NUR 3145 Exam 3 Verified Study Solutions With
Latest Solutions
Thiazide Diuretics i.e. *chlorothiazide*
Side effects: hypokalemia, hyponatremia, hypotension
Adverse effects: syncope, fall when position changing, muscle weakness, blurred vision
Before and After: K levels (hold if low), check apical pulse for a full min, electrolyte levels
Patient teaching: hypokalemia=weakness, cramping
*normal potassium level: 3.5-5.0
High-Ceiling (Loop) Diuretics i.e. *furosemide*
Side effects: H20, K, Na, and Ca loss in urine, orthostatic hypotension
Adverse: syncope, fall when changing positions, irregular heart rhythms may occur, *ototoxicity*
(elderly), *hyperglycemia*
Before and after: always check electrolyte levels, other ototoxic drugs, give potassium supplements if
ordered, monitor for *hearing loss*
Potassium-Sparing Diuretics i.e. *Spironolactone triamterene*
Heart Failure
Side effects: orthostatic hypotension, hyponatremia
Adverse effects: *hyperkalemia*, development of dysrhythmia
Monitor for hyperkalemia*
Urinary antispasmodics (Drugs for Overactive bladder) i.e. *Oxybutynin tolterodine*
Intended responses: decreased urinary frequency, urgency, and incontinence, ACH antagonists
Side effects: Dry mouth and eyes*, constipation, headache (parasympathetic system blocked)
Adverse effects: chest pain, irregular heart rate, dyspnea, edema, weight gain,
confusion/hallucinations, not able to sweat (temp up fast)
Before and after: vitals, assess for edema, history of liver or kidney disease, daily weights
, Drugs for BPH Intended response: decrease in pressure; improve urine flow, decreased BPH
symptoms
Before Admin: rule out cancer, sulfa allergies, monitor for orthostatic hypotension
DHT inhibitors i.e. *finasteride*
Side effects: decreased libido
Adverse effects: adversely affects other hormonal or sexual tissues
*Teratogenic*
Selective alpha-1 blockers i.e. *tamsulosin*
Side effects: hypotension and decreased libido
Adverse effects: many complex drug interactions
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors i.e. *enalopril* "-pril"
*Given in combination with diuretics
Intended Responses: vasodilation, lower BP, decreased workload of heart
Side effects: hypotension, *hyperkalemia*
*persistent dry cough*- may require patient to ARB drugs
Adverse effects: fever/chills, hoarseness, Angioedema, dyspnea, dysphagia, yellow eyes or skin
(jaundice)
*Class D/X in pregnancy*
Before and after: BP, K levels, *avoid salt substitutes*
Angiotensin II Receptors Blockers i.e. *losartan*
Intended response same as ACE, but slightly different action, *fewer side effects*
*Does not have ACE dry cough*
Side effects: hyperkalemia, diarrhea, hypotension
Adverse effects: rare but include kidney failure and angioedema
Latest Solutions
Thiazide Diuretics i.e. *chlorothiazide*
Side effects: hypokalemia, hyponatremia, hypotension
Adverse effects: syncope, fall when position changing, muscle weakness, blurred vision
Before and After: K levels (hold if low), check apical pulse for a full min, electrolyte levels
Patient teaching: hypokalemia=weakness, cramping
*normal potassium level: 3.5-5.0
High-Ceiling (Loop) Diuretics i.e. *furosemide*
Side effects: H20, K, Na, and Ca loss in urine, orthostatic hypotension
Adverse: syncope, fall when changing positions, irregular heart rhythms may occur, *ototoxicity*
(elderly), *hyperglycemia*
Before and after: always check electrolyte levels, other ototoxic drugs, give potassium supplements if
ordered, monitor for *hearing loss*
Potassium-Sparing Diuretics i.e. *Spironolactone triamterene*
Heart Failure
Side effects: orthostatic hypotension, hyponatremia
Adverse effects: *hyperkalemia*, development of dysrhythmia
Monitor for hyperkalemia*
Urinary antispasmodics (Drugs for Overactive bladder) i.e. *Oxybutynin tolterodine*
Intended responses: decreased urinary frequency, urgency, and incontinence, ACH antagonists
Side effects: Dry mouth and eyes*, constipation, headache (parasympathetic system blocked)
Adverse effects: chest pain, irregular heart rate, dyspnea, edema, weight gain,
confusion/hallucinations, not able to sweat (temp up fast)
Before and after: vitals, assess for edema, history of liver or kidney disease, daily weights
, Drugs for BPH Intended response: decrease in pressure; improve urine flow, decreased BPH
symptoms
Before Admin: rule out cancer, sulfa allergies, monitor for orthostatic hypotension
DHT inhibitors i.e. *finasteride*
Side effects: decreased libido
Adverse effects: adversely affects other hormonal or sexual tissues
*Teratogenic*
Selective alpha-1 blockers i.e. *tamsulosin*
Side effects: hypotension and decreased libido
Adverse effects: many complex drug interactions
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors i.e. *enalopril* "-pril"
*Given in combination with diuretics
Intended Responses: vasodilation, lower BP, decreased workload of heart
Side effects: hypotension, *hyperkalemia*
*persistent dry cough*- may require patient to ARB drugs
Adverse effects: fever/chills, hoarseness, Angioedema, dyspnea, dysphagia, yellow eyes or skin
(jaundice)
*Class D/X in pregnancy*
Before and after: BP, K levels, *avoid salt substitutes*
Angiotensin II Receptors Blockers i.e. *losartan*
Intended response same as ACE, but slightly different action, *fewer side effects*
*Does not have ACE dry cough*
Side effects: hyperkalemia, diarrhea, hypotension
Adverse effects: rare but include kidney failure and angioedema
