Edema (swelling) - especially hands, feet, and ankles
Dyspnea when lying down
Hypertension
Aggravated cough
Jugular vein distension
Dyspnea
Bounding, tachycardic pulse
