NBCOT Prep OTR/COTA Questions and Answers

NBCOT Prep OTR/COTA Questions and Answers A client who has a C7 spinal cord injury has been admitted to an inpatient rehabilitation facility and is beginning OT. One of the client's goals is to be able to prepare family meals. After identifying the client's typical family mealtime routines and habits, what should the OTR do NEXT to most effectively promote progress toward the client's goal? A. Observe the client during a standardized meal preparation task. B. Assess current physical skills and abilities during a kitchen task. C. Discuss the lay-out and type of appliances in the client's home kitchen. D. Provide assistive devices typically used by clients who have quadriplegia. B. Assess current physical skills and abilities during a kitchen task. Rationale: After identifying the client's typical mealtime habits and routines, the OTR should conduct a screening by observing the client perform a kitchen task. This will assist the therapist to generate hypotheses regarding performance deficits. COTA: An inpatient had an uncomplicated total hip replacement, anterolateral approach one week ago. What movement of the affected hip is typically CONTRAINDICATED based on standard hip precautions? A. Abduction beyond 25° B. Internal rotation C. Flexion to 90° D. External rotation D. External rotation Rationale: Total hip precautions for an anterolateral approach include the following movement restrictions: hip external rotation, hip extension, crossing the operated leg over the unoperated leg, adduction of the operated leg. Previous Play Next Rewind 10 seconds Move forward 10 seconds Unmute 0:00 / 0:15 Full screen Brainpower Read More A client who has cognitive and motor deficits secondary to the onset of Huntington's disease is participating in OT. One of the client's goals is to be independent with dressing. Which intervention activity is BEST to include as part of the initial intervention plan? A. Educate the client and caregivers about methods for adapting the fasteners on the client's clothing B. Teach the client to use a sequenced checklist to mark off tasks as they are completed during dressing C. Have the client practice using a button-hook and long-handled reacher when completing dressing tasks D. Use backward chaining methods and hand-over-hand assistance to teach adapted dressing skills A. Educate the client and caregivers about methods for adapting the fasteners on the client's clothing Rationale: HD is a disorder characterized by progressive neurodegeneration. Symptoms typically include choreo-athetoid movements and alterations in behavior and cognitive functions. A client who is in the early stages of HD would most benefit from learning techniques to compensate for motor deficits COTA: A COTA is gathering information about the dressing skills of a 10-year-old child who has moderate cognitive and developmental delays secondary to autism. Which data-gathering method would provide the MOST OBJECTIVE information about the child's current dressing skills? A. Asking the parents to complete a questionnaire B. Observing the child during BADL routines C. Administering a functional independence screen D. Having the child complete a simple checklist B. Observing the child during BADL routines Rationale: B: Observation provides information about the child's actual BADL skills and abilities based on current routines. During which home maintenance tasks would symptoms related to constructional apraxia be MOST EVIDENT? A. Washing the interior sides of single pane windows B. Using a roller brush to paint an interior wall of the home C. Vacuuming floors in the main living area of the home D. Following written instructions for installing curtain rods D. Following written instructions for installing curtain rods Rationale: D: Individuals who have constructional apraxia have difficulty constructing/assembling objects; as in following instructions for installing curtain rods. A 10-year-old child has cerebral palsy with moderate athetosis and age-appropriate cognition. The child currently requires moderate assistance with BADL. One of the child's goals is to be more independent with dressing. The OTR plans to use a cognitive approach during a dressing session with this child. Which method exemplifies this approach? A.Employing a top-down approach to encourage the child to problem solve when difficulties are encountered during the dressing task B.Incorporating a bottom-up method to enable the child to learn dressing tasks in a developmentally appropriate sequence C.Allowing the child to select preferred clothing in preparation for learning an age-appropriate dressing task D.Adapting the child's clothing and teaching compensatory strategies to use during a dressing task A.Employing a top-down approach to encourage the child to problem solve when difficulties are encountered during the dressing task Rationale: "Top-down" strategies are the cornerstone of a cognitive approach. They are characterized by interventions that incorporate cognitive strategies such as problem solving to improve overall task performance. COTA: A client sustained a work-related injury resulting in paraplegia. The client now uses a manual wheelchair to maneuver within an office workstation. According to the ADA Accessibility Guidelines, which accommodation is the employer required to provide to ensure the workstation meets accessibility standards? A.Tile or low-pile carpeting in open spaces B.Space to transfer from the wheelchair to a chair C.Turning radius of at least 60 inches (152.5 cm) D.Extenders to raise the desk height to 40 inches (101.6 cm) C.Turning radius of at least 60 inches (152.5 cm) Rationale: C: According to the ADA Accessibility Guidelines, a workstation should have a clear space of 60 in (152.5 cm) diameter to allow a wheelchair to make a 180-degree turn. During an initial OT interview, a patient denies frequent cocaine use and cites a recent bonus as proof that work performance is not being negatively affected by substance use. The patient reports using cocaine only when under a deadline at work or when having to entertain business clients. The patient's account indicates a lack of insight related to which of the following performance areas? A. Leisure-time management B. Current values and interests C. Interpersonal and coping skills D. Problem-solving and ethical behavior C. Interpersonal and coping skills Rationale: Based on the patient's account, the dependence on cocaine use appears to be in direct relation to the patient's inability to manage stress appropriately. These performance areas should be addressed by developing an intervention plan that facilitates effective interpersonal and coping skill acquisition with the goal of promoting participation in all areas of occupation. COTA: A client in the mid-stage of Alzheimer's disease lives at home with a spouse as the primary caregiver. The spouse wants the client to remain at home as long as possible; despite a progressive decline in the client's cognition. What strategy should be included in the recommendations for supporting the client's aging-in-place? A. Establish a routine schedule of familiar daily activities to encourage engagement. B. Have the client use a variety of assistive devices to minimize task demands. C. Plan most activities for the morning to avoid the effects of sundowning. D. Encourage friends to visit the home to provide reality orientation activities. A. Establish a routine schedule of familiar daily activities to encourage engagement. Rationale: A: Maintaining a schedule of familiar daily activities is an effective technique for managing a client's cognitive decline while maximizing engagement in tasks.