NURS 234- Exam #5 Questions And Correct Answers
A+ Graded
immunity present at birth and includes biochemical, physical and mechanical barriers of
defense plus the inflammatory response - ANSWER innate immunity/natural immunity
immunity received passively from mother's antibodies, from animal serum or from
antibodies formed in response to disease - ANSWER acquired immunity
produces active acquired immunity - ANSWER immunizations
this type of response provides protection against acute, rapidly developing bacterial
and viral infections, immediate - ANSWER humoral response
this kind of response is active against slowly developing bacterial infections and is also
involved in autoimmune responses. - ANSWER cellular response
retrovirus that integrates into the CD4 lymphocytes - ANSWER HIV
directs immunity and controls all immune system cellular activity - ANSWER CD4+
lymphocytes
compromise of CD4+ lymphocytes leads to what - ANSWER severe immunodeficiency
opportunistic infections
malignancies
is considered a chronic disorder of impaired immunity - ANSWER HIV
,higher incident rates of HIV occur in what type of groups - ANSWER minority groups
changes the CD4+ T cell role and its immune system defenses - ANSWER HIV infection
in early infection before HIV disease is evident, the immune system does what -
ANSWER attaches and destroys most of the newly created virus particles
what occurs to the CD4+ T cell count and viral load in the course of an untreated HIV
infection - ANS CD4+ cell declines
viral load increases
what usually causes the death of HIV/AIDS patient - ANS opportunistic infections
what s/s do you experience at stage 1 (acute infection phase) of HIV - ANS flu-like
symptom
how long does it take for flu like s/s take to show after acquiring the virus - ANS 2-4
weeks
the chronic infection stage following acute infection may be for decades long and
diagnosis and meds start here. ANS: clinical latency stage, stage 2
AIDS happens at what level of CD4 count? ANS: 200 cells/mm3
What happens to CD4 count and viral load if the patient is medicated compliant? ANS:
CD4 count increases
Viral load decreases
,if a patient is HIV positive and is of a 100,000 viral load and a CD4 count of 275, what
needs done - ANSWER find out if they are compliant with meds
can a woman breastfeed if she is HIV - ANSWER no
we are able to detect HIV with a viral load as low as what - ANSWER 20
how to prevent HIV - ANSWER avoid unprotected sex
abstinence
be faithful
use condom
SP within healthcare
the higher this is-the greater the risk for sexual and perinatal transmission - ANSWER
blood level of HIV
who should take PreEP - ANSWER people with risky sexual behavior
people with HIV+ partner
what drugs are used for PreEP - ANSWER Truvada PO
Discovy PO
if a patient is taking PreEP medications how often do they need renal function tests -
ANSWER every 3 months
PreEp medications should be avoided in what patients - ANSWER those with Hep B
what situations would we need to treat patients for HIV exposure - ANSWER dirty needle
sticks
sexual assault victims
how long do we have to administer postexposure HIV prophylaxis after exposure -
, ANSWER 72 hours
what are the 3 drugs used for postexposure HIV prophylaxis - ANSWER tenofovir
emtricitabine
raltegravir
for how long does a patient remain on postexposure prophylaxis after exposure to HIV -
ANSWER 28 days
personal lifestyle issues that impact the acceleration/course of HIV - ANSWER stress
nutrition status
presence of STDs
frequent re-infection with HIV
how often does a client who is at a high risk for exposure to HIV get tested - ANSWER
yearly
when should a client who is considered at a low risk for HIV exposure be tested -
ANSWER once between the ages 15-65
what type of CBC is done to test for HIV - ANS CBC with differential
this test measures RNA particles in 1 mL of blood - ANS viral load testing
can determine the presence of antibodies to HIV in the blood or salvia - ANS Elisa
if an Elisa test is positive, what needs done - ANS Western Blot Test
a confirmatory test for HIV - ANS Western Blot Test
A+ Graded
immunity present at birth and includes biochemical, physical and mechanical barriers of
defense plus the inflammatory response - ANSWER innate immunity/natural immunity
immunity received passively from mother's antibodies, from animal serum or from
antibodies formed in response to disease - ANSWER acquired immunity
produces active acquired immunity - ANSWER immunizations
this type of response provides protection against acute, rapidly developing bacterial
and viral infections, immediate - ANSWER humoral response
this kind of response is active against slowly developing bacterial infections and is also
involved in autoimmune responses. - ANSWER cellular response
retrovirus that integrates into the CD4 lymphocytes - ANSWER HIV
directs immunity and controls all immune system cellular activity - ANSWER CD4+
lymphocytes
compromise of CD4+ lymphocytes leads to what - ANSWER severe immunodeficiency
opportunistic infections
malignancies
is considered a chronic disorder of impaired immunity - ANSWER HIV
,higher incident rates of HIV occur in what type of groups - ANSWER minority groups
changes the CD4+ T cell role and its immune system defenses - ANSWER HIV infection
in early infection before HIV disease is evident, the immune system does what -
ANSWER attaches and destroys most of the newly created virus particles
what occurs to the CD4+ T cell count and viral load in the course of an untreated HIV
infection - ANS CD4+ cell declines
viral load increases
what usually causes the death of HIV/AIDS patient - ANS opportunistic infections
what s/s do you experience at stage 1 (acute infection phase) of HIV - ANS flu-like
symptom
how long does it take for flu like s/s take to show after acquiring the virus - ANS 2-4
weeks
the chronic infection stage following acute infection may be for decades long and
diagnosis and meds start here. ANS: clinical latency stage, stage 2
AIDS happens at what level of CD4 count? ANS: 200 cells/mm3
What happens to CD4 count and viral load if the patient is medicated compliant? ANS:
CD4 count increases
Viral load decreases
,if a patient is HIV positive and is of a 100,000 viral load and a CD4 count of 275, what
needs done - ANSWER find out if they are compliant with meds
can a woman breastfeed if she is HIV - ANSWER no
we are able to detect HIV with a viral load as low as what - ANSWER 20
how to prevent HIV - ANSWER avoid unprotected sex
abstinence
be faithful
use condom
SP within healthcare
the higher this is-the greater the risk for sexual and perinatal transmission - ANSWER
blood level of HIV
who should take PreEP - ANSWER people with risky sexual behavior
people with HIV+ partner
what drugs are used for PreEP - ANSWER Truvada PO
Discovy PO
if a patient is taking PreEP medications how often do they need renal function tests -
ANSWER every 3 months
PreEp medications should be avoided in what patients - ANSWER those with Hep B
what situations would we need to treat patients for HIV exposure - ANSWER dirty needle
sticks
sexual assault victims
how long do we have to administer postexposure HIV prophylaxis after exposure -
, ANSWER 72 hours
what are the 3 drugs used for postexposure HIV prophylaxis - ANSWER tenofovir
emtricitabine
raltegravir
for how long does a patient remain on postexposure prophylaxis after exposure to HIV -
ANSWER 28 days
personal lifestyle issues that impact the acceleration/course of HIV - ANSWER stress
nutrition status
presence of STDs
frequent re-infection with HIV
how often does a client who is at a high risk for exposure to HIV get tested - ANSWER
yearly
when should a client who is considered at a low risk for HIV exposure be tested -
ANSWER once between the ages 15-65
what type of CBC is done to test for HIV - ANS CBC with differential
this test measures RNA particles in 1 mL of blood - ANS viral load testing
can determine the presence of antibodies to HIV in the blood or salvia - ANS Elisa
if an Elisa test is positive, what needs done - ANS Western Blot Test
a confirmatory test for HIV - ANS Western Blot Test
