NURS 3550: Pharmacology Final Exam questions with
correct answers
Bethanechol is what type of drug (Agonist/antagonist) Correct Answer-
Direct Parasympathetic Agonist
What are Bethanechol's MOA and effects? Correct Answer-stimulates
muscarinic receptors in smooth muscle, glands and effector organs to
mimic the stimulation of the PNS
CNS: miosis, near vision
CVS: decreased HR, vasodilation to GI, decreased BP
Lungs: bronchoconstriction and increased secretions
GI: increased tone, contractility, increases secretions and gastric acid,
relaxed sphincters
GU: increased tone, contractility, relaxed trigone and sphincter.
Bethanechol's Therapeutic Indications Correct Answer-1) Urinary
retention
2) GI atony
3) Glaucoma
1) relaxes trigone and sphincters making it easier to urinate
2) increases tone and contractility
3) CNS stimulation
,Bethanechol's ADRs Correct Answer-confusion, hypotension,
bradycardia, increased salvation and gastric acid secretion, abdominal
cramps, diarrhea, rhinitis, sweating and incontinence
Bethanechol's Drug Interactions Correct Answer-beta blockers (d/t
bradycardia... check HR), anti-muscarinic drugs (cancels out effects),
antihistamines, and TCAs
Bethanechol's Contraindications Correct Answer-ulcers, intestinal
obstructions, recent bowel surgery, urinary obstruction, asthma, and
hyperthyroid conditions.
Atropine is what kind of drug? Correct Answer-General Muscarinic
Antagonist
MOA and Effects Correct Answer-MOA: blocks muscarinic receptors
and prevents access of Ach to the receptor so it cannot do it's job.
Effects: mimics effects of SNS
CNS- SNS stimulation
CVS: increases HR
GI: decreases activity
Eyes: mydriasis
Lungs: bronchoconstriction
GU: decreases activity
, Atropine Therapeutic Indications Correct Answer-1) Pre-anesthetic
medication (drys up secretions)
2) produces mydriasis
3) bradycardia (used to increase HR)
4) intestinal hyperactivity
5) overactive bladder
6) antidote to cholinergic crisis
Atropine ADR's Correct Answer-tachycardia, increased BP d/t increased
HR, constipation, urinary retention, xerostomia, anhidrosis, blurred
vision and photophobia
Atropine Drug Interactions Correct Answer-drugs that cross react with
M-receptors (TCAs, antihistamines), herbal medications (aloe, sienna),
nicotinic antagonists, and neuromuscular blockers
Atropine Contraindications Correct Answer-acute angle-closure
glaucoma, pulmonary conditions, cardiac conditions, GI conditions, and
cautioned in the elderly
Epinephrine is what type of drug? Correct Answer-General Adrenergic
Agonist
Epi's MOA and Effects Correct Answer-MOA: binds/stimulates all 4
receptors
correct answers
Bethanechol is what type of drug (Agonist/antagonist) Correct Answer-
Direct Parasympathetic Agonist
What are Bethanechol's MOA and effects? Correct Answer-stimulates
muscarinic receptors in smooth muscle, glands and effector organs to
mimic the stimulation of the PNS
CNS: miosis, near vision
CVS: decreased HR, vasodilation to GI, decreased BP
Lungs: bronchoconstriction and increased secretions
GI: increased tone, contractility, increases secretions and gastric acid,
relaxed sphincters
GU: increased tone, contractility, relaxed trigone and sphincter.
Bethanechol's Therapeutic Indications Correct Answer-1) Urinary
retention
2) GI atony
3) Glaucoma
1) relaxes trigone and sphincters making it easier to urinate
2) increases tone and contractility
3) CNS stimulation
,Bethanechol's ADRs Correct Answer-confusion, hypotension,
bradycardia, increased salvation and gastric acid secretion, abdominal
cramps, diarrhea, rhinitis, sweating and incontinence
Bethanechol's Drug Interactions Correct Answer-beta blockers (d/t
bradycardia... check HR), anti-muscarinic drugs (cancels out effects),
antihistamines, and TCAs
Bethanechol's Contraindications Correct Answer-ulcers, intestinal
obstructions, recent bowel surgery, urinary obstruction, asthma, and
hyperthyroid conditions.
Atropine is what kind of drug? Correct Answer-General Muscarinic
Antagonist
MOA and Effects Correct Answer-MOA: blocks muscarinic receptors
and prevents access of Ach to the receptor so it cannot do it's job.
Effects: mimics effects of SNS
CNS- SNS stimulation
CVS: increases HR
GI: decreases activity
Eyes: mydriasis
Lungs: bronchoconstriction
GU: decreases activity
, Atropine Therapeutic Indications Correct Answer-1) Pre-anesthetic
medication (drys up secretions)
2) produces mydriasis
3) bradycardia (used to increase HR)
4) intestinal hyperactivity
5) overactive bladder
6) antidote to cholinergic crisis
Atropine ADR's Correct Answer-tachycardia, increased BP d/t increased
HR, constipation, urinary retention, xerostomia, anhidrosis, blurred
vision and photophobia
Atropine Drug Interactions Correct Answer-drugs that cross react with
M-receptors (TCAs, antihistamines), herbal medications (aloe, sienna),
nicotinic antagonists, and neuromuscular blockers
Atropine Contraindications Correct Answer-acute angle-closure
glaucoma, pulmonary conditions, cardiac conditions, GI conditions, and
cautioned in the elderly
Epinephrine is what type of drug? Correct Answer-General Adrenergic
Agonist
Epi's MOA and Effects Correct Answer-MOA: binds/stimulates all 4
receptors
