management - ✔️✔️the pursuit of organizational goals efficiently and effectively by
integrating the work of people through planning, organizing, leading and controlling the
organization's resources
top managers - ✔️✔️make long-term decisions about the overall direction of the
organization and establish the objectives, policies, and strategies for it
organization - ✔️✔️a group of people who work together to achieve some specific
purpose
efficiency - ✔️✔️means to use resources-people, money raw materials, and the like -
wisely and cost effectively
effectiveness - ✔️✔️means to achieve results, to make the right decisions and to
successfully carry them out so that they achieve the organization's goals
planning - ✔️✔️setting goals and deciding how to achieve them
organizing - ✔️✔️arranging tasks, people, and other resources to accomplish the work
leading - ✔️✔️motivating, directing, and otherwise influencing people to work hard to
achieve the organization's goals
controlling - ✔️✔️monitoring performance, comparing it with goals, and taking
corrective action as needed
competitive advantage - ✔️✔️the ability of an organization to produce goods or
services more effectively than competitors do, thereby outperforming them
innovation - ✔️✔️finding ways to deliver new or better goods or services
sustainability - ✔️✔️economic development that meets the needs of the present
without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
middle managers - ✔️✔️implement the policies and plans of the top managers above
them and supervise and coordinate the activities of the first-line managers below them
, first line managers - ✔️✔️make short-term operating decisions, directing the daily tasks
of non-mangerial personnel
team leader - ✔️✔️a manager who is responsible for facilitating team activities toward
achieving key results
functional manager - ✔️✔️responsible for just one organizational activity
general manager - ✔️✔️responsible for several organizational activities
for-profit organization - ✔️✔️goal is to make money, or profits, by offering products or
services
non-profit organization - ✔️✔️their purpose is to offer services to some clients, not to
make a profit
technical skills - ✔️✔️consist of the job-specific knowledge needed to perform well in a
specialized field
conceptual skills - ✔️✔️consist of the ability to think analytically, to visualize an
organization as a whole and understand how the parts work together
human skills - ✔️✔️consist of the ability to work well in cooperation with other people to
get things done
soft skills - ✔️✔️the ability to motivate, to inspire trust, to communicate with others - are
necessary for managers of all levels
interpersonal roles - ✔️✔️managers interact with people inside and outside their work
units
informational roles - ✔️✔️monitor, disseminator, and spokesperson - managers receive
and communicate information
decisional roles - ✔️✔️managers use information to make decisions to solve problems
or take advantage of opportunities
entrepreneurship - ✔️✔️the process of taking risk to try to create a new enterprise
entrepreneur - ✔️✔️someone who sees a new opportunity for a product or service and
launches a business to try to realize it