USAHS CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE EXAM 1 NEWEST 2024 ACTUAL
EXAM COMPLETE ACCURATE 235 QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED
VERIFIED ANSWERS /ALREADY GRADED A+
True or false:
DBS requires an implanted device. - ANSWER..True
True or false:
Aerobic exercise and neuropharmacology also may prime motor learning. -
ANSWER..True
_______ delivers low intensity direct electrical current to the brain; non invasive.
Presently used for patients with epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, and depression. -
ANSWER..tDCS
_______ helps with tremor, rigidity, and slowness; surgically implanted
electrodes. - ANSWER..DBS
_________ facilitates long-term potentiation through an activity dependent
secretion (vital to neuroplasticity). Evidence supports that an increase in this
benefits cognitive functions. - ANSWER..BDNF (biologically-derived
neurotrophic factor)
Systemic levels of BDNF are increased for 10-60min following a bout of
_________ exercise. - ANSWER..Aerobic
BDNF is a protein encoded by the BDNF gene and is a member of the
neurotrophin family. It is involved in ___________________,
_________________, _________________. - ANSWER..Neuroprotection,
neurogenesis, and neuroplasticity
What are the two ways that BDNF is secreted? - ANSWER..Constitutive, aerobic
exercise
Enhanced BDNF levels, after aerobic exercise for example, leads to increased
BDNF gene expression in the ______________, ____________ ____________,
and _____________. - ANSWER..Hippocampus, cerebral cortex, and cerebellum
,Evidence suggests that 30min at _____% HR max if effective for increasing
BDNF in patients with chronic disorders. - ANSWER..60
What two pathologies can occur during the first stage of embryological
development? - ANSWER..Spina bifida (failure of POSTERIOR neuropore to
close) and anencephaly (failure of the ANTERIOR neuropore to close)
What does the prosencephalon divide into? - ANSWER..telencephalon and
diencephalon
What are the derivatives of the telencephalon and diencephalon? -
ANSWER..telencephalon: rhinoencephalon (lateral ventricles)
diencephalon: thalamus, hypothalamus, optic nerves, neurohypophysis, and
pineal gland (third ventricle)
What is the derivative of the mesencephalon? - ANSWER..Midbrain (cerebral
aqueduct)
What does the rhombencephalon divide into? - ANSWER..metencephalon and
myelencephalon
What are the derivatives of the metencephalon and myelencephalon? -
ANSWER..Metencephalon: cerebellum and pons (fourth ventricle)
Myelencephalon: medulla (fourth ventricle)
What does the primitive neural tube divide into? - ANSWER..Neural tube and
neural crest
What are the derivatives of the neural tube and neural crest? - ANSWER..Neural
tube: spinal cord (central canal)
Neural crest: peripheral nerve ganglia
The anterior commissure is _________ to the posterior commissure. -
ANSWER..Rostral
, The thalamus is ________to the frontal lobe. - ANSWER..Caudal
The cerebellum is _________ to the pons. - ANSWER..Dorsal
The anterior horn of the SC is _________ to the posterior horn of the SC. -
ANSWER..Ventral
During the __________ ___________ phase of embryological development the
sulcus limitans pushes bilaterally inside of the neural tube and starts to divide the
tube into a ventral and dorsal portion. - ANSWER..Cell proliferation (ventral
portion= baslar plate; efferent motor and the dorsal portion= alar plate; sensory)
During the cell proliferation phase the innermost layer (ependyaml aka germinal)
creates the lining of the __________. - ANSWER..Ventricles (helps the cilia)
During the cell proliferation phase the intermediate layer becomes the
___________. - ANSWER..Mantle (gray matter)
During the cell proliferation phase the marginal layer becomes ________
________. - ANSWER..White matter
During _________ migration the cells travel up the telencephalon from the SC. -
ANSWER..Radial
During ______________ migration the cells travel within the brain stem. This
occurs late in the migration process. - ANSWER..Tangential
What two defects can occur in the migration phase of embryological
development? - ANSWER..Dyslexia and lissencephaly (smooth brain = low IQ)
During the differentiation phase of embryological development at 14 weeks CN's
_______, _______, ______, ______, and _____ form. - ANSWER..5, 7, 9, 10,
and 12 (swallow/gag)
EXAM COMPLETE ACCURATE 235 QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED
VERIFIED ANSWERS /ALREADY GRADED A+
True or false:
DBS requires an implanted device. - ANSWER..True
True or false:
Aerobic exercise and neuropharmacology also may prime motor learning. -
ANSWER..True
_______ delivers low intensity direct electrical current to the brain; non invasive.
Presently used for patients with epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, and depression. -
ANSWER..tDCS
_______ helps with tremor, rigidity, and slowness; surgically implanted
electrodes. - ANSWER..DBS
_________ facilitates long-term potentiation through an activity dependent
secretion (vital to neuroplasticity). Evidence supports that an increase in this
benefits cognitive functions. - ANSWER..BDNF (biologically-derived
neurotrophic factor)
Systemic levels of BDNF are increased for 10-60min following a bout of
_________ exercise. - ANSWER..Aerobic
BDNF is a protein encoded by the BDNF gene and is a member of the
neurotrophin family. It is involved in ___________________,
_________________, _________________. - ANSWER..Neuroprotection,
neurogenesis, and neuroplasticity
What are the two ways that BDNF is secreted? - ANSWER..Constitutive, aerobic
exercise
Enhanced BDNF levels, after aerobic exercise for example, leads to increased
BDNF gene expression in the ______________, ____________ ____________,
and _____________. - ANSWER..Hippocampus, cerebral cortex, and cerebellum
,Evidence suggests that 30min at _____% HR max if effective for increasing
BDNF in patients with chronic disorders. - ANSWER..60
What two pathologies can occur during the first stage of embryological
development? - ANSWER..Spina bifida (failure of POSTERIOR neuropore to
close) and anencephaly (failure of the ANTERIOR neuropore to close)
What does the prosencephalon divide into? - ANSWER..telencephalon and
diencephalon
What are the derivatives of the telencephalon and diencephalon? -
ANSWER..telencephalon: rhinoencephalon (lateral ventricles)
diencephalon: thalamus, hypothalamus, optic nerves, neurohypophysis, and
pineal gland (third ventricle)
What is the derivative of the mesencephalon? - ANSWER..Midbrain (cerebral
aqueduct)
What does the rhombencephalon divide into? - ANSWER..metencephalon and
myelencephalon
What are the derivatives of the metencephalon and myelencephalon? -
ANSWER..Metencephalon: cerebellum and pons (fourth ventricle)
Myelencephalon: medulla (fourth ventricle)
What does the primitive neural tube divide into? - ANSWER..Neural tube and
neural crest
What are the derivatives of the neural tube and neural crest? - ANSWER..Neural
tube: spinal cord (central canal)
Neural crest: peripheral nerve ganglia
The anterior commissure is _________ to the posterior commissure. -
ANSWER..Rostral
, The thalamus is ________to the frontal lobe. - ANSWER..Caudal
The cerebellum is _________ to the pons. - ANSWER..Dorsal
The anterior horn of the SC is _________ to the posterior horn of the SC. -
ANSWER..Ventral
During the __________ ___________ phase of embryological development the
sulcus limitans pushes bilaterally inside of the neural tube and starts to divide the
tube into a ventral and dorsal portion. - ANSWER..Cell proliferation (ventral
portion= baslar plate; efferent motor and the dorsal portion= alar plate; sensory)
During the cell proliferation phase the innermost layer (ependyaml aka germinal)
creates the lining of the __________. - ANSWER..Ventricles (helps the cilia)
During the cell proliferation phase the intermediate layer becomes the
___________. - ANSWER..Mantle (gray matter)
During the cell proliferation phase the marginal layer becomes ________
________. - ANSWER..White matter
During _________ migration the cells travel up the telencephalon from the SC. -
ANSWER..Radial
During ______________ migration the cells travel within the brain stem. This
occurs late in the migration process. - ANSWER..Tangential
What two defects can occur in the migration phase of embryological
development? - ANSWER..Dyslexia and lissencephaly (smooth brain = low IQ)
During the differentiation phase of embryological development at 14 weeks CN's
_______, _______, ______, ______, and _____ form. - ANSWER..5, 7, 9, 10,
and 12 (swallow/gag)
