NUR 170 Exam 1 Questions And Correct Answers
Normal I+O - ANSWER Intake 2-3L/day; Loss of 400-600 mL minimum in urine, 500mL-1L
of insensible water loss
What % of body is water? - ANSWER 60%, Women and elderly are 50%
Fluid Compartments - ANSWER Intracellular and extracellular (interstitial and
intravascular)
Dehydration S+S - ANSWER headache, confusion, tachycardia, hypotension, poor skin
turgor, decreased UOP, dry mucus membranes, constipation, thirst
Labs: increased hemoconcentration, BUN, Na, and USG
Dehydration Nursing Interventions - ANSWER hydrate, labs, I+Os
1L of water = _____ lb. - ANSWER 2.2 lbs/1 kg
Weight change of 1 lb = fluid volume change of about ___ mL. - ANSWER 500
Dehydration Causes - ANSWER Outdoor work, exercise, N/V, alcohol, diarrhea,
ileostomy, laxatives, burns, fever, diuretics, NG suctioning, NPO order
Fluid Volume Overload S+S - ANSWER bounding increased pulse, HTN, dyspnea, lung
crackles, edema, weight gain
Labs: decreased hematocrit, serum Na, and USG
, Fluid Volume Overload Causes - ANSWER endstage renal disease, CHF, water
intoxication, SIADH, corticosteroid therapy, rapid fluid replacement
Fluid Volume Overload Tx - ANSWER diuretics, fluid and salt restriction, I+O monitoring
Hyponatremia S+S and Worst Case - ANSWER S+S: irritable, confused, tired, abdominal
cramps, muscle weakness, salt craving
Worst Case: SZ, psychosis, ataxia
Hyponatremia: Tx & Interventions - ANSWER Tx: Fluid restriction, Na supplements, 3%
normal saline
Interventions: monitor neurological status, SZ/fall precautions
Hypernatremia S+S and Worst Case - ANSWER S+S: restless, agitated, anorexia, N/V,
lethargic, weak, confused, thirsty
Worst Case: SZ, coma, decreased LOC
Hypernatremia Tx and Interventions - ANSWER Tx: Fluids
Interventions: Frequent vitals, I+O monitoring, SZ/fall precautions, monitor neuro status
Hypokalemia S+S and Worst Case - ANSWER S+S: leg cramps, arrhythmias, decreased
GI motility, muscle weakness, decreased DTRs, alkalosis
Worst Case: Cardiac Arrest
Hypokalemia Tx and Interventions - ANSWER Tx: high potassium diet, supplements, give
Normal I+O - ANSWER Intake 2-3L/day; Loss of 400-600 mL minimum in urine, 500mL-1L
of insensible water loss
What % of body is water? - ANSWER 60%, Women and elderly are 50%
Fluid Compartments - ANSWER Intracellular and extracellular (interstitial and
intravascular)
Dehydration S+S - ANSWER headache, confusion, tachycardia, hypotension, poor skin
turgor, decreased UOP, dry mucus membranes, constipation, thirst
Labs: increased hemoconcentration, BUN, Na, and USG
Dehydration Nursing Interventions - ANSWER hydrate, labs, I+Os
1L of water = _____ lb. - ANSWER 2.2 lbs/1 kg
Weight change of 1 lb = fluid volume change of about ___ mL. - ANSWER 500
Dehydration Causes - ANSWER Outdoor work, exercise, N/V, alcohol, diarrhea,
ileostomy, laxatives, burns, fever, diuretics, NG suctioning, NPO order
Fluid Volume Overload S+S - ANSWER bounding increased pulse, HTN, dyspnea, lung
crackles, edema, weight gain
Labs: decreased hematocrit, serum Na, and USG
, Fluid Volume Overload Causes - ANSWER endstage renal disease, CHF, water
intoxication, SIADH, corticosteroid therapy, rapid fluid replacement
Fluid Volume Overload Tx - ANSWER diuretics, fluid and salt restriction, I+O monitoring
Hyponatremia S+S and Worst Case - ANSWER S+S: irritable, confused, tired, abdominal
cramps, muscle weakness, salt craving
Worst Case: SZ, psychosis, ataxia
Hyponatremia: Tx & Interventions - ANSWER Tx: Fluid restriction, Na supplements, 3%
normal saline
Interventions: monitor neurological status, SZ/fall precautions
Hypernatremia S+S and Worst Case - ANSWER S+S: restless, agitated, anorexia, N/V,
lethargic, weak, confused, thirsty
Worst Case: SZ, coma, decreased LOC
Hypernatremia Tx and Interventions - ANSWER Tx: Fluids
Interventions: Frequent vitals, I+O monitoring, SZ/fall precautions, monitor neuro status
Hypokalemia S+S and Worst Case - ANSWER S+S: leg cramps, arrhythmias, decreased
GI motility, muscle weakness, decreased DTRs, alkalosis
Worst Case: Cardiac Arrest
Hypokalemia Tx and Interventions - ANSWER Tx: high potassium diet, supplements, give
