MNG Exam
"Big Five" personality factors - Answer -Personality
Dimensions
Extroversion
Outgoing, talkative, sociable, assertive
Agreeableness
Trusting, good-natured, cooperative, soft-hearted
Conscientiousness
Dependable, responsible, achievement-oriented, persistent
Emotional stability
Relaxed, secure, unworried
Openness to Experience
Intellectual, imaginative, curious
Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory - Answer -
Self-efficacy - Answer -
Internal vs external locus of control - Answer -
Fundamental attribution error (bias) - Answer -•People attribute another person's behavior to his or her
personal characteristics rather than to situational factors.
,Self-serving bias - Answer -•People tend to take more personal responsibility for success than for failure.
Halo effect - Answer -•Forming an impression of an individual based on a single trait.
•"One trait tells me all I need to know."
Equity theory by Dr. Stacy Adams - Answer -
Herzberg's Two-Factor theory of motivation - Answer -
Five Sources of Power - Answer -
Four behavior reinforcement tools (positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, punishment, and
extinction) - Answer -
Motivation - Answer -The psychological processes that arouse and direct goal-directed behavior.
Extrinsic rewards - Answer -Payoff a person receives from others for performing a particular task.
Intrinsic rewards - Answer -Satisfaction a person receives from performing the particular task itself.
Personality - Answer -The stable psychological traits and behavioral attributes that give a person his or
her identity.
Extroversion - Answer -Outgoing, talkative, sociable, assertive
Agreeableness - Answer -Trusting, good-natured, cooperative, soft-hearted
Conscientiousness - Answer -Dependable, responsible, achievement-oriented, persistent
, Emotional stability - Answer -Relaxed, secure, unworried
Openness to Experience - Answer -Intellectual, imaginative, curious
Core self-evaluation - Answer -Represents a broad personality trait comprising four positive individual
traits.
1.Self-efficacy
2.Self-esteem
3.Locus of control
4.Emotional stability
Self-efficacy - Answer -Belief in one's ability to do a task.
Generalized self-efficacy - Answer -•Represents individuals' perceptions of their ability to perform across
a variety of different situations.
•Career readiness competency desired by employers.
Assign jobs accordingly. - Answer -Complex, challenging, and autonomous jobs tend to enhance people's
perceptions of their self-efficacy. Boring, tedious jobs generally do the opposite.
Develop self-efficacy. - Answer -Self-efficacy is a quality that can be nurtured. Employees with low self-
efficacy need lots of constructive pointers and positive feedback. Goal difficulty needs to match
individuals' perceived self-efficacy, but goals can be made more challenging as performance improves.
Small successes need to be rewarded. Employees' expectations can be improved through guided
experiences, mentoring, and role modeling.
Self-esteem - Answer -The extent to which people like or dislike themselves.
High self-esteem: - Answer -more apt to handle failure better, emphasize the positive and to take more
risks.
"Big Five" personality factors - Answer -Personality
Dimensions
Extroversion
Outgoing, talkative, sociable, assertive
Agreeableness
Trusting, good-natured, cooperative, soft-hearted
Conscientiousness
Dependable, responsible, achievement-oriented, persistent
Emotional stability
Relaxed, secure, unworried
Openness to Experience
Intellectual, imaginative, curious
Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory - Answer -
Self-efficacy - Answer -
Internal vs external locus of control - Answer -
Fundamental attribution error (bias) - Answer -•People attribute another person's behavior to his or her
personal characteristics rather than to situational factors.
,Self-serving bias - Answer -•People tend to take more personal responsibility for success than for failure.
Halo effect - Answer -•Forming an impression of an individual based on a single trait.
•"One trait tells me all I need to know."
Equity theory by Dr. Stacy Adams - Answer -
Herzberg's Two-Factor theory of motivation - Answer -
Five Sources of Power - Answer -
Four behavior reinforcement tools (positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, punishment, and
extinction) - Answer -
Motivation - Answer -The psychological processes that arouse and direct goal-directed behavior.
Extrinsic rewards - Answer -Payoff a person receives from others for performing a particular task.
Intrinsic rewards - Answer -Satisfaction a person receives from performing the particular task itself.
Personality - Answer -The stable psychological traits and behavioral attributes that give a person his or
her identity.
Extroversion - Answer -Outgoing, talkative, sociable, assertive
Agreeableness - Answer -Trusting, good-natured, cooperative, soft-hearted
Conscientiousness - Answer -Dependable, responsible, achievement-oriented, persistent
, Emotional stability - Answer -Relaxed, secure, unworried
Openness to Experience - Answer -Intellectual, imaginative, curious
Core self-evaluation - Answer -Represents a broad personality trait comprising four positive individual
traits.
1.Self-efficacy
2.Self-esteem
3.Locus of control
4.Emotional stability
Self-efficacy - Answer -Belief in one's ability to do a task.
Generalized self-efficacy - Answer -•Represents individuals' perceptions of their ability to perform across
a variety of different situations.
•Career readiness competency desired by employers.
Assign jobs accordingly. - Answer -Complex, challenging, and autonomous jobs tend to enhance people's
perceptions of their self-efficacy. Boring, tedious jobs generally do the opposite.
Develop self-efficacy. - Answer -Self-efficacy is a quality that can be nurtured. Employees with low self-
efficacy need lots of constructive pointers and positive feedback. Goal difficulty needs to match
individuals' perceived self-efficacy, but goals can be made more challenging as performance improves.
Small successes need to be rewarded. Employees' expectations can be improved through guided
experiences, mentoring, and role modeling.
Self-esteem - Answer -The extent to which people like or dislike themselves.
High self-esteem: - Answer -more apt to handle failure better, emphasize the positive and to take more
risks.
