LATG - Ch. 17 - Anesthesia and
Analgesia questions answered correctly
Pain reflex ANS -When pain is sensed,The sensory neuron detects and transmits to a motor neuron,
resulting in movement away from pain.
Analgesia ANS -Pain alleviation
General anesthesia ANS -4 stages based on degree of depression to CNS
Stage 1: Voluntary movement
Stage 2: Delirium or involuntary movement. Anxiety
Stage 3: surgical anesthesia - light, medium, deep
Stage 4: Extreme CNS depression
Stage 1 - Voluntary movement ANS -Typically from initial administration until anesthetic loss of
consciousness
Animal may become excited & fear/anxiety heightened
Stage 2 - Delirium or involuntary movement ANS -From loss of conciousness until regular breathing
Loses voluntary control, do not stimulate,
*Intubation not possible*
Stage 3 - Surgical anesthesia ANS -characterized by muscle relaxation
Appropriate depth for precedures & nonresponsive
*trachea can now be intubated*
Stage 3 Light Plane Anesthesia ANS -Sufficient for chemical immobilization during non-painful
procedures
,*Insufficient for surgery*
can eyeball movement & skeletal muscle reflex responses
Stage 3 Medium Plane Anesthesia ANS -*Suitable for most surgical procedures*
Respiration and pulse are stable
Most reflexes are abolished.
Stage 3 Deep Plane Anesthesia ANS -*Might be required for surgical procedures*
Veterinarian should closely monitor
Respiration deeply depressed,
breathing via diaphragm movement, not ribcage.
Ventilator is usually used
Stage 4 - Extreme CNS Depression ANS -Due to overdose of anesthetic, results in respiratory and
circulatory failure.
Death occurs if animal not resuscitated.
Phases of Anesthesia Administration ANS -Introduction - administer to awake animal (get to stage 3
fast and smoothly)
Maintenance - keep evenly and safely in stage 3
Recovery - Stop anesthetic admin & use reversal drug
Anesthesia Plan ANS -Assure that all supplies necessary are present & prepare response plan for
emergency situations (resuscitation)
Preanesthetic assessment ANS -For LA: Exam & blood sample
For SA: Physical exam
, Animals should be weighed prior to anesthesia for calc
Presurgical fasting ANS -*Allow access to water ad libitum*
Necessary for animal able to vomit (prevents apirating on vomit).
Necessary for Guinea pigs (residual food in pharynx)
Rodents & Rabbits - 3-4hrs sufficient, *remove feces*
Intravenous anesthetics ANS -Should be given to effect (IV is the quickest intake)
Administer continuously until reaches stage needed.
Preanesthetics ANS -One or more drugs given before anesthesia for:
Sedation/tranquilization (*reduce anesth. needed*)
Analgesic effect
*Anticholinerics block acetylcholine to prevent heart rate reduction or excessive saliva*
Common anesthesia agents used in labs ANS -Xylazine
Acepromazine
Ketamine
Phenothiazine Tranquilizers ANS -Acepromazine maleate (acetylpromazine) - calming
Chloropromazine
*Not an analgesic*
In rodents :
5-10m through IP/IM.
15-30m through SC.
Analgesia questions answered correctly
Pain reflex ANS -When pain is sensed,The sensory neuron detects and transmits to a motor neuron,
resulting in movement away from pain.
Analgesia ANS -Pain alleviation
General anesthesia ANS -4 stages based on degree of depression to CNS
Stage 1: Voluntary movement
Stage 2: Delirium or involuntary movement. Anxiety
Stage 3: surgical anesthesia - light, medium, deep
Stage 4: Extreme CNS depression
Stage 1 - Voluntary movement ANS -Typically from initial administration until anesthetic loss of
consciousness
Animal may become excited & fear/anxiety heightened
Stage 2 - Delirium or involuntary movement ANS -From loss of conciousness until regular breathing
Loses voluntary control, do not stimulate,
*Intubation not possible*
Stage 3 - Surgical anesthesia ANS -characterized by muscle relaxation
Appropriate depth for precedures & nonresponsive
*trachea can now be intubated*
Stage 3 Light Plane Anesthesia ANS -Sufficient for chemical immobilization during non-painful
procedures
,*Insufficient for surgery*
can eyeball movement & skeletal muscle reflex responses
Stage 3 Medium Plane Anesthesia ANS -*Suitable for most surgical procedures*
Respiration and pulse are stable
Most reflexes are abolished.
Stage 3 Deep Plane Anesthesia ANS -*Might be required for surgical procedures*
Veterinarian should closely monitor
Respiration deeply depressed,
breathing via diaphragm movement, not ribcage.
Ventilator is usually used
Stage 4 - Extreme CNS Depression ANS -Due to overdose of anesthetic, results in respiratory and
circulatory failure.
Death occurs if animal not resuscitated.
Phases of Anesthesia Administration ANS -Introduction - administer to awake animal (get to stage 3
fast and smoothly)
Maintenance - keep evenly and safely in stage 3
Recovery - Stop anesthetic admin & use reversal drug
Anesthesia Plan ANS -Assure that all supplies necessary are present & prepare response plan for
emergency situations (resuscitation)
Preanesthetic assessment ANS -For LA: Exam & blood sample
For SA: Physical exam
, Animals should be weighed prior to anesthesia for calc
Presurgical fasting ANS -*Allow access to water ad libitum*
Necessary for animal able to vomit (prevents apirating on vomit).
Necessary for Guinea pigs (residual food in pharynx)
Rodents & Rabbits - 3-4hrs sufficient, *remove feces*
Intravenous anesthetics ANS -Should be given to effect (IV is the quickest intake)
Administer continuously until reaches stage needed.
Preanesthetics ANS -One or more drugs given before anesthesia for:
Sedation/tranquilization (*reduce anesth. needed*)
Analgesic effect
*Anticholinerics block acetylcholine to prevent heart rate reduction or excessive saliva*
Common anesthesia agents used in labs ANS -Xylazine
Acepromazine
Ketamine
Phenothiazine Tranquilizers ANS -Acepromazine maleate (acetylpromazine) - calming
Chloropromazine
*Not an analgesic*
In rodents :
5-10m through IP/IM.
15-30m through SC.
