CSD 115 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS (GRADED A)
reduplication - ANSWER-repeating a syllable or part of a syllable to produce a
word
final consonant deletion - ANSWER-leaving the final consonant off the end of
the syllable. ex: cvc => cv
consonant cluster simplification - ANSWER-reducing the number of
consonants in a string of consonants
stopping - ANSWER-producing a stop instead of a fricative
fronting - ANSWER-producing a sound made in the front of the mouth
(alveolar ridge) instead
gliding of liquids - ANSWER-
,apraxia - ANSWER-This adult has speech sound errors due to damage to the
motor programming part of the brain (Broca's area). His speech contains
sound errors that vary with each production. He may also have difficulty
performing non-speech tasks like sticking out his tongue or licking his lips.
phonological disorder - ANSWER-Child produces many speech sound errors
which make him very difficult to understand. His errors aren't random
though; they reflect patterns or processes he uses to simplify adult speech.
schema - ANSWER-a concept, mental category, or cognitive structure
assimilation - ANSWER-cognitive process whereby a person includes a new
stimulus into an existing schema
pinker - ANSWER-semantic bootstrapping: based on a child's general idea of
what an object is vs an action is
prelinguistics stage - ANSWER-birth - one year old. cooing / babbling.
receptive: 30-50 words. no expressive language. child directed speech
(motherese)
, first words stage - ANSWER-1-2 years old. phonological processes. receptive:
500 words. expressive: 250 words. behavior related to books. protowords.
accommodation - ANSWER-developing new schema to allow for the
organization of stimuli that do not fit into existing schemata
dysarthria - ANSWER-Person's sound errors are the result of a weakness of
the muscles responsible for speech. May affect any aspect of the speech
process (articulation, phonation, respiration, resonation). This is the result of
a neurological problem.
articulation disorder - ANSWER-Child produces a small number of
misarticulations. He is likely easy to understand.
childhood apraxia - ANSWER-This child is highly unintelligible and produces
multiple errors. His errors increase as the word gets longer. He also has
difficulty sequencing sounds.
nurturist - ANSWER-believe that is the environment which shapes and
influences human behavior. learned.
AND ANSWERS (GRADED A)
reduplication - ANSWER-repeating a syllable or part of a syllable to produce a
word
final consonant deletion - ANSWER-leaving the final consonant off the end of
the syllable. ex: cvc => cv
consonant cluster simplification - ANSWER-reducing the number of
consonants in a string of consonants
stopping - ANSWER-producing a stop instead of a fricative
fronting - ANSWER-producing a sound made in the front of the mouth
(alveolar ridge) instead
gliding of liquids - ANSWER-
,apraxia - ANSWER-This adult has speech sound errors due to damage to the
motor programming part of the brain (Broca's area). His speech contains
sound errors that vary with each production. He may also have difficulty
performing non-speech tasks like sticking out his tongue or licking his lips.
phonological disorder - ANSWER-Child produces many speech sound errors
which make him very difficult to understand. His errors aren't random
though; they reflect patterns or processes he uses to simplify adult speech.
schema - ANSWER-a concept, mental category, or cognitive structure
assimilation - ANSWER-cognitive process whereby a person includes a new
stimulus into an existing schema
pinker - ANSWER-semantic bootstrapping: based on a child's general idea of
what an object is vs an action is
prelinguistics stage - ANSWER-birth - one year old. cooing / babbling.
receptive: 30-50 words. no expressive language. child directed speech
(motherese)
, first words stage - ANSWER-1-2 years old. phonological processes. receptive:
500 words. expressive: 250 words. behavior related to books. protowords.
accommodation - ANSWER-developing new schema to allow for the
organization of stimuli that do not fit into existing schemata
dysarthria - ANSWER-Person's sound errors are the result of a weakness of
the muscles responsible for speech. May affect any aspect of the speech
process (articulation, phonation, respiration, resonation). This is the result of
a neurological problem.
articulation disorder - ANSWER-Child produces a small number of
misarticulations. He is likely easy to understand.
childhood apraxia - ANSWER-This child is highly unintelligible and produces
multiple errors. His errors increase as the word gets longer. He also has
difficulty sequencing sounds.
nurturist - ANSWER-believe that is the environment which shapes and
influences human behavior. learned.
