PNB 2250 Core Temperature Regulation Latest Study
Guide Rated A+
Large animals ANS heat is lost and gained slowly so on a hot day the animal never deviates
much from core temperature
-Doesn't need to replace heat as quickly
-only needs to eat 25% of body weight
Small animals ANS -Heat is gained and lost quickly
- Has to eat as much as 4 times the body weight each day to maintain heat
Dinosaurs ANS Core temperature ranged from 32-43 degrees celsius
Were able to keep core temperature above environmental temperature
-endothermy or gigantothermy
-Reached the reproductive competency prior to adult size- like reptiles
Dinosaurs continued ANS Many dinosaurs had feathers
--> helped regulate core temperature
-Likely homeothermic if with wings
- No wings= ecto/heterotherm
-feathers evolved scales
Factors that affect core temperature ANS -Environment- Heat loss/gain via conduction,
convection or radiation (aquatic vs. terrestrial)
-Tissue placement- Heat throughout an animal body is not consistent--> affected by distance from
surface, blood flow
Counter-current ANS - The arrangement of blood vessels within the periphery of the body can
dramatically save heat loss or prevent heat gain
-Veins/arteries are parallel and next to each other
, Specific Heat capacity ANS Amount of heat required to raise the temperature of raise the kg of
any substance 1 degree
-k= energy (joules)/mass (change in temperature)
-K is the ability of materials to transfer heat
-Materials vary in the amount of heat required to change their core temperature
Specific heat capacity continued ANS •A higher ! is an indication of the rapid transfer of
heat
•Materials with low ! are effective insulators
◦ Feathers, fat, skin
•k can be changed by
reducing blood flow to the
skin surface, posture (fetal
position), changing skin,
hair in feather coloration
Peripheral Vasodilation ANS -Blood vessels carry heat from within and out the surface
-If the blood vessels are prevented from bringing blood to the surface- decreases heat loss
External factors ANS -feathers, scales, skin thickness etc.
-environment, season activity
affects Hcr, Hr, and He
K is increased by ANS -skin color (dark colors)
- swimming
K is decreased by ANS -feather lubrication with oil (reducing water collection)
-Fluffing feathers
Guide Rated A+
Large animals ANS heat is lost and gained slowly so on a hot day the animal never deviates
much from core temperature
-Doesn't need to replace heat as quickly
-only needs to eat 25% of body weight
Small animals ANS -Heat is gained and lost quickly
- Has to eat as much as 4 times the body weight each day to maintain heat
Dinosaurs ANS Core temperature ranged from 32-43 degrees celsius
Were able to keep core temperature above environmental temperature
-endothermy or gigantothermy
-Reached the reproductive competency prior to adult size- like reptiles
Dinosaurs continued ANS Many dinosaurs had feathers
--> helped regulate core temperature
-Likely homeothermic if with wings
- No wings= ecto/heterotherm
-feathers evolved scales
Factors that affect core temperature ANS -Environment- Heat loss/gain via conduction,
convection or radiation (aquatic vs. terrestrial)
-Tissue placement- Heat throughout an animal body is not consistent--> affected by distance from
surface, blood flow
Counter-current ANS - The arrangement of blood vessels within the periphery of the body can
dramatically save heat loss or prevent heat gain
-Veins/arteries are parallel and next to each other
, Specific Heat capacity ANS Amount of heat required to raise the temperature of raise the kg of
any substance 1 degree
-k= energy (joules)/mass (change in temperature)
-K is the ability of materials to transfer heat
-Materials vary in the amount of heat required to change their core temperature
Specific heat capacity continued ANS •A higher ! is an indication of the rapid transfer of
heat
•Materials with low ! are effective insulators
◦ Feathers, fat, skin
•k can be changed by
reducing blood flow to the
skin surface, posture (fetal
position), changing skin,
hair in feather coloration
Peripheral Vasodilation ANS -Blood vessels carry heat from within and out the surface
-If the blood vessels are prevented from bringing blood to the surface- decreases heat loss
External factors ANS -feathers, scales, skin thickness etc.
-environment, season activity
affects Hcr, Hr, and He
K is increased by ANS -skin color (dark colors)
- swimming
K is decreased by ANS -feather lubrication with oil (reducing water collection)
-Fluffing feathers
