COPE Health Scholars written exam review
Questions And Answers
What are the 3 levels of Infection Prevention in health care setting? Tier 1: Standard
Precautions: protect all patients regardless of diagnoses
Tier 2: Transmission Based Precaution: Precautions healthcare staff must take in order to protect
from being infected by patient with a known infection
Tier 3: Patient Protective Precaution: Immune compromised patients that need to be safeguarded
from environment
Give 6 examples of the types of patients considered immune-comprised patients 1)
Newborn babies (especially premature babies)
Remember they do not have the necessary antibodies and have weak cell-mediated immunity
2) elderly: have a slower immune system, that does not respond very quickly to infectious agents
upon their entry
, COPE Health Scholars written exam review
Questions And Answers
3) Surgical patients: tissue exposure during surgery that serves as a portal entry for infectious
agents
4) immune compromised (HIV/AIDS, chemotherapy patients, organ transplant)
5) seriously ill patients (chemotherapy, HIV/AID, organ transplant)
6) physically and nutritionally depleted patients who are not getting essential nutrients and
minerals and energy to develop a strong immune system
What is the central premise of Standard precautions? All bodily fluids are potentially
infectious
Name a few examples of bodily fluids *amniotic fluid,
*pleural fluid (from excess build-up fluid in pleural cavity of lungs)
*pericardial fluid (excess build up fluid in sac-like structure surrounding heart, the pericardium)
*sputum
*nasal secretion
, COPE Health Scholars written exam review
Questions And Answers
*blood
*non-intact skin
*saliva
*semen
*vaginal fluids
What are the 3 types of transmission based precautions 1) contact (either direct or
indirect) : any skin to skin contact with patient, gown, surfaces patient has touches.
2) droplet: infectious agent that transmits infection when they travel from respiratory tract from
infected individual via sneezing or coughing to susceptible mucosal surfaces of recipient (less
than 3 feet away)
3) airborne: via contaminated dust particles or minute droplet nuclei (can be transmitted more
than 3 feet away)
Give examples of common bacterial infections 1) Streptococcus
2) staphylococcus
, COPE Health Scholars written exam review
Questions And Answers
3) Tuberculosis
Give examples of common viral infections 1) HIV --> AIDS
2) Epstein-Barre syndrome
3) Influenza virus
4) Hepatitis B
What are complications that result from being infected with Streptococcus? Pharyngitis
(strep throat), toxic shock syndrome, rheumatic fever, scarlet fever, skin infections
What are some complication that result from being infected with Staphylococcus? aka toxic
shock syndrome mild skin infections (pimples, impetigo), meningitis, endocarditis, and
pneumonia
What are some complications that result from being infected with TB? coughing up blood,
known as respiratory illness that causes progressive lung damage, fever, night sweats, weight
loss. It can also effect many organs including the kidneys and intestines
Questions And Answers
What are the 3 levels of Infection Prevention in health care setting? Tier 1: Standard
Precautions: protect all patients regardless of diagnoses
Tier 2: Transmission Based Precaution: Precautions healthcare staff must take in order to protect
from being infected by patient with a known infection
Tier 3: Patient Protective Precaution: Immune compromised patients that need to be safeguarded
from environment
Give 6 examples of the types of patients considered immune-comprised patients 1)
Newborn babies (especially premature babies)
Remember they do not have the necessary antibodies and have weak cell-mediated immunity
2) elderly: have a slower immune system, that does not respond very quickly to infectious agents
upon their entry
, COPE Health Scholars written exam review
Questions And Answers
3) Surgical patients: tissue exposure during surgery that serves as a portal entry for infectious
agents
4) immune compromised (HIV/AIDS, chemotherapy patients, organ transplant)
5) seriously ill patients (chemotherapy, HIV/AID, organ transplant)
6) physically and nutritionally depleted patients who are not getting essential nutrients and
minerals and energy to develop a strong immune system
What is the central premise of Standard precautions? All bodily fluids are potentially
infectious
Name a few examples of bodily fluids *amniotic fluid,
*pleural fluid (from excess build-up fluid in pleural cavity of lungs)
*pericardial fluid (excess build up fluid in sac-like structure surrounding heart, the pericardium)
*sputum
*nasal secretion
, COPE Health Scholars written exam review
Questions And Answers
*blood
*non-intact skin
*saliva
*semen
*vaginal fluids
What are the 3 types of transmission based precautions 1) contact (either direct or
indirect) : any skin to skin contact with patient, gown, surfaces patient has touches.
2) droplet: infectious agent that transmits infection when they travel from respiratory tract from
infected individual via sneezing or coughing to susceptible mucosal surfaces of recipient (less
than 3 feet away)
3) airborne: via contaminated dust particles or minute droplet nuclei (can be transmitted more
than 3 feet away)
Give examples of common bacterial infections 1) Streptococcus
2) staphylococcus
, COPE Health Scholars written exam review
Questions And Answers
3) Tuberculosis
Give examples of common viral infections 1) HIV --> AIDS
2) Epstein-Barre syndrome
3) Influenza virus
4) Hepatitis B
What are complications that result from being infected with Streptococcus? Pharyngitis
(strep throat), toxic shock syndrome, rheumatic fever, scarlet fever, skin infections
What are some complication that result from being infected with Staphylococcus? aka toxic
shock syndrome mild skin infections (pimples, impetigo), meningitis, endocarditis, and
pneumonia
What are some complications that result from being infected with TB? coughing up blood,
known as respiratory illness that causes progressive lung damage, fever, night sweats, weight
loss. It can also effect many organs including the kidneys and intestines
