Honors Biology Final Exam Review
UPDATED Exam Questions and
CORRECT Answers
dominant allele - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔An allele whose trait always shows up in the
organism when the allele is present in traits that show complete dominance (represented by a
capital letter)
recessive allele - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔An allele that is masked when a dominant allele
is present in traits that show complete dominance (represented by a lower case letter)
Allele - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Different forms of a gene
Gene - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔A segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a
specific trait
sex-linked traits - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Traits controlled by genes located on sex
chromosomes (we specifically studied X-linked when the gene is located on the X
chromosome)
Hemophilia - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔An X-linked recessive disorder in which blood fails
to clot properly, leading to excessive bleeding if injured.
Homozygous - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔An organism that has two identical alleles for a
trait
Heterozygous (hybrid) - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔An organism that has two different
alleles for a trait
Gregor Mendel - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Augustinian monk and botanist whose
experiments in breeding garden peas led to his eventual recognition as founder of the science
of genetics (1822-1884)
, Law of Segregation - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Mendel's law that states that the pairs of
homologous chromosomes separate in meiosis so that only one chromosome from each pair
is present in each gamete
Law of Independent Assortment - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔the law that states that genes
separate independently of one another in meiosis
complete dominance - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔a relationship in which one allele is
completely dominant over another
incomplete dominance - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔A pattern of inheritance in which two
alleles, inherited from the parents, are neither dominant nor recessive. The resulting offspring
have a phenotype that is a blending of the parental traits.
Codominance - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔A condition in which both alleles for a gene are
fully expressed
multiple alleles - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔three or more forms of a gene that code for a
single trait
polygenic inheritance - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔combined effect of two or more genes on
a single character
universal donor blood type - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔O negative; has no antigens on its
cell surface
universal recipient blood type - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔AB positive; has no antibodies in
its plasma
monohybrid cross - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔A cross between individuals that involves one
pair of contrasting traits
dihybrid cross - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔A cross between two individuals, concentrating
on two definable traits
UPDATED Exam Questions and
CORRECT Answers
dominant allele - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔An allele whose trait always shows up in the
organism when the allele is present in traits that show complete dominance (represented by a
capital letter)
recessive allele - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔An allele that is masked when a dominant allele
is present in traits that show complete dominance (represented by a lower case letter)
Allele - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Different forms of a gene
Gene - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔A segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a
specific trait
sex-linked traits - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Traits controlled by genes located on sex
chromosomes (we specifically studied X-linked when the gene is located on the X
chromosome)
Hemophilia - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔An X-linked recessive disorder in which blood fails
to clot properly, leading to excessive bleeding if injured.
Homozygous - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔An organism that has two identical alleles for a
trait
Heterozygous (hybrid) - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔An organism that has two different
alleles for a trait
Gregor Mendel - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Augustinian monk and botanist whose
experiments in breeding garden peas led to his eventual recognition as founder of the science
of genetics (1822-1884)
, Law of Segregation - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Mendel's law that states that the pairs of
homologous chromosomes separate in meiosis so that only one chromosome from each pair
is present in each gamete
Law of Independent Assortment - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔the law that states that genes
separate independently of one another in meiosis
complete dominance - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔a relationship in which one allele is
completely dominant over another
incomplete dominance - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔A pattern of inheritance in which two
alleles, inherited from the parents, are neither dominant nor recessive. The resulting offspring
have a phenotype that is a blending of the parental traits.
Codominance - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔A condition in which both alleles for a gene are
fully expressed
multiple alleles - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔three or more forms of a gene that code for a
single trait
polygenic inheritance - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔combined effect of two or more genes on
a single character
universal donor blood type - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔O negative; has no antigens on its
cell surface
universal recipient blood type - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔AB positive; has no antibodies in
its plasma
monohybrid cross - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔A cross between individuals that involves one
pair of contrasting traits
dihybrid cross - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔A cross between two individuals, concentrating
on two definable traits
