PEDIATRIC NURSING EXAM AND
ANSWERS.1
Infant: Erikson Stage - Answers-trust vs mistrust
Toddler: Erikson Stage - Answers-autonomy vs shame
Preschooler: Erikson Stage - Answers-initiative vs guilt
School Ager: Erickson Stage - Answers-industry vs inferiority
Adolescent: Erikson Stage - Answers-ego identity vs roll confusion
What is the major goal of pediatric nursing? - Answers-To improve the quality of
healthcare for children and their families
Pediatric nursing involves the practice of ___________ health care. - Answers-
preventative
An infant who is 6 months of age should have ________ his or her body weight -
Answers-doubled
In which state of nutrition is lead-poisoning worse? - Answers-Anemia
Motor development of a normal 6-month old. - Answers-Can transfer objects from one
hand to another
By _________ to ______ months of age, head control is well established. - Answers-4
to 6
Blood-lead level of < 5 - Answers-reassess or rescreen 1 year, unless exposure status
changes
Blood-lead level > 70 - Answers-IMMEDIATELY provide medical treatment and begin
coordination of care, clinical management, environmental investigation, and lead hazard
control
What is Chelation therapy? - Answers-use of a chemical compound that combines with
the metal poisoning for rapid and safe excretion
What two agents have been used for chelation therapy? - Answers-calcium disodium
edetate (IM) and succimer (19 day oral tx)
,What are important nursing interventions with chelation therapy? - Answers-- renal,
hepatic, and hematologic patterns should be monitored
- adequate hydration is essential because chelates are excreted via the kidney
The infant is in Erikson's stage of developing a sense of trust. What are the crucial
elements for achievement of this task? - Answers-Infant needs care, familiarity, comfort
and nourishment. Consistency and responsiveness is essential for trust development
How are chelation agents administered? - Answers-Deeply into large muscle mass
How can a nurse decrease the amount of pain of chelation therapy (injections)? -
Answers-- Distraction
- local anesthetic
-
Separation anxiety begins between ________ and __________ months. - Answers-4
and 8
What are the infant's first means of verbal communication? - Answers-crying
At what age can an infant ascribe meaning to a word? - Answers-10 or 11 months
For infants, stimulation (in the form of play) is as important for ___________ growth as
food is for biological growth. - Answers-cognitive
What is the cut-off for putting an infant on their back to sleep? - Answers-1 year
To prevent SIDs, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that healthy infants
be placed in the __________ position to sleep. - Answers-supine; "on their backs"
Some studies have found that _______________ in infants is a protective factor against
the occurrence of SIDS. - Answers-immunizations
What period of time defines toddlerhood? - Answers-12 to 36 months
The toddler has a less well-developed abdominal musculature and short legs, giving
him or her a(n) ____________ appearance. - Answers-Potbellied
If a mom is breastfeeding, how long should she wait to introduce the pacifier? -
Answers-3-4 weeks
T or F: The respiratory and heart rates and the blood pressure increase during the
toddler years. - Answers-False
One of the prominent changes in the GI system during the toddler period is the
voluntary control of _______________. - Answers-Elimination
, What has help reduce the risk of plagiocephaly (flattened skull) in infants? - Answers-
Tummy Time
The physiologic ability to control the sphincters probably occurs between ages
_________ and __________ months. - Answers-18 and 24
The major cause of death for children over the age of 1 year is _______. - Answers-
unintentional injuries/accidents
Negativism (toddlers) - Answers-The attempt by children to express their will by saying
"no"
Ritualism (toddlers) - Answers-The need to provide sameness and normality in the
toddler's environment
T or F: Preschoolers increasingly use language without comprehending the meaning of
words, particularly concepts of left and right, casualty, and time. - Answers-True
The preschool years range from ______ to ______ years of age. - Answers-3 to 5 yrs
According to Piaget, ________ becomes the child's way of understanding, adjusting to,
and working out life's experiences. - Answers-Play
Why are preschoolers' thinking is often magical? - Answers-Because of their
egocentrism and transductive reasoning; they believe their thoughts are all powerful
Why are young children especially vulnerable to stress? - Answers-limited capacity to
cope
What action should parents take if the exact quantity or type of ingested toxin is not
known? - Answers-Call poison control/contact emergency services
List the 3 principles of emergency treatment following the ingestion of toxin agents. -
Answers-1. Assessment
2. Gastric Decontamination
3. Prevention of Reoccurrence
What is the first and most important principle in dealing with a poisoning? - Answers-
Treat the patient, not the poison
____________ is no longer recommended for immediate treatment of poison ingestion.
- Answers-Ipecac; it induces vomiting which could lead to aspiration
Why are young children at risk for lead poisoning? - Answers-High level of hand-to-
mouth activity
ANSWERS.1
Infant: Erikson Stage - Answers-trust vs mistrust
Toddler: Erikson Stage - Answers-autonomy vs shame
Preschooler: Erikson Stage - Answers-initiative vs guilt
School Ager: Erickson Stage - Answers-industry vs inferiority
Adolescent: Erikson Stage - Answers-ego identity vs roll confusion
What is the major goal of pediatric nursing? - Answers-To improve the quality of
healthcare for children and their families
Pediatric nursing involves the practice of ___________ health care. - Answers-
preventative
An infant who is 6 months of age should have ________ his or her body weight -
Answers-doubled
In which state of nutrition is lead-poisoning worse? - Answers-Anemia
Motor development of a normal 6-month old. - Answers-Can transfer objects from one
hand to another
By _________ to ______ months of age, head control is well established. - Answers-4
to 6
Blood-lead level of < 5 - Answers-reassess or rescreen 1 year, unless exposure status
changes
Blood-lead level > 70 - Answers-IMMEDIATELY provide medical treatment and begin
coordination of care, clinical management, environmental investigation, and lead hazard
control
What is Chelation therapy? - Answers-use of a chemical compound that combines with
the metal poisoning for rapid and safe excretion
What two agents have been used for chelation therapy? - Answers-calcium disodium
edetate (IM) and succimer (19 day oral tx)
,What are important nursing interventions with chelation therapy? - Answers-- renal,
hepatic, and hematologic patterns should be monitored
- adequate hydration is essential because chelates are excreted via the kidney
The infant is in Erikson's stage of developing a sense of trust. What are the crucial
elements for achievement of this task? - Answers-Infant needs care, familiarity, comfort
and nourishment. Consistency and responsiveness is essential for trust development
How are chelation agents administered? - Answers-Deeply into large muscle mass
How can a nurse decrease the amount of pain of chelation therapy (injections)? -
Answers-- Distraction
- local anesthetic
-
Separation anxiety begins between ________ and __________ months. - Answers-4
and 8
What are the infant's first means of verbal communication? - Answers-crying
At what age can an infant ascribe meaning to a word? - Answers-10 or 11 months
For infants, stimulation (in the form of play) is as important for ___________ growth as
food is for biological growth. - Answers-cognitive
What is the cut-off for putting an infant on their back to sleep? - Answers-1 year
To prevent SIDs, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that healthy infants
be placed in the __________ position to sleep. - Answers-supine; "on their backs"
Some studies have found that _______________ in infants is a protective factor against
the occurrence of SIDS. - Answers-immunizations
What period of time defines toddlerhood? - Answers-12 to 36 months
The toddler has a less well-developed abdominal musculature and short legs, giving
him or her a(n) ____________ appearance. - Answers-Potbellied
If a mom is breastfeeding, how long should she wait to introduce the pacifier? -
Answers-3-4 weeks
T or F: The respiratory and heart rates and the blood pressure increase during the
toddler years. - Answers-False
One of the prominent changes in the GI system during the toddler period is the
voluntary control of _______________. - Answers-Elimination
, What has help reduce the risk of plagiocephaly (flattened skull) in infants? - Answers-
Tummy Time
The physiologic ability to control the sphincters probably occurs between ages
_________ and __________ months. - Answers-18 and 24
The major cause of death for children over the age of 1 year is _______. - Answers-
unintentional injuries/accidents
Negativism (toddlers) - Answers-The attempt by children to express their will by saying
"no"
Ritualism (toddlers) - Answers-The need to provide sameness and normality in the
toddler's environment
T or F: Preschoolers increasingly use language without comprehending the meaning of
words, particularly concepts of left and right, casualty, and time. - Answers-True
The preschool years range from ______ to ______ years of age. - Answers-3 to 5 yrs
According to Piaget, ________ becomes the child's way of understanding, adjusting to,
and working out life's experiences. - Answers-Play
Why are preschoolers' thinking is often magical? - Answers-Because of their
egocentrism and transductive reasoning; they believe their thoughts are all powerful
Why are young children especially vulnerable to stress? - Answers-limited capacity to
cope
What action should parents take if the exact quantity or type of ingested toxin is not
known? - Answers-Call poison control/contact emergency services
List the 3 principles of emergency treatment following the ingestion of toxin agents. -
Answers-1. Assessment
2. Gastric Decontamination
3. Prevention of Reoccurrence
What is the first and most important principle in dealing with a poisoning? - Answers-
Treat the patient, not the poison
____________ is no longer recommended for immediate treatment of poison ingestion.
- Answers-Ipecac; it induces vomiting which could lead to aspiration
Why are young children at risk for lead poisoning? - Answers-High level of hand-to-
mouth activity
