©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
12/3/2024 11:27AM
Macromolecule Exam Study Guide.
Peptide - answer✔Short chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds
peptide bond - answer✔The chemical bond that forms between the carboxyl group of one amino
acid and the amino group of another amino acid, covalent bonds
Protein - answer✔An organic compound that is made of one or more chains of amino acids and
that is a principal component of all cells
amino acids - answer✔a simple organic compound containing both a carboxyl (—COOH) and an
amino (—NH2) group, building blocks of protein.
Enzyme - answer✔a substance produced by a living organism that acts as a catalyst to bring
about a specific biochemical reaction.
Substrate - answer✔reactant of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction
Active site of an enzyme - answer✔the region of an enzyme that attaches to a substrate
activation energy - answer✔the minimum amount of energy required to start a chemical reaction
, ©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
12/3/2024 11:27AM
lock and key model - answer✔The model of the enzyme that shows the substrate fitting perfectly
into the active site
Catalyst (enzyme) - answer✔A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without
being changed itself, lowers the activation energy needed for a reaction
Competitive inhibition of enzymes - answer✔occurs when a substance other than the substrate
binds to the active site of an enzyme
non-competitive inhibitor - answer✔A substance that reduces the activity of an enzyme by
binding to a location remote from the active site, changing its conformation so that it no longer
binds to the substrate.
polarity of water - answer✔has polar covalent bonds; H is partially positive, O is partially
negative
Solute - answer✔A substance that is dissolved in a solution.
Solvent - answer✔A liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances
Solution - answer✔A mixture that forms when one substance dissolves another.
capilary action is a result of water molecules: - answer✔having a strong cohesive force and
attaching to the surrounding vessel walls
12/3/2024 11:27AM
Macromolecule Exam Study Guide.
Peptide - answer✔Short chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds
peptide bond - answer✔The chemical bond that forms between the carboxyl group of one amino
acid and the amino group of another amino acid, covalent bonds
Protein - answer✔An organic compound that is made of one or more chains of amino acids and
that is a principal component of all cells
amino acids - answer✔a simple organic compound containing both a carboxyl (—COOH) and an
amino (—NH2) group, building blocks of protein.
Enzyme - answer✔a substance produced by a living organism that acts as a catalyst to bring
about a specific biochemical reaction.
Substrate - answer✔reactant of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction
Active site of an enzyme - answer✔the region of an enzyme that attaches to a substrate
activation energy - answer✔the minimum amount of energy required to start a chemical reaction
, ©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
12/3/2024 11:27AM
lock and key model - answer✔The model of the enzyme that shows the substrate fitting perfectly
into the active site
Catalyst (enzyme) - answer✔A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without
being changed itself, lowers the activation energy needed for a reaction
Competitive inhibition of enzymes - answer✔occurs when a substance other than the substrate
binds to the active site of an enzyme
non-competitive inhibitor - answer✔A substance that reduces the activity of an enzyme by
binding to a location remote from the active site, changing its conformation so that it no longer
binds to the substrate.
polarity of water - answer✔has polar covalent bonds; H is partially positive, O is partially
negative
Solute - answer✔A substance that is dissolved in a solution.
Solvent - answer✔A liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances
Solution - answer✔A mixture that forms when one substance dissolves another.
capilary action is a result of water molecules: - answer✔having a strong cohesive force and
attaching to the surrounding vessel walls
