DNA Purification and Recombinant DNA Technology Exam Questions and Answers Already Passed
Cell Lysis - Answers Method to break down cell membrane to release intercellular materials like DNA,
RNA, and proteins
Lysate - Answers Preparation obtained after lysing a cell population
High Pressure Homogenizer (HPH) - Answers Uses high pressure to force material through a narrow
outlet, applying strong shear forces
Bead Mill - Answers Disrupts cells by agitating tiny beads made of glass, steel, or ceramic at high speeds
Thermolysis - Answers Involves repeated freeze/thaw cycles of cells to disrupt cell membranes
Detergent Lysis - Answers Utilizes surfactants to break hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions of the
cell membrane
Proteinase K - Answers Degrades everything except DNA/RNA in DNA isolation
Phenol-chloroform extraction - Answers Method using alcohols and chloroform to break down proteins
in lysate
Plasmid DNA - Answers Small, circular, double-stranded DNA separate from chromosomal DNA in
prokaryotes and archaea
Miniprep - Answers Method combining alkaline lysis and column chromatography for plasmid isolation
Agarose Gel Electrophoresis - Answers Method to estimate DNA size, analyze PCR products, and purify
DNA
Ethidium Bromide - Answers Common stain that intercalates DNA, used for visualization
DNA Ladder - Answers Standard markers used to determine DNA fragment sizes on a gel
SDS-PAGE - Answers Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis used for protein analysis and small DNA
fragments
Resolution - Answers Electrophoresis resolution measures how well a system can separate molecules of
similar size. Determined by running voltage and agarose concentration.
BACE Q - Answers To achieve the best resolution of PCR products ranging from 200-400bp on an agarose
gel, use a higher percentage of agarose and a higher running voltage.
DNA Quantification - Answers Purity of DNA sample tested with a spectrophotometer. A 260 nm reading
of 0.51 au and a 280 nm reading of 0.65 au. Purity range is 1.8-2.0.
Recombinant DNA Technology - Answers Involves combining DNA sequences not naturally found
together to study genes on a controllable scale and insert DNA into various organisms.
Cell Lysis - Answers Method to break down cell membrane to release intercellular materials like DNA,
RNA, and proteins
Lysate - Answers Preparation obtained after lysing a cell population
High Pressure Homogenizer (HPH) - Answers Uses high pressure to force material through a narrow
outlet, applying strong shear forces
Bead Mill - Answers Disrupts cells by agitating tiny beads made of glass, steel, or ceramic at high speeds
Thermolysis - Answers Involves repeated freeze/thaw cycles of cells to disrupt cell membranes
Detergent Lysis - Answers Utilizes surfactants to break hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions of the
cell membrane
Proteinase K - Answers Degrades everything except DNA/RNA in DNA isolation
Phenol-chloroform extraction - Answers Method using alcohols and chloroform to break down proteins
in lysate
Plasmid DNA - Answers Small, circular, double-stranded DNA separate from chromosomal DNA in
prokaryotes and archaea
Miniprep - Answers Method combining alkaline lysis and column chromatography for plasmid isolation
Agarose Gel Electrophoresis - Answers Method to estimate DNA size, analyze PCR products, and purify
DNA
Ethidium Bromide - Answers Common stain that intercalates DNA, used for visualization
DNA Ladder - Answers Standard markers used to determine DNA fragment sizes on a gel
SDS-PAGE - Answers Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis used for protein analysis and small DNA
fragments
Resolution - Answers Electrophoresis resolution measures how well a system can separate molecules of
similar size. Determined by running voltage and agarose concentration.
BACE Q - Answers To achieve the best resolution of PCR products ranging from 200-400bp on an agarose
gel, use a higher percentage of agarose and a higher running voltage.
DNA Quantification - Answers Purity of DNA sample tested with a spectrophotometer. A 260 nm reading
of 0.51 au and a 280 nm reading of 0.65 au. Purity range is 1.8-2.0.
Recombinant DNA Technology - Answers Involves combining DNA sequences not naturally found
together to study genes on a controllable scale and insert DNA into various organisms.
