Exam (elaborations) NURS 221

"-pril"️️Medications in the antihypertensive ACE-inhibitors class have what kind of ending? Hypertension, Heart failure, Myocardial infarction, Insulin resistance️️What are antihypertensive ACE-inhibitors used to treat? Kidneys️️ACE inhibitors are protective of what organ? Hyperkalemia, Dry cough, Angioedema️️What are some side effects/adverse reactions of antihypertensive ACE-inhibitors? Angioedema️️ACE-inhibitors are the #1 class of medication that causes what? Discontinuing the K+ supplement️️If a patient is taking a K+ supplement and an antihypertensive ACE-inhibitor, what should the nurse/provider recommend? They do not cause dry cough/angioedema/hyperkalemia️️Antihypertensive Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs) are similar to ACE-inhibitors except for what? "-sartan"️️What ending do ARBs have? Losartan (Cozaar), Olmesartan (Benicar)️️What are two medications in the ARBs class? Block the release of aldosterone, Promote excretion of sodium/water, Retain potassium️️Aldosterone antagonists do what? Hyperkalemia️️What is a side effect of aldosterone antagonists? Spironolactone (Aldactone)️️What aldosterone antagonist reduces testosterone? Loop diuretics, Thiazide diuretics, Potassium-sparing diuretics️️What are the three types of antihypertensive diuretics? Potassium️️What do loop diuretics and thiazide diuretics not spare? Potassium supplement️️Since loop diuretics and thiazide diuretics do not spare potassium, what should be taken in tandem with these medications? Anuric️️Diuretics should never be given if a patient is completely what? Congestive heart failure, Hypertension, Acute/Chronic renal failure️️What are some clinical indications for antihypertensive diuretics? Furosemide (Lasix)️️What medication is an antihypertensive loop diuretic? Spironolactone (Aldactone)️️What medication is a potassium-sparing diuretic? Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ, HydroDiuril, Esidrix)️️What medication is a thiazide diuretic? Ototoxicity️️Furosemide may cause what? Hypokalemia, Orthostatic hypotension️️What are some side effects/adverse reactions for loop and thiazide diuretics? Hyperkalemia️️What is a side effect/adverse reaction to potassium-sparing diuretics? Digitalis️️What medication does not play well with loop diuretics? Mannitol (Osmitrol)️️What medication is used to bring down intracranial pressure? Classic angina (Exertional angina)️️What kind of angina is usually associated with coronary atherosclerosis, can be precipitated by cold/exertion/stress, and is characterized by pain that lasts for 15 minutes then disappears? Unstable angina (Crescendo or Pre-infarction angina)️️What kind of angina is progressive, more frequent, and severe? Variant angina (Prinzmetal's or Vasospastic angina)️️What kind of angina is associated with probable spasms of the coronary arteries, occurs at rest, and usually follows a regular pattern? Nitrates️️What kind of medication is used to treat angina pectoris and PVD and causes vasodilation? Nitroglycerin️️What medication is sensitive to light and must be kept in amber bags? Headache️️What is the most common complaint for people taking nitroglycerin? 3️️How many doses of nitroglycerin can be given before calling 911? 8-12 hours️️The "nitrate free" period should be how long? Head injury️️You should be cautious with what condition when administering nitroglycerin? Erectile dysfunction medications️️What kind of medication should be avoided when taking