MEDSURGE EXAM 3
1. a,b,f To confirm an acid-base imbalance, it is necessary to
assess which findings from a client's arterial blood gas
(ABG) results? Select all that apply.
a) PaCO2
b)HCO3
c)K+
d)Glucose
e)Na+
f)pH
2. a,c,d,f A nurse caring for a patient who is receiving an IV solution
via a central vein suspects the complication of an air
embolism. Which of the following are signs and symptoms
consistent with that diagnosis? Select all that apply.
a)Cyanosis
b) Hypertension
c)Tachycardia
d)Dyspnea
e) Crackles on auscultation
f) Shoulder pain
3. Parathyroid hor- The calcium concentration in the blood is regulated by
mone (PTH) which mechanism?
Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
Thyroid hormone (TH)
Androgens
Adrenal gland
4. peaked T waves A nurse is monitoring a client being evaluated who has a
potassium level of 7 mEq/L (mmol/L). Which electrocardio-
gram changes will the client display?
elevated ST segment
peaked T waves
prolonged T waves
shortened PR interval
5. calcium 12.9 A client presents with anorexia, nausea and vomiting,
mg/dL (3.2 deep bone pain, and constipation. The following are the
mmol/L) client's laboratory values.
, MEDSURGE EXAM 3
sodium 130 mEq/L (130 mmol/L)potassium 4.6 mEq/L
(4.6 mmol/L)chloride 94 mEq/L (94 mmol/L)calcium 12.9
mg/dL (3.2 mmol/L)
What laboratory value is consistent with the client's symp-
toms?
calcium 12.9 mg/dL (3.2 mmol/L)
chloride 94 mEq/L (94 mmol/L)
potassium 4.6 mEq/L (4.6 mmol/L)
sodium 137 mEq/L (137 mmol/L)
6. 0.45% NaCl Which solution is hypotonic?
0.9% NaCl
0.45% NaCl
Lactated Ringer solution
5% NaCl
7. Urine pH of 3.0 A nurse is reviewing a report of a client's routine urinalysis.
Which value requires further investigation?
Absence of protein
Absence of glucose
Urine pH of 3.0
Specific gravity of 1.02
8. a,c,e A client was admitted to the unit with a diagnosis of hypo-
volemia. When it is time to complete discharge teaching,
which of the following will the nurse teach the client and
family? Select all that apply.
a) Respond to thirst
b) Drink carbonated beverages to help balance fluid vol-
ume.
c) Drink water as an inexpensive way to meet fluid needs.
d) Drink caffeinated beverages to retain fluid.
e) Drink at least eight glasses of fluid each day.
9. a,c,e The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with hyper-
chloremia. Which are signs and symptoms of hyper-
chloremia? Select all that apply.
a) Tachypnea
b)Hypotension
c)Weakness
1. a,b,f To confirm an acid-base imbalance, it is necessary to
assess which findings from a client's arterial blood gas
(ABG) results? Select all that apply.
a) PaCO2
b)HCO3
c)K+
d)Glucose
e)Na+
f)pH
2. a,c,d,f A nurse caring for a patient who is receiving an IV solution
via a central vein suspects the complication of an air
embolism. Which of the following are signs and symptoms
consistent with that diagnosis? Select all that apply.
a)Cyanosis
b) Hypertension
c)Tachycardia
d)Dyspnea
e) Crackles on auscultation
f) Shoulder pain
3. Parathyroid hor- The calcium concentration in the blood is regulated by
mone (PTH) which mechanism?
Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
Thyroid hormone (TH)
Androgens
Adrenal gland
4. peaked T waves A nurse is monitoring a client being evaluated who has a
potassium level of 7 mEq/L (mmol/L). Which electrocardio-
gram changes will the client display?
elevated ST segment
peaked T waves
prolonged T waves
shortened PR interval
5. calcium 12.9 A client presents with anorexia, nausea and vomiting,
mg/dL (3.2 deep bone pain, and constipation. The following are the
mmol/L) client's laboratory values.
, MEDSURGE EXAM 3
sodium 130 mEq/L (130 mmol/L)potassium 4.6 mEq/L
(4.6 mmol/L)chloride 94 mEq/L (94 mmol/L)calcium 12.9
mg/dL (3.2 mmol/L)
What laboratory value is consistent with the client's symp-
toms?
calcium 12.9 mg/dL (3.2 mmol/L)
chloride 94 mEq/L (94 mmol/L)
potassium 4.6 mEq/L (4.6 mmol/L)
sodium 137 mEq/L (137 mmol/L)
6. 0.45% NaCl Which solution is hypotonic?
0.9% NaCl
0.45% NaCl
Lactated Ringer solution
5% NaCl
7. Urine pH of 3.0 A nurse is reviewing a report of a client's routine urinalysis.
Which value requires further investigation?
Absence of protein
Absence of glucose
Urine pH of 3.0
Specific gravity of 1.02
8. a,c,e A client was admitted to the unit with a diagnosis of hypo-
volemia. When it is time to complete discharge teaching,
which of the following will the nurse teach the client and
family? Select all that apply.
a) Respond to thirst
b) Drink carbonated beverages to help balance fluid vol-
ume.
c) Drink water as an inexpensive way to meet fluid needs.
d) Drink caffeinated beverages to retain fluid.
e) Drink at least eight glasses of fluid each day.
9. a,c,e The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with hyper-
chloremia. Which are signs and symptoms of hyper-
chloremia? Select all that apply.
a) Tachypnea
b)Hypotension
c)Weakness
