Test Bank Solution Manual for Psychopharm Chapter 15 Already Passed

Test Bank Solution Manual for Psychopharm Chapter 15 Already Passed At moderate PCP or ketamine doses, individuals experience which of the following phenomena? - Answers Dissociative anesthesia Mescaline - Answers has been used for years by Native Americans for religious and healing rituals What can be said about the status of hallucinogenic drugs today? - Answers Many psychiatrists and psychologists are now interested in utilizing these drugs in their practices due to a positive shift in government attitudes and polices What is the most severe adverse reaction to LSD? - Answers Flashbacks What experiences characterize the onset of the LSD "trip"? - Answers Sensations of colors and geometric shapes Like _______, Salvia was historically used in religious rituals by Mazatec shamans. - Answers LSD Many of deficits produced by PCP and ketamine can be explained by the action of these drugs on receptors located in the - Answers cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Which of the following statements about flashbacks is FALSE? - Answers Scientists do not yet understand the neural mechanism responsible for them MK-ULTRA was a - Answers CIA program designed to evaluate LSD as a mind control agent. The psychedelic with the shortest duration of action is - Answers DMT All of the following are subjective experiences reported by individuals after taking low doses of PCP EXCEPT - Answers expansion of abstract thinking. Hofmann and the Sandoz pharmaceutical company were initially studying LSD-25 because they - Answers were interested in developing new analeptic drugs. The most common route of administration for LSD is - Answers Oral Most hallucinogens resemble either _______ or _______ in their chemical structure. - Answers phenethylamines; indoleamines Why is it NOT possible to predict whether a user of hallucinogens will have a "good trip" or a "bad trip"? - Answers The drug effects depend very much on the user's expectations and past experiences with hallucinogens. One hypothesis for LSD-induced hallucinations suggests that there is a problem with the "gating" or screening of information in a circuit. Which of the following structures are involved in this circuit? - Answers prefrontal cortex, striatum, and thalamus Researchers have considered LSD as a possible tool for all of the following research approaches or treatment programs EXCEPT - Answers treatment of anxiety and mood disorders The Harvard Psychedelic Drug Research Program - Answers eventually closed when Leary and Alpert were fired from their jobs as heads of the program, marking an end to the psychedelic movement. Which of the following events does NOT occur during the plateau or peak of the LSD "trip"? - Answers Time sense distortion Which of the following regarding the drug PCP or phencyclidine is FALSE? - Answers It causes a trance-like state in which the subject is highly responsive to pain. The least potent psychedelic is - Answers mescaline. At moderate PCP or ketamine doses, individuals experience which of the following phenomena? - Answers Dissociative anesthesia Which of the following about "date rape" drugs is FALSE? - Answers The government recently passed legislation to increase the penalties for sale or possession of these drugs. Which of the following statements concerning the side effects of anabolic steroids is true? - Answers Common effects of steroid use include acne and cardiovascular problems. All of the following symptoms have been observed during the abuse of inhalants EXCEPT - Answers mania. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of abused inhalant drugs? - Answers While humans find inhalant drugs to be reinforcing, animals do not. Regarding patterns and demographics of inhalant use, - Answers surveys indicate that inhalants are the most popular abused substances of 12-year- olds It is thought that GHB may be co-released with GABA upon neuronal firing because - Answers it can be taken up into GABAergic vesicles. According to the history of anabolic steroid use, - Answers Oral-Turabinol use by female athletes in the GDR was linked to many achievements and Olympic medals. Specific effects of anabolic steroids on males and females include all of the following EXCEPT - Answers shrinking of the prostate in males. In addition to their desired effects on muscle, anabolic steroids negatively affect several physiological systems, including the heart, _______ and _______. - Answers the kidneys; the liver Anabolic steroids are structurally related to - Answers testosterone. Heavy users of anabolic steroids may show all of the following psychological or behavioral symptoms EXCEPT - Answers impaired cognitive function. GHB has all of the following effects in animals EXCEPT - Answers increased anxiety in the elevated plus maze. With regard to types of inhalants, - Answers volatile solvents include adhesives, ink, and correction fluid. Dependence on anabolic steroids is - Answers supported by many studies in the literature suggesting users meet most of the DSM criteria for substance abuse and withdrawal. The immediate effects of volatile and gaseous inhalants are similar to those seen following use of - Answers alcohol. All of the following are health risks of inhalant use EXCEPT - Answers coronary heart disease. Studies have shown that radiolabeled toluene injected into the brain disproportionately labels the - Answers striatum and cerebellum. One legitimate use for GHB in the United States is - Answers to treat narcolepsy. Low doses of GHB produce all of the following EXCEPT - Answers perceptual disturbances. Inhalants - Answers have been linked to long-term damage to the brain and other organs. Which of the following is NOT one of the symptoms of lead poisoning described by Hippocrates? - Answers Melancholia Which of the following about bisphenol A (BPA) is FALSE? - Answers Metabolism occurs in the heart. Early childhood lead exposure associated with levels above 10 μg/dl is associated with all of the following EXCEPT for - Answers increased IQ. Which of the following about methylmercury is FALSE? - Answers It is not readily absorbed from the human GI tract. Disruption of _______ appears to be the neurotoxic mechanism of mercury in the adult brain, while in the developing brain it is likely to be _______. - Answers protein synthesis; disruption of cell signaling pathways The United Nations has been investigating the "dirty dozen" POPs since - Answers 1995. Arsenic occurs naturally in all of the following forms EXCEPT - Answers arsenio (As5-)