Nsg 530 / Nsg530 Advanced Pathophysiology Exam 2. Questions And Answers. Latest Version. Rated A.

A patient with a diagnosis of aplastic anemia has undergone allogenic bone marrow transplantation. Which of the following signs and symptoms would most clearly suggest the existence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)? Presence of a pruritic rash that has begun to slough off A patient has developed pericarditis after developing acute glomerulonephritis, a development that may be attributable to the presence of similar epitopes on group A, hemolytic streptococci and the antigens in the patient’s heart tissue. Which of the following has most likely accounted for this patient’s autoimmune response? molecular mimicry A 70-year-old female patient has had her mobility and independence significantly reduced by rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following processes likely contributed to the development of her health problem? Correct Answer: failure of normal self-tolerance Which of the following would constitute a normal assessment finding in a neonate? Correct Answer: minimal or absent levels of IgA and IgM A patient was diagnosed as HIV positive several years ago. Which of the following blood tests is most clinically useful for determining the stage and severity of her disease? Correct Answer: CD4+ cell counts A patient has been admitted to the hospital for the treatment of HIV infection, which has recently progressed to overt AIDS. Which of the following nursing actions should the nurse prioritize when providing care for this patient? Correct Answer: astute infection control and respiratory assessments Shortly after being diagnosed with HIV, a patient has begun highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). What is the primary goal of the patients drug regimen? To slow the progression of the disease When a patient asks the nurse what hypersensitivity is, how should the nurse respond? Hypersensitivity is best defined as: An excessive or inappropriate response of the immune system to a sensitizing antigen A 5-year-old female takes a hike through the woods during a school field trip. Upon returning home, she hugs her father, and he later develops poison ivy. Which of the following immune reactions is he experiencing? cell-mediated When the maternal immune system becomes sensitized against antigens expressed by the fetus, what type of immune reaction occurs? Correct Answer: Alloimmune While planning care, a nurse recalls seasonal allergic rhinitis is expressed through: Correct Answer: IgE-mediated reactions A patient presents with poison ivy on the extremities, face, and buttocks. This condition is an example of: A 10-year-old male is stung by a bee while playing in the yard. He begins itching and develops pain, swelling, redness, and respiratory difficulties. He is suffering from: When a patient presents at the emergency department for an allergic reaction, the nurse recognizes the most severe consequence of a type I hypersensitivity reaction is: When histamine is released in the body, which of the following responses would the nurse expect? Which information would indicate more teaching is needed regarding hypersensitivity reactions? Type*** hypersensitivity reactions involve an antibody response. A 10-year-old male presents to his primary care provider reporting wheezing and difficulty breathing. History reveals that both of the childs parents suffer from allergies. Which of the following terms would be used to classify the child? A 30-year-old female presents to her primary care provider reporting fatigue, excessive sweating, and increased appetite. Physical examination reveals protruding eyes, and laboratory testing reveals hyperthyroidism secondary to autoantibody production. This disorder falls into the category of type*** hypersensitivity. A 30-year-old male is having difficulty breathing and has been spitting blood. He reports that he began experiencing this reaction after cleaning his pigeons cages. Testing reveals he is suffering from allergic alveolitis. Which of the following is he experiencing? A nurse recalls an example of an immune-complex-mediated disease is: Several prisoners are experiencing symptoms of tuberculosis. A tuberculin reaction test was ordered. This test is an example of type*** hypersensitivity When a nurse cares for a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the nurse remembers this disease is an example of: A 30-year-old female complains of fatigue, arthritis, rash, and changes in urine color. Laboratory testing reveals anemia, lymphopenia, and kidney inflammation. Assuming a diagnosis of SLE, which of the following is also likely to be present? A 40-year-old female is diagnosed with SLE. Which of the following findings would be considered a symptom of this disease? What is the chance that two siblings share both HLA haplotypes, making them a good match for an organ transplant from one to the other? When a nurse notices that a patient has type O blood, the nurse realizes that anti- ***** antibodies are present in the patients body. In addition to matching ABO antigens, a blood transfusion must also be matched for: A 15-year-old male suffers from severe hemorrhage following a motor vehicle accident. He is given a blood transfusion, but shortly afterward the red blood cells are destroyed by agglutination and lysis. Which of the following blood type-transfusion type matches would cause this? When an immunologist teaches about the relationship that benefits the organism but causes no harm to the host, the immunologist is describing which of the following? The microorganisms that make up the normal human flora are important for: When bacterial pathogens enter a patients body, they can defend themselves from an immune response by: A person is given an attenuated antigen as a vaccine. When the person asks what was given in the vaccine, how should the nurse respond? The antigen is: An immunologist is discussing endotoxin production. Which information should the immunologist include? Endotoxins are produced by: A 5-year-old male becomes ill with a severe cough. Histologic examination reveals a bacterial infection, and further laboratory testing reveals cell membrane damage and decreased protein synthesis. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this illness? A 50-year-old female experiences decreased blood pressure, decreased oxygen delivery, cardiovascular shock, and subsequent death. A complication of endotoxic shock is suspected. Which of the following is the most likely cause? After studying about viruses, which information indicates the student has a good understanding of viruses? Viruses: A patient has chicken pox. How does the varicella replicate? A 25-year-old female reports having unprotected sexual intercourse with several men. Blood tests reveal that she is positive for human papillomavirus. What else should the nurse assess for? After studying about fungi, which information indicates a correct understanding of fungi? Fungi causing deep or systemic infections: When trying to distinguish between an infectious disease and noninfectious disease, what is the hallmark symptom for most infectious diseases? Which information indicates a correct understanding of viral vaccines? Most viral vaccines contain: Which information indicates a good understanding of bacterial vaccines? Most bacterial vaccines contain: A nurse recalls bacteria become resistant to antimicrobials by: What common symptom should be assessed in individuals with immunodeficiency?