UCHAPTER 16 - RESPIRATORY
EMERGENCIES QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+
Dyspnea - shortness of breath or difficulty breathing.
Respiration - is the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Pathophysiology of Respiration - refers to conditions under which body processes are not working as
they should and as a result interfere with normal respiration.
Carbon Dioxide Retention - A condition characterized by a chronically high blood level of carbon dioxide
in which the respiratory center no longer responds to high blood levels of carbon dioxide.
Ventilation - movement of air in and out of the lungs.
Hypoxic Drive - A "backup system" to control respiration; senses drops in the oxygen level in the blood.
Hypoxia - a condition in which the body's cells and tissues do not get enough oxygen.
Atelectasis - collapsed lung; incomplete expansion of alveoli.
Oxygenation - The process of delivering oxygen to the blood by diffusion from the alveoli following
inhalation into the lungs.
Croup - is caused by inflammation and swelling of the pharynx, larynx and trachea.
, Epiglottis - is a life threatning inflammatory disease of the epiglottis, the small flap of tissue at the back
of the throat that protects the larynx and trachea during swallowing.
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) - is a common cause of illness in young children. Causes an infection in
the lungs and breathing passages, and can lead to other serious illnesses such as bronchiolitis and
pneumonia as well as seriou heart and lunc problems and premature infants and in children who have
depressed immune systems.
Bronchiolitis - is a repsiratory illness that often occurs due to RSV infection and reults in severe
inflammation of the bronchioles.
Pneumonia - is a general term that refgers to an infection of the lungs. Collects in the surrounding
normal lung tissues imparing the lungs ability to exhchange oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Pulmonary Edema - Caused from left side heart failure which causes fluid to back up into the lungs
within the alveoli and in the lung tissue between the alveoli and the pulmonary capillaries.
Chronic Obstructuve Pulmonary Disease (COPD) - is a lung disease characterized by chronic obstruction
of lung airflow that interferes with normal breathing and is not fully reversible.
Chronic Bronchitis - is an ongoing irritation of the trachea and bronchi.
Emphysema - is a loss of the elastic material in the lungs that occurs when the alveolar air spaces
chroncically stretched due to inflamed airways and obstruction of airflow out of the lungs.
Wet Lung Sounds - Rhonchi, crackles caused by CHF or Pulmonary edema.
Dry Lung Sounds - Wheezing sounds commonly caused by COPD.
Hay Fever (Allergic Rhinitis) - causes coldlife sypmtoms, uncluding runny nose, sneezing, congestion, and
sinus pressure which is caused by an allerigc response ussually to outdoor airborne allergens such as
pollen or sometimes indoor allergens such as dust mites and pet dander.
EMERGENCIES QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+
Dyspnea - shortness of breath or difficulty breathing.
Respiration - is the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Pathophysiology of Respiration - refers to conditions under which body processes are not working as
they should and as a result interfere with normal respiration.
Carbon Dioxide Retention - A condition characterized by a chronically high blood level of carbon dioxide
in which the respiratory center no longer responds to high blood levels of carbon dioxide.
Ventilation - movement of air in and out of the lungs.
Hypoxic Drive - A "backup system" to control respiration; senses drops in the oxygen level in the blood.
Hypoxia - a condition in which the body's cells and tissues do not get enough oxygen.
Atelectasis - collapsed lung; incomplete expansion of alveoli.
Oxygenation - The process of delivering oxygen to the blood by diffusion from the alveoli following
inhalation into the lungs.
Croup - is caused by inflammation and swelling of the pharynx, larynx and trachea.
, Epiglottis - is a life threatning inflammatory disease of the epiglottis, the small flap of tissue at the back
of the throat that protects the larynx and trachea during swallowing.
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) - is a common cause of illness in young children. Causes an infection in
the lungs and breathing passages, and can lead to other serious illnesses such as bronchiolitis and
pneumonia as well as seriou heart and lunc problems and premature infants and in children who have
depressed immune systems.
Bronchiolitis - is a repsiratory illness that often occurs due to RSV infection and reults in severe
inflammation of the bronchioles.
Pneumonia - is a general term that refgers to an infection of the lungs. Collects in the surrounding
normal lung tissues imparing the lungs ability to exhchange oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Pulmonary Edema - Caused from left side heart failure which causes fluid to back up into the lungs
within the alveoli and in the lung tissue between the alveoli and the pulmonary capillaries.
Chronic Obstructuve Pulmonary Disease (COPD) - is a lung disease characterized by chronic obstruction
of lung airflow that interferes with normal breathing and is not fully reversible.
Chronic Bronchitis - is an ongoing irritation of the trachea and bronchi.
Emphysema - is a loss of the elastic material in the lungs that occurs when the alveolar air spaces
chroncically stretched due to inflamed airways and obstruction of airflow out of the lungs.
Wet Lung Sounds - Rhonchi, crackles caused by CHF or Pulmonary edema.
Dry Lung Sounds - Wheezing sounds commonly caused by COPD.
Hay Fever (Allergic Rhinitis) - causes coldlife sypmtoms, uncluding runny nose, sneezing, congestion, and
sinus pressure which is caused by an allerigc response ussually to outdoor airborne allergens such as
pollen or sometimes indoor allergens such as dust mites and pet dander.
