NP1 - Exam 3: Study Guide

What is Maslow's physiologic needs? - oxygen - water - food - elimination - temperature - sexuality - physical activity - rest what is Maslow's safety needs? - have both physical and emotional components - feeling and being safe from harm from family members, strangers, or occupational hazards - being protected from potential or actual harm what is Maslow's love and belonging needs? - understanding and acceptance of other in both giving and receiving love - the feeling of belonging to groups such as families, peers, friends, a neighborhood, and a community - unmet needs produce loneliness and isolation what is Maslow's self-esteem needs? - need for a person to feel good about oneself, to feel pride and a sense of accomplishment, and to believe that others also respect and appreciate those accomplishments - facilitates the person's confidence and independence what is Maslow's self actualization needs? - acceptance of self and other as they are - focus of interest on problems outside oneself - ability to be objective - feelings of happiness and affection for others - respect for all people - ability to discriminate between good and evil - creativity as a guideline for solving problems and pursuing interests what are goals when teaching a patient about health care? - high level wellness and related self care practices - quick recovery from trauma or illness with minimal or no complications - disease prevention or early detection - enhanced ability to adjust to developmental life changes and acute, chronic, and terminal illness - patient and family acceptance of lifestyle necessitated by illness or disability what is the cognitive learning domain? storing and recalling of new knowledge in the brain what are examples of cognitive learning domain? - lecture - panel - discovery - written materials what is the psychomotor learning domain? learning a physical skill what are examples of psychomotor learning domain? - demonstration - discovery - printed materials what is the affective learning domain? changing attitudes, values, and feelings what are examples of affective learning domain? - role modeling - discussion - audiovisual materials what are the steps to teaching? - assess the patient's baseline knowledge and understanding of activity - set mutual goals for understanding the activity - teach the activity - evaluate the outcomes of the patient's knowledge and understanding of the activity what is primary prevention? directed toward promoting health and preventing the development of disease processes or injury what are examples of primary prevention? - immunization clincs - family planning services - poison control information - accident prevention education what is secondary prevention? focus on screening for early detection of disease with prompt diagnosis and treatment of any found what are examples of secondary prevention? - assessing children for normal growth and development - encouraging regular medical, dental, and vision examinations what is tertiary prevention? begins after an illness is diagnosed and treated, with the goal of reducing disability and helping rehabilitate patients to a maximum level of functioning what are examples of tertiary prevention? - teaching a patient with diabetes how to recgonize and prevent complications using physical therapy to prevent contractures in a patient who has had a stroke or spinal cord injury - referring a woman to a support group after removal of a breast because of cancer how are ways to test proper placements of NG tube? - measurement of the tubing - pH check for acidity - visualize gastric content - X-Ray what is the BEST way to check for proper placement of the NG tube? X-Ray How do we insert an NG tube? (detailed instructions on study guide) - Assess gag reflex + pulse OX + vital signs - measure tube from tip of nose to earlobe and then to xiphoid process - insert tube into one nostril into back of throat - then have pt tilt head slightly forward and take sips of water as you advance the tube - verify placement of the tube what position should a patient be in during an NG tube feeding? High Fowlers how many mLs should we flush into an NG tube before feeding? 30 - 60 mL what are the steps to an NG tube feeding after the tube is flushed? - attach syringe without the plunger to feeding tube - add formula to syringe - let feeding run by gravity - flush tube with 30-60mL when feeding is complete What should we do before giving anything in an NG tube? - check for bowel sounds - check that stomach secretions are present and pH is less than 5.5 - Intermittent suctioning of the NG tube What color should a stoma be? beefy red or pink what are the steps to ostomy care? - assess color and size - assess surrounding skin - assess stoma output - empty out pouch and remove old pouch - remove any traces of stool from skin - measures the stoma and trace size onto new stoma wafer - cut to fit stoma - align on stoma and remove film + adhere to skin - attach new bag what are types of torts? - unintentional torts - intentional torts - quasi - intentional torts what are examples of unintentional torts? - negligence - malpractice - standard of proof what are examples of intentional torts? - assault - battery - false imprisonment what are examples of quasi-intentional torts? invasion of privacy, defamation of character What are torts? wrongful acts or omissions for which an injured party can take legal action against the wrongdoer for monetary damages What is breach of duty? - failure to meet the standard of care - when a nurse did not carry out duty of care for patient - when a patient does not receive proper care due to negligence of nurse what is the criteria for hospice? - patient has a certified terminal illness and less than six months to live - patient has declining functional status - patient has symptoms of death what are the goals for hospice? - caring for patient as a whole person - caring patient's physical, emotional, social, and spiritual needs what are the signs and symptoms of death? - difficulty talking or swallowing - nausea, flatus, abdominal distention - urinary and/or bowel incontinence or constipation - loss of movement, sensation, and reflexes - decreasing body temperature, with cold or clammy skin - weak, slow, or irregular pulse - decreasing blood pressure - noisy, irregular, or cheyne-stokes respirations - restlessness and/or agitation - cooling, mottling, and cyanosis of the extremities and dependent areas what is actual loss? can be recognized by others what are examples of actual loss? loss of limb, person, job what is perceived loss? felt by a person but intangible to others what are examples of perceived loss? - loss of youth - loss of financial what is maturational loss? experienced as a result of natural developmental process what are examples of maturational loss? sibling loses "status" when younger sibling is born what is situational loss? experienced as a result of an unpredictable event what are examples of situational loss? - injury - disaster what is anticipatory loss? loss has not yet taken place what is care for the body for post mortem care? - prepare the body for discharge - place the body in anatomic position - replace dressings - remove tubes (unless there is an autopsy scheduled) - wash the body per hospital protocol or family cultural beliefs - place identification tags on the body and prostheses