MMSC491 Exam 1 with Verified Answers
Protein- DNA complex (aids in fitting large DNA molecules in nucleus within confines of this
organelle) Correct Ans-Chromatin
Histones Correct Ans-Basic proteins found in chromatin
React with negatively charged phosphate backbone of DNA molecules
Average sized chromosome Correct Ans-4.8 cm long with 140 million base pairs
What does chromatin do Correct Ans-Organizing feature
Supports rapid DNA replication
Aids in proper segregation of replicated DNA during cell division
Aids in transcriptional regulation
What are the special units of chromosome function Correct Ans-Replication origins
Centromeres
Telomeres
, MMSC491 Exam 1 with Verified Answers
Centromeres Correct Ans-Specific sequence of DNA location at midsection of chromosome
Bound to kinetochore (bound by spindle fibers-microtubules, aid in moving chromosome from
1 side of cell to other) during DNA segregation
Essential for proper segregation of chromosomes during cell division
Replication origins Correct Ans-Specific sequences of DNA required for replication
Chromosomal replication
Multiple origins are necessary in higher eukaryotes
Not conserved throughout nature
Certain proteins bind to origins and recruit replication machinery to the site
Telomeres Correct Ans-Specialized sequences at ends of chromosomes
Become degraded, leads to chromosome being unstable and recombination or fusion can
happen so the end won't be exposed; if it is exposed nucleosomes degrade the chromosome
Highly conserved sequence throughout nature
Polyploid Correct Ans-DNA undergo multiple rounds of replication without division
Origination from cell fusion to give rise to cells with multiple nuclei
Hallmark of cancer cells
Mitochondrial copy number Correct Ans-Can vary from 100s to many thousands
Protein- DNA complex (aids in fitting large DNA molecules in nucleus within confines of this
organelle) Correct Ans-Chromatin
Histones Correct Ans-Basic proteins found in chromatin
React with negatively charged phosphate backbone of DNA molecules
Average sized chromosome Correct Ans-4.8 cm long with 140 million base pairs
What does chromatin do Correct Ans-Organizing feature
Supports rapid DNA replication
Aids in proper segregation of replicated DNA during cell division
Aids in transcriptional regulation
What are the special units of chromosome function Correct Ans-Replication origins
Centromeres
Telomeres
, MMSC491 Exam 1 with Verified Answers
Centromeres Correct Ans-Specific sequence of DNA location at midsection of chromosome
Bound to kinetochore (bound by spindle fibers-microtubules, aid in moving chromosome from
1 side of cell to other) during DNA segregation
Essential for proper segregation of chromosomes during cell division
Replication origins Correct Ans-Specific sequences of DNA required for replication
Chromosomal replication
Multiple origins are necessary in higher eukaryotes
Not conserved throughout nature
Certain proteins bind to origins and recruit replication machinery to the site
Telomeres Correct Ans-Specialized sequences at ends of chromosomes
Become degraded, leads to chromosome being unstable and recombination or fusion can
happen so the end won't be exposed; if it is exposed nucleosomes degrade the chromosome
Highly conserved sequence throughout nature
Polyploid Correct Ans-DNA undergo multiple rounds of replication without division
Origination from cell fusion to give rise to cells with multiple nuclei
Hallmark of cancer cells
Mitochondrial copy number Correct Ans-Can vary from 100s to many thousands
