PN PEDIATRICS FINAL REVIEW WITH
ANSWERS.
The nurse is caring for an infant born to a mother who abused cocaine during her
pregnancy. The nurse would likely notice that this infant: - Answers-cries when touched.
Four weeks before the birth of a client's already large child, the primary care provider
has told the client that if the baby gets bigger and the baby's lungs are ready, the care
provider would like to perform a cesarean birth. The woman asks the nurse what the
downside is to having a cesarean rather than a vaginal birth. What is an appropriate
response by the nurse? - Answers-"As the baby passes through the birth canal some of
the excess fluid is expelled from the lungs, if that doesn't happen there's a higher risk of
respiratory distress."
A nursing student is caring for a newborn with a defect in the neural arch where the
posterior laminae of the vertebrae have failed to close. The nurse knows that this infant
is suffering from which disorder? - Answers-Spina bifida
A nursing instructor is teaching about newborn congenital disorders and realizes that
the student needs further instruction after making which statement? - Answers-All
congenital disorders can be diagnosed at birth.
A nurse is caring for a newborn with a repaired cleft lip. What intervention can the nurse
provide to facilitate drainage of mucus and secretions to prevent aspiration? - Answers-
Position the child on the side
A nurse is caring for a child with complex esophageal atresia who will be undergoing
surgery for repair. What comment by the parents indicates further teaching is required?
- Answers-"After this surgery is done tomorrow, my baby will be able to eat and drink"
A nurse is assigned to care for a newborn with esophageal atresia. What preoperative
nursing care is the priority for this newborn? - Answers-Prevent aspiration by elevating
the head of the bed, and insert an NG tube to low suction.
What is the term for a small collection of blood that forms underneath the skull as a
result of birth trauma? - Answers-Cephalhematoma
During a clinical conference, a group of nursing students are discussing a newborn that
is large for gestational age. The instructor determines the students have successfully
differentiated the potential cause after choosing which contributing maternal factor? -
Answers-Being 30 pounds overweight before getting pregnant
,The nurse is preparing a nursing care plan for an infant who was born with spina bifida
with myelomeningocele. Which nursing goal should the nurse prioritize for this child? -
Answers-Preventing infection
It would be best to place an infant with a myelomeningocele in which position prior to
surgery? - Answers-on the stomach (prone)
A newborn is scheduled for casting to correct a talipes disorder. You would advise her
parents that the cast will extend - Answers-Above the knee
When providing care to a newborn with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), the nurse would
need to report which finding immediately? - Answers-abdomen appearing red and shiny
A nursing student has read that cleft lip is diagnosed at birth based on inspection of
physical appearance and that cleft palate is diagnosed in which way? - Answers-Feeling
the palate with a gloved finger or using a tongue blade
The nurse is teaching the parents of a newborn who was born with a high type of
imperforate anus the care the newborn will need at home after surgery. The parents
need to be aware that the newborn will require which measure temporarily? - Answers-
colostomy
Which nursing measure is most effective in reducing newborn infections? - Answers-
Maintain medical asepsis while providing care.
The nursing instructor is leading a discussion with a group of nursing students who are
analyzing the preterm infant's physiologic immaturity and the associated difficulties the
newborn and familty must deal with. The instructor determines the session is successful
when the students correctly choose which body system that presents with the most
critical concerns related to this immaturity? - Answers-The respiratory system
The nurse cares for preterm infants and assesses them for potential complications to
provide adequate countermeasures to prevent futher complications. Which complication
should the nurse prioritize and initiate proper measures to protect the newborn? -
Answers-Loss of body heat
The nurse is admitting to the nursery a newborn of a mother who continued to drink
alcohol during her pregnancy. Which finding does the nurse predict to encounter on the
newborn's assessment? - Answers-Hyperactive and irritable
The nurse is monitoring a new mother changing her newborn's diaper and notices a
musty smell to the infant's urine. Which condition should the nurse prioritize in further
assessments to rule out? - Answers-Phenylketonuria
,A preterm newborn is noted to have hypotonia, apnea, bradycardia, a bulging
fontanelle, cyanosis, and increased head circumference. These signs indicate the
newborn has which complication? - Answers-Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH)
When planning preoperative care for a newborn with a cleft lip and palate, a major need
for which the nurse would plan interventions is: - Answers-Nutrition
The nurse is checking a newborn for the presence of Ortolani and Barlow signs. For
which health problem are these assessments used? - Answers-The nurse is checking a
newborn for the presence of Ortolani and Barlow signs. For which health problem are
these assessments used?
A preterm newborn is noted to be cyanotic. Which laboratory test will the nurse prepare
the infant for to determine if the cyanosis is due to respiratory or circulatory problems? -
Answers-arterial blood gases
A preterm newborn is being monitored for potential necrotizing enterocolitis. The nurse
recognizes which factors as major pathologic mechanisms that could lead to this
complication? Select all that apply. - Answers-bowel ischemia
perinatal stressors
formula feeding
A client who gave birth 2 hours ago expresses concern about her baby developing
jaundice. Which response from the nurse would be best? - Answers-"I understand your
concern because as many as 50% of babies can develop jaundice."
A nurse working in the newborn observational unit is assigned four newborns closely
being monitored. Which newborn is at greatest risk of developing respiratory distress
syndrome? - Answers-the male preterm infant born by cesarean birth with cold stress
A ventilated 33 weeks' gestation newborn in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU)
receives surfactant therapy. Which would the nurse expect to assess as a positive
response to this therapy? - Answers-Oxygen saturation levels are at 98%.
The nurse is caring for a 22-hour-old neonate male and notes on assessment at the
beginning of the shift: Apgar score of 9, nursing without difficulty, and appeared healthy.
As the nurse's shift goes on, subsequent assessment reveals his sclera and skin have
begun to take on a yellow hue. The nurse would report this as a possible indication of
what condition? - Answers-Hemolytic disease
The nursing instructor is teaching a session on techniques which the nursing students
can use to properly address concerns of parents with children who are born with a
congenital disorder. The instructor determines the session is successful when the
students correctly choose which nursing intervention as being the most effective in
these situations? - Answers-use reflective listening and offer nonjudgmental support.
, A newborn is found to have hemolytic disease. Which combination would be found
related to the blood types of this newborn and the parents of the newborn? - Answers-
newborn who is type A, mother who is type O
Which clinical manifestation is seen in the child with hydrocephalus? - Answers-An
extremely large and rapidly growing head
Immediately after birth, the nurse is caring for a newborn with a myelomeningocele.
What intervention should the nurse provide to prevent drying out of the sac to avoid
damage? - Answers-Apply a sterile dressing moistened in a warm sterile saline solution.
The nurse assesses an infant. Which finding may indicate heart failure? - Answers-
diminished peripheral pulses
A newborn with high serum bilirubin is receiving phototherapy. Which nursing
intervention is the most appropriate for this client? - Answers-application of eye
dressings to the infant
A nurse is assigned to care for a high-risk newborn with a periventricular-intraventricular
hemorrhage (PVH-IVH) in the home environment after discharge. For which condition
should the nurse monitor the infant? - Answers-hydrocephalus
A nurse is assessing a newborn. The nurse suspects that the newborn was exposed to
drugs while in utero based on which findings? Select all that apply. - Answers-tremors
nasal flaring
frequent yawning
A pregnant woman gives birth to a small for gestational age neonate who is admitted to
the neonatal intensive care unit with seizure activity. The neonate appears to have
abnormally small eyes and a thin upper lip. The infant is noted to be microcephalic.
Based on these findings, which substance would the nurse suspect the women of using
during pregnancy? - Answers-alcohol
The nurse is caring for a pregnant woman who is struggling with controlling her
gestational diabetes mellitus. What effect does the nurse predict this situation may have
on the fetus? - Answers-Grow to an unusually large size
The nurse is working with an adult female who has PKU and desires to become
pregnant. The nurse notes on her assessment her current serum phenylalanine level is
10 mg/dL. Which instruction should the nurse prioritize for this client? - Answers-"It will
be best if you cut back on meat, fish, and dairy products before you become pregnant to
get your serum phenylalanine level down under 8 mg."
A newborn boy is diagnosed with esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula.
After the nurse provides preoperative teaching, which statement indicates that the
ANSWERS.
The nurse is caring for an infant born to a mother who abused cocaine during her
pregnancy. The nurse would likely notice that this infant: - Answers-cries when touched.
Four weeks before the birth of a client's already large child, the primary care provider
has told the client that if the baby gets bigger and the baby's lungs are ready, the care
provider would like to perform a cesarean birth. The woman asks the nurse what the
downside is to having a cesarean rather than a vaginal birth. What is an appropriate
response by the nurse? - Answers-"As the baby passes through the birth canal some of
the excess fluid is expelled from the lungs, if that doesn't happen there's a higher risk of
respiratory distress."
A nursing student is caring for a newborn with a defect in the neural arch where the
posterior laminae of the vertebrae have failed to close. The nurse knows that this infant
is suffering from which disorder? - Answers-Spina bifida
A nursing instructor is teaching about newborn congenital disorders and realizes that
the student needs further instruction after making which statement? - Answers-All
congenital disorders can be diagnosed at birth.
A nurse is caring for a newborn with a repaired cleft lip. What intervention can the nurse
provide to facilitate drainage of mucus and secretions to prevent aspiration? - Answers-
Position the child on the side
A nurse is caring for a child with complex esophageal atresia who will be undergoing
surgery for repair. What comment by the parents indicates further teaching is required?
- Answers-"After this surgery is done tomorrow, my baby will be able to eat and drink"
A nurse is assigned to care for a newborn with esophageal atresia. What preoperative
nursing care is the priority for this newborn? - Answers-Prevent aspiration by elevating
the head of the bed, and insert an NG tube to low suction.
What is the term for a small collection of blood that forms underneath the skull as a
result of birth trauma? - Answers-Cephalhematoma
During a clinical conference, a group of nursing students are discussing a newborn that
is large for gestational age. The instructor determines the students have successfully
differentiated the potential cause after choosing which contributing maternal factor? -
Answers-Being 30 pounds overweight before getting pregnant
,The nurse is preparing a nursing care plan for an infant who was born with spina bifida
with myelomeningocele. Which nursing goal should the nurse prioritize for this child? -
Answers-Preventing infection
It would be best to place an infant with a myelomeningocele in which position prior to
surgery? - Answers-on the stomach (prone)
A newborn is scheduled for casting to correct a talipes disorder. You would advise her
parents that the cast will extend - Answers-Above the knee
When providing care to a newborn with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), the nurse would
need to report which finding immediately? - Answers-abdomen appearing red and shiny
A nursing student has read that cleft lip is diagnosed at birth based on inspection of
physical appearance and that cleft palate is diagnosed in which way? - Answers-Feeling
the palate with a gloved finger or using a tongue blade
The nurse is teaching the parents of a newborn who was born with a high type of
imperforate anus the care the newborn will need at home after surgery. The parents
need to be aware that the newborn will require which measure temporarily? - Answers-
colostomy
Which nursing measure is most effective in reducing newborn infections? - Answers-
Maintain medical asepsis while providing care.
The nursing instructor is leading a discussion with a group of nursing students who are
analyzing the preterm infant's physiologic immaturity and the associated difficulties the
newborn and familty must deal with. The instructor determines the session is successful
when the students correctly choose which body system that presents with the most
critical concerns related to this immaturity? - Answers-The respiratory system
The nurse cares for preterm infants and assesses them for potential complications to
provide adequate countermeasures to prevent futher complications. Which complication
should the nurse prioritize and initiate proper measures to protect the newborn? -
Answers-Loss of body heat
The nurse is admitting to the nursery a newborn of a mother who continued to drink
alcohol during her pregnancy. Which finding does the nurse predict to encounter on the
newborn's assessment? - Answers-Hyperactive and irritable
The nurse is monitoring a new mother changing her newborn's diaper and notices a
musty smell to the infant's urine. Which condition should the nurse prioritize in further
assessments to rule out? - Answers-Phenylketonuria
,A preterm newborn is noted to have hypotonia, apnea, bradycardia, a bulging
fontanelle, cyanosis, and increased head circumference. These signs indicate the
newborn has which complication? - Answers-Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH)
When planning preoperative care for a newborn with a cleft lip and palate, a major need
for which the nurse would plan interventions is: - Answers-Nutrition
The nurse is checking a newborn for the presence of Ortolani and Barlow signs. For
which health problem are these assessments used? - Answers-The nurse is checking a
newborn for the presence of Ortolani and Barlow signs. For which health problem are
these assessments used?
A preterm newborn is noted to be cyanotic. Which laboratory test will the nurse prepare
the infant for to determine if the cyanosis is due to respiratory or circulatory problems? -
Answers-arterial blood gases
A preterm newborn is being monitored for potential necrotizing enterocolitis. The nurse
recognizes which factors as major pathologic mechanisms that could lead to this
complication? Select all that apply. - Answers-bowel ischemia
perinatal stressors
formula feeding
A client who gave birth 2 hours ago expresses concern about her baby developing
jaundice. Which response from the nurse would be best? - Answers-"I understand your
concern because as many as 50% of babies can develop jaundice."
A nurse working in the newborn observational unit is assigned four newborns closely
being monitored. Which newborn is at greatest risk of developing respiratory distress
syndrome? - Answers-the male preterm infant born by cesarean birth with cold stress
A ventilated 33 weeks' gestation newborn in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU)
receives surfactant therapy. Which would the nurse expect to assess as a positive
response to this therapy? - Answers-Oxygen saturation levels are at 98%.
The nurse is caring for a 22-hour-old neonate male and notes on assessment at the
beginning of the shift: Apgar score of 9, nursing without difficulty, and appeared healthy.
As the nurse's shift goes on, subsequent assessment reveals his sclera and skin have
begun to take on a yellow hue. The nurse would report this as a possible indication of
what condition? - Answers-Hemolytic disease
The nursing instructor is teaching a session on techniques which the nursing students
can use to properly address concerns of parents with children who are born with a
congenital disorder. The instructor determines the session is successful when the
students correctly choose which nursing intervention as being the most effective in
these situations? - Answers-use reflective listening and offer nonjudgmental support.
, A newborn is found to have hemolytic disease. Which combination would be found
related to the blood types of this newborn and the parents of the newborn? - Answers-
newborn who is type A, mother who is type O
Which clinical manifestation is seen in the child with hydrocephalus? - Answers-An
extremely large and rapidly growing head
Immediately after birth, the nurse is caring for a newborn with a myelomeningocele.
What intervention should the nurse provide to prevent drying out of the sac to avoid
damage? - Answers-Apply a sterile dressing moistened in a warm sterile saline solution.
The nurse assesses an infant. Which finding may indicate heart failure? - Answers-
diminished peripheral pulses
A newborn with high serum bilirubin is receiving phototherapy. Which nursing
intervention is the most appropriate for this client? - Answers-application of eye
dressings to the infant
A nurse is assigned to care for a high-risk newborn with a periventricular-intraventricular
hemorrhage (PVH-IVH) in the home environment after discharge. For which condition
should the nurse monitor the infant? - Answers-hydrocephalus
A nurse is assessing a newborn. The nurse suspects that the newborn was exposed to
drugs while in utero based on which findings? Select all that apply. - Answers-tremors
nasal flaring
frequent yawning
A pregnant woman gives birth to a small for gestational age neonate who is admitted to
the neonatal intensive care unit with seizure activity. The neonate appears to have
abnormally small eyes and a thin upper lip. The infant is noted to be microcephalic.
Based on these findings, which substance would the nurse suspect the women of using
during pregnancy? - Answers-alcohol
The nurse is caring for a pregnant woman who is struggling with controlling her
gestational diabetes mellitus. What effect does the nurse predict this situation may have
on the fetus? - Answers-Grow to an unusually large size
The nurse is working with an adult female who has PKU and desires to become
pregnant. The nurse notes on her assessment her current serum phenylalanine level is
10 mg/dL. Which instruction should the nurse prioritize for this client? - Answers-"It will
be best if you cut back on meat, fish, and dairy products before you become pregnant to
get your serum phenylalanine level down under 8 mg."
A newborn boy is diagnosed with esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula.
After the nurse provides preoperative teaching, which statement indicates that the
