BIOL 2302 Final Exam 4 Questions And
All Correct Answers.
Anabolism - Answer synthesis of large molecules from small ones (example: synthesis of proteins from
amino acids
Catabolism - Answer hydrolysis of complex structures to simpler ones (example: breakdown of proteins
into amino acids)
Cellular respiration - Answer catabolic breakdown of food fuels whereby energy from food is captured
to form ATP in cells- Goal of cellular respiration is to trap chemical energy in ATP Energy can also be
stored in glycogen and fats, which can be broken down later
Phosphorylation - Answer enzymes shift high-energy phosphate groups of ATP to other molecules
- Phosphorylated molecules become activated to perform cellular functions
Electron transport chain - Answer creates a proton (H+) gradient across mitochondrial membrane using
high-energy electrons removed from H from food fuels
Chemiosmosis - Answer uses the energy of the proton gradient to synthesize ATP
Ureters - Answer transport urine from kidneys to urinary bladder
Glomerular filtration - Answer produces cell- and protein-free filtrate. passive process
Tubular reabsorption - Answer selectively returns 99% of substances from filtrate to blood in renal
tubules and collecting ducts
quickly reclaims most of tubular contents and returns them to blood
Tubular secretion - Answer selectively moves substances from blood to filtrate in renal tubules and
collecting ducts
All Correct Answers.
Anabolism - Answer synthesis of large molecules from small ones (example: synthesis of proteins from
amino acids
Catabolism - Answer hydrolysis of complex structures to simpler ones (example: breakdown of proteins
into amino acids)
Cellular respiration - Answer catabolic breakdown of food fuels whereby energy from food is captured
to form ATP in cells- Goal of cellular respiration is to trap chemical energy in ATP Energy can also be
stored in glycogen and fats, which can be broken down later
Phosphorylation - Answer enzymes shift high-energy phosphate groups of ATP to other molecules
- Phosphorylated molecules become activated to perform cellular functions
Electron transport chain - Answer creates a proton (H+) gradient across mitochondrial membrane using
high-energy electrons removed from H from food fuels
Chemiosmosis - Answer uses the energy of the proton gradient to synthesize ATP
Ureters - Answer transport urine from kidneys to urinary bladder
Glomerular filtration - Answer produces cell- and protein-free filtrate. passive process
Tubular reabsorption - Answer selectively returns 99% of substances from filtrate to blood in renal
tubules and collecting ducts
quickly reclaims most of tubular contents and returns them to blood
Tubular secretion - Answer selectively moves substances from blood to filtrate in renal tubules and
collecting ducts
