CHAPTER 21 PEDS EXAM AND
ANSWERS.
Clinical pathway. - Answers-Interdisciplinary plan of care that displays progress of the
treatment plan for a patient.
Emancipated minor. - Answers-Adolescent younger than 18 years of age who is not
longer under the parents' authority.
Regression. - Answers-Loss of an achieved level of functioning to a past level of
behavior.
Respite care. - Answers-Trained workers come to the home to relieve parents.
What age-appropriate nursing strategies are useful to prepare a 3-year-old for a
procedure? - Answers-Model the behavior desired, tell the child it is okay to yell if the
treatment or procedure is uncomfortable, and use distractions.
A child's reaction to hospitalization depends on which factors? - Answers-1. Age
2. Amount of preparation given
3. Security of home life
4. Previous hospitalizations
5. Support of staff and medical personell
6. Child's emotional health
During hospitalization, a caring and compassionate nurse can take the place of a
primary caregiver? - Answers-False.
Hospital can be a positive experience for a child. - Answers-True.
What are the 3 major stressors for children of all ages during hospitalization? -
Answers-1. Separation
2. Pain
3. Fear of bodily harm
What age is separation anxiety most pronounced in? - Answers-toddler
Protest: - Answers-Child cries continuously for "mommy".
Despair: - Answers-Child is sad and depressed.
Denial: - Answers-Child becomes interested in his or her surroundings.
, Describe three or more nonpharmacologic methods of pain reduction. - Answers-1.
Massage/back rub
2. Drawing/coloring
3. Relaxation/breathing techiques
Administration of acetaminophen in quantities exceeding the recommended maximum
daily dose can cause damage the: - Answers-Liver.
Infants and children respond differently to drugs than adults (T/F). - Answers-True.
Addiction occurs quickly in children receiving opioids for severe pain (T/F). - Answers-
False.
Children 7 years and older can be taught to use patient-controlled analgesia (T/F). -
Answers-True.
Administering analgesics on an as-needed schedule is the most effective way to relieve
a children's pain (T/F). - Answers-False.
The nurse must calculate all medication dosages to determine if they safe to administer
to the child (T/F). - Answers-True.
Define conscious sedation. - Answers-Administration of drugs to impair consciousness
but retain protective reflexes, the ability to maintain patent airway and able to respond to
verbal and physical stimuli.
What advice would a nurse give to a parent who is concerned that hospitalized toddler
was drinking from a cup and how only wants his bottle? - Answers-Guide parents to
praise appropriate behavior and ignore regression. Don't punish.
Describe three or more things the nurse can do to lessen anxiety for the parent of a
hospitalized child. - Answers-1. Provide consistency in nursing personnel assigned to
the child.
2. Be available to listen and answer questions. 3. Involve family in child's care when
appropriate.
Describe two ways the nurse can decrease siblings' anxiety when a brother or sister is
hospitalized. - Answers-1. Engage them in play or drawing pictures. 2. Support their
efforts to comfort the family member.
List five or more topics that are included in a developmental history. - Answers-1. Learn
cultural needs that may affect care 2. Communication skills3. Family relationships and
support systems4. Rituals and routines5. Personality, adaptability, coping skills
List two methods of decreasing the stress of hospitalization for an infant. - Answers-1.
Bath with toys
ANSWERS.
Clinical pathway. - Answers-Interdisciplinary plan of care that displays progress of the
treatment plan for a patient.
Emancipated minor. - Answers-Adolescent younger than 18 years of age who is not
longer under the parents' authority.
Regression. - Answers-Loss of an achieved level of functioning to a past level of
behavior.
Respite care. - Answers-Trained workers come to the home to relieve parents.
What age-appropriate nursing strategies are useful to prepare a 3-year-old for a
procedure? - Answers-Model the behavior desired, tell the child it is okay to yell if the
treatment or procedure is uncomfortable, and use distractions.
A child's reaction to hospitalization depends on which factors? - Answers-1. Age
2. Amount of preparation given
3. Security of home life
4. Previous hospitalizations
5. Support of staff and medical personell
6. Child's emotional health
During hospitalization, a caring and compassionate nurse can take the place of a
primary caregiver? - Answers-False.
Hospital can be a positive experience for a child. - Answers-True.
What are the 3 major stressors for children of all ages during hospitalization? -
Answers-1. Separation
2. Pain
3. Fear of bodily harm
What age is separation anxiety most pronounced in? - Answers-toddler
Protest: - Answers-Child cries continuously for "mommy".
Despair: - Answers-Child is sad and depressed.
Denial: - Answers-Child becomes interested in his or her surroundings.
, Describe three or more nonpharmacologic methods of pain reduction. - Answers-1.
Massage/back rub
2. Drawing/coloring
3. Relaxation/breathing techiques
Administration of acetaminophen in quantities exceeding the recommended maximum
daily dose can cause damage the: - Answers-Liver.
Infants and children respond differently to drugs than adults (T/F). - Answers-True.
Addiction occurs quickly in children receiving opioids for severe pain (T/F). - Answers-
False.
Children 7 years and older can be taught to use patient-controlled analgesia (T/F). -
Answers-True.
Administering analgesics on an as-needed schedule is the most effective way to relieve
a children's pain (T/F). - Answers-False.
The nurse must calculate all medication dosages to determine if they safe to administer
to the child (T/F). - Answers-True.
Define conscious sedation. - Answers-Administration of drugs to impair consciousness
but retain protective reflexes, the ability to maintain patent airway and able to respond to
verbal and physical stimuli.
What advice would a nurse give to a parent who is concerned that hospitalized toddler
was drinking from a cup and how only wants his bottle? - Answers-Guide parents to
praise appropriate behavior and ignore regression. Don't punish.
Describe three or more things the nurse can do to lessen anxiety for the parent of a
hospitalized child. - Answers-1. Provide consistency in nursing personnel assigned to
the child.
2. Be available to listen and answer questions. 3. Involve family in child's care when
appropriate.
Describe two ways the nurse can decrease siblings' anxiety when a brother or sister is
hospitalized. - Answers-1. Engage them in play or drawing pictures. 2. Support their
efforts to comfort the family member.
List five or more topics that are included in a developmental history. - Answers-1. Learn
cultural needs that may affect care 2. Communication skills3. Family relationships and
support systems4. Rituals and routines5. Personality, adaptability, coping skills
List two methods of decreasing the stress of hospitalization for an infant. - Answers-1.
Bath with toys
