NURS 617 EXAM 1 ACTUAL EXAM 2024 NEWEST
EXAM COMPLETE ACCURATE 240 EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS
(100% CORRECT ANSWERS) AND RATIONALES
/ALREADY GRADED A+
Morphine - ANSWER..What drug is used as a vasodilator and can cause a
reduction of anxiety in patients with CHF and also decrease venous return
improving pulmonary edema.
Dobutamine - ANSWER..What medication is used in CHF to improve cardiac
output with little or no increase in heart rate. It provides improved pumping
performance with minimal increase in myocardial oxygen consumption.
Dopamine - ANSWER..Which medication used to treat CHF improves renal
blood flow, is protective to the kidneys, and also improves coronary blood flow
Milrinone - ANSWER..Which medication used to treat CHF prevents the down
regulation of Beta 1 receptors that commonly occurs with Beta 1 agonist drugs
used in acute CHF?
Nitroprusside - ANSWER..Which medication used to treat acute CHF can cause
thiocyanate poisoning?
- tinnitus
- confusion
- hyper-reflexia
- metabolic acidosis
- arrhythmias
- hypotension
- death - ANSWER..What are signs of Thiocyanate poisoning?
- Nitrates
- ACE inhibitors
- Beta Blockers
- CCB
,- Antithrombotic drugs
- Statins - ANSWER..What categories of drugs are used to treat Angina
Nitrate Drugs - ANSWER..Drug class that is most effective in angina caused by
coronary occlusive disease but will also provide benefit for vasospastic and
unstable angina
- headaches that should become less likely with continuous use, usually
accompanied by facial flushing
- Tolerance and physical dependence can occur and can be decreased by
incorporating "drug holidays"
- Hypotension and tachycardia at higher doses.
- Occasionally provoke angina
- Withdraw slowly - ANSWER..Disadvantages of Nitrates in treatment of angina
stable and vasospastic angina - ANSWER..What type of Angina does the drug
class Beta Blockers treat?
vasospastic angina - ANSWER..What type of angina does a CCC treat?
Aspirin - ANSWER..Binds to and blocks the synthesis of the COX 1 and COX 2
enzymes which prevents the formation of the prostaglandin thromboxane A2
which promotes the agglutination of platelets. Blood clotting is then slowed and
the tendency for a patient to form a thrombus is prevented.
Antiplatelet drugs - ANSWER..Drug class that can be used prophylactically to
prevent initial coronary thrombosis and has been shown to decrease the incidence
of a second thrombotic event after successful recovery from a first coronary event
Unstable - ANSWER..Antiplatelets are useful in what type of Angina
Anticoagulant drugs - ANSWER..Drug class that prevents mural thrombosis
following an acute MI and prevents re-thrombosis of coronary arteries following
successful therapy
Vitamin K - ANSWER..Treatment for Warfarin overdose
,Protamine - ANSWER..Drug used for reversal of Heparin
Apixaban
Betrixaban
Rivaroxaban - ANSWER..Factor Xa Inhibitors useful for DVT and PE
prophylaxis
Apixaban
Edoxaban
Rivaroxaban - ANSWER..Factor Xa Inhibitors useful for DVT and PE treatment
Apixaban
Rivaroxaban - ANSWER..Factor Xa Inhibitors that reduce the risk of recurrence
of DVT and PE
Apixaban
Rivaroxaban - ANSWER..Factor Xa Inhibitors that reduce the risk of stroke and
systemic embolism in patients with nonvalvular A-fib.
Spinal/Epidural Anesthesia or Punctures and increased risk of thrombotic event
if therapy withdrawn abruptly - ANSWER..What is the black box warning for
Factor Xa Inhibitors
Chronic infection of the cervix by the human papillomavirus results in cervical:
a. hormonal hyperplasia.
b. atrophy.
c. dysplasia.
d. metaplasia. - ANSWER..c. dysplasia.
Rationale: (Chronic infection or inflammation is a common cause of cervical
dysplasia.)
Ethanol (alcohol) causes cell injury by which of the following mechanisms?
a. Cellular dehydration
b. Intracellular sodium loss
c. Lipid accumulation in hepatocytes
, d. Hypoxic injury - ANSWER..c. Lipid accumulation in hepatocytes
Rationale: Ethanol metabolism causes lipid accumulation in hepatocytes that
decreases liver function and may result in liver cirrhosis.
In compensatory hyperplasia, growth factors stimulate cell division in response
to:
a. decreased hormonal stimulation.
b. ischemia.
c. tissue loss.
d. puberty. - ANSWER..c. tissue loss.
Rationale: In response to tissue loss, surrounding cells are stimulated to replace
the lost tissue.
In response to an increased workload, such as that caused by high blood pressure
(hypertension), myocardial cells in the left ventricle will adapt through the
process of:
a. hyperplasia.
b. hypertrophy.
c. atrophy.
d. dysplasia. - ANSWER..b. hypertrophy.
Rationale: In response to the increased workload of hypertension, myocardial
cells will hypertrophy in order to pump harder.
Injury to the endoplasmic reticulum due to hypoxic injury results in:
a. sodium accumulation.
b. a decrease in protein synthesis.
c. the release of enzymes.
d. lactic acid production. - ANSWER..b. a decrease in protein synthesis.
Rationale: Ribosomes are the primary site for protein synthesis. Hypoxic injury
and cellular swelling result in dilation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum,
EXAM COMPLETE ACCURATE 240 EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS
(100% CORRECT ANSWERS) AND RATIONALES
/ALREADY GRADED A+
Morphine - ANSWER..What drug is used as a vasodilator and can cause a
reduction of anxiety in patients with CHF and also decrease venous return
improving pulmonary edema.
Dobutamine - ANSWER..What medication is used in CHF to improve cardiac
output with little or no increase in heart rate. It provides improved pumping
performance with minimal increase in myocardial oxygen consumption.
Dopamine - ANSWER..Which medication used to treat CHF improves renal
blood flow, is protective to the kidneys, and also improves coronary blood flow
Milrinone - ANSWER..Which medication used to treat CHF prevents the down
regulation of Beta 1 receptors that commonly occurs with Beta 1 agonist drugs
used in acute CHF?
Nitroprusside - ANSWER..Which medication used to treat acute CHF can cause
thiocyanate poisoning?
- tinnitus
- confusion
- hyper-reflexia
- metabolic acidosis
- arrhythmias
- hypotension
- death - ANSWER..What are signs of Thiocyanate poisoning?
- Nitrates
- ACE inhibitors
- Beta Blockers
- CCB
,- Antithrombotic drugs
- Statins - ANSWER..What categories of drugs are used to treat Angina
Nitrate Drugs - ANSWER..Drug class that is most effective in angina caused by
coronary occlusive disease but will also provide benefit for vasospastic and
unstable angina
- headaches that should become less likely with continuous use, usually
accompanied by facial flushing
- Tolerance and physical dependence can occur and can be decreased by
incorporating "drug holidays"
- Hypotension and tachycardia at higher doses.
- Occasionally provoke angina
- Withdraw slowly - ANSWER..Disadvantages of Nitrates in treatment of angina
stable and vasospastic angina - ANSWER..What type of Angina does the drug
class Beta Blockers treat?
vasospastic angina - ANSWER..What type of angina does a CCC treat?
Aspirin - ANSWER..Binds to and blocks the synthesis of the COX 1 and COX 2
enzymes which prevents the formation of the prostaglandin thromboxane A2
which promotes the agglutination of platelets. Blood clotting is then slowed and
the tendency for a patient to form a thrombus is prevented.
Antiplatelet drugs - ANSWER..Drug class that can be used prophylactically to
prevent initial coronary thrombosis and has been shown to decrease the incidence
of a second thrombotic event after successful recovery from a first coronary event
Unstable - ANSWER..Antiplatelets are useful in what type of Angina
Anticoagulant drugs - ANSWER..Drug class that prevents mural thrombosis
following an acute MI and prevents re-thrombosis of coronary arteries following
successful therapy
Vitamin K - ANSWER..Treatment for Warfarin overdose
,Protamine - ANSWER..Drug used for reversal of Heparin
Apixaban
Betrixaban
Rivaroxaban - ANSWER..Factor Xa Inhibitors useful for DVT and PE
prophylaxis
Apixaban
Edoxaban
Rivaroxaban - ANSWER..Factor Xa Inhibitors useful for DVT and PE treatment
Apixaban
Rivaroxaban - ANSWER..Factor Xa Inhibitors that reduce the risk of recurrence
of DVT and PE
Apixaban
Rivaroxaban - ANSWER..Factor Xa Inhibitors that reduce the risk of stroke and
systemic embolism in patients with nonvalvular A-fib.
Spinal/Epidural Anesthesia or Punctures and increased risk of thrombotic event
if therapy withdrawn abruptly - ANSWER..What is the black box warning for
Factor Xa Inhibitors
Chronic infection of the cervix by the human papillomavirus results in cervical:
a. hormonal hyperplasia.
b. atrophy.
c. dysplasia.
d. metaplasia. - ANSWER..c. dysplasia.
Rationale: (Chronic infection or inflammation is a common cause of cervical
dysplasia.)
Ethanol (alcohol) causes cell injury by which of the following mechanisms?
a. Cellular dehydration
b. Intracellular sodium loss
c. Lipid accumulation in hepatocytes
, d. Hypoxic injury - ANSWER..c. Lipid accumulation in hepatocytes
Rationale: Ethanol metabolism causes lipid accumulation in hepatocytes that
decreases liver function and may result in liver cirrhosis.
In compensatory hyperplasia, growth factors stimulate cell division in response
to:
a. decreased hormonal stimulation.
b. ischemia.
c. tissue loss.
d. puberty. - ANSWER..c. tissue loss.
Rationale: In response to tissue loss, surrounding cells are stimulated to replace
the lost tissue.
In response to an increased workload, such as that caused by high blood pressure
(hypertension), myocardial cells in the left ventricle will adapt through the
process of:
a. hyperplasia.
b. hypertrophy.
c. atrophy.
d. dysplasia. - ANSWER..b. hypertrophy.
Rationale: In response to the increased workload of hypertension, myocardial
cells will hypertrophy in order to pump harder.
Injury to the endoplasmic reticulum due to hypoxic injury results in:
a. sodium accumulation.
b. a decrease in protein synthesis.
c. the release of enzymes.
d. lactic acid production. - ANSWER..b. a decrease in protein synthesis.
Rationale: Ribosomes are the primary site for protein synthesis. Hypoxic injury
and cellular swelling result in dilation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum,
