NUR 310 Exam 2 Review Questions And 100%
Correct Answers
Chain of infection:
infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry,
susceptible host
infectious agent:
bacteria, viruses, fungi
reservoir:
dirty surfaces and equipment, soil, water, animals/insects
portal of exit:
open wounds/skin, aerosols, body fluids
mode of transmission:
contact, droplet, airborne
portal of entry:
respiratory tract, broken skin, catheters and tubes, mucous membranes,
susceptible host:
any person who's at risk
What are some factors that heighten host susceptibility to diseases?
,age, surgical procedures, immunization status, indwelling devices, underlying diseases
What are the major 3 modes of transmission?
contact, droplet, airborne
contact transmission (direct):
transmission between person to person through microorganism (ex: touching, kissing,
sexual intercourse)
contact transmission (indirect):
person to person through object or person (ex: contaminated surfaces, PPE, equipment,
poor hand hygiene)
droplet transmission:
transmission through droplets > 5 mcg (ex: coughing, sneezing, talking)
airborne transmission:
droplet transmission: droplets less than 5 mcg in size can be transmitted through the air
ex: sneezing and coughing
vector transmission:
transmission of infectious agent by insects or animals
vehicle transmission:
reservoir is some type of inanimate object food, water, air
fomite transmission:
transmission of disease via inanimate objects
Active immunity-
takes days to develop
pathogen specific
, permanent immunity
systemic
Passive immunity-
immediate
no immunologic memory
localized
after entry
infection enters the host and begins to multiply
prodromal stage:
nonspecific symptoms begin to appear (example: malaise)
acute illness period:
manifestations of disease process begins (localized and/or systemic)
decline stage:
manifestations resolve
Convalescent period:
return to healthy state ("recovery")
Describe the inflammatory response:
1. pattern receptors recognize harmful stimuli
2. inflammatory pathways are activated
3. inflammatory markers are released
4. inflammatory cells are recruited
Correct Answers
Chain of infection:
infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry,
susceptible host
infectious agent:
bacteria, viruses, fungi
reservoir:
dirty surfaces and equipment, soil, water, animals/insects
portal of exit:
open wounds/skin, aerosols, body fluids
mode of transmission:
contact, droplet, airborne
portal of entry:
respiratory tract, broken skin, catheters and tubes, mucous membranes,
susceptible host:
any person who's at risk
What are some factors that heighten host susceptibility to diseases?
,age, surgical procedures, immunization status, indwelling devices, underlying diseases
What are the major 3 modes of transmission?
contact, droplet, airborne
contact transmission (direct):
transmission between person to person through microorganism (ex: touching, kissing,
sexual intercourse)
contact transmission (indirect):
person to person through object or person (ex: contaminated surfaces, PPE, equipment,
poor hand hygiene)
droplet transmission:
transmission through droplets > 5 mcg (ex: coughing, sneezing, talking)
airborne transmission:
droplet transmission: droplets less than 5 mcg in size can be transmitted through the air
ex: sneezing and coughing
vector transmission:
transmission of infectious agent by insects or animals
vehicle transmission:
reservoir is some type of inanimate object food, water, air
fomite transmission:
transmission of disease via inanimate objects
Active immunity-
takes days to develop
pathogen specific
, permanent immunity
systemic
Passive immunity-
immediate
no immunologic memory
localized
after entry
infection enters the host and begins to multiply
prodromal stage:
nonspecific symptoms begin to appear (example: malaise)
acute illness period:
manifestations of disease process begins (localized and/or systemic)
decline stage:
manifestations resolve
Convalescent period:
return to healthy state ("recovery")
Describe the inflammatory response:
1. pattern receptors recognize harmful stimuli
2. inflammatory pathways are activated
3. inflammatory markers are released
4. inflammatory cells are recruited
