CBN Exam 2 Questions And 100% Correct Answers
What are some methods that you could use if you wanted cell-type specificity, along with
quantitative analysis? -ANSWER TRAP, translating ribosome affinity purification
What are the 4 symptoms of major depressive disorder highlighted in class? Or just any
4 from the slides. It's not that deep. -ANSWER - Anhedonia, loss of interest/pleasure
- Weight loss/gain
- Insomnia or hypersomnia
- Restlessness or lethargy
How are two ways to test for anhedonia in mice? - Anhedonia Sucrose preference test
Effort-related decision making
How might you test for despair or helplessness in mice? - Depression Forced swim test
Why aren't weight loss/gain, sleep disturbances, and locomotor activity typically used in
studies of depression in mice? - Because its very difficult to reliably establish them as
symptoms of depression specifically as opposed to a confounding cause
What behavior is exhibited, during the forced swim test that said to be indicative of
despair? - ANSWER Immobility
In the forced swim test, how does antidepressants affect time spent immobile? -
ANSWER Trick question! They all appear to work differently.
E.g.
Desipramine "worked" in 75% of strains
Fluoxetine "worked" in 25% of strains
, If, in an experimental design, mice show no preference for sucrose water over regular
water, what might this tell you? - ANSWER The mice are showing signs of anhedonia
highlighted by their loss of interest in an otherwise universally pleasurable stimulus.
How might an effort-related decision making task indicate whether a mouse may be
exhibiting signs of anhedonia? - ANSWER Whether it chooses the high reward + high
work option
Explain the 5-HT deficiency hypothesis. -ANSWER Too little serotonin causes
depression
Explain the neurogenesis hypothesis of depression. -ANSWER Impaired neurogenesis
produces depression
Explain the neuroendocrine hypothesis. -ANSWER Depression is a result of excessive
activation of the HPA axis.
Explain the neuroinflammatory hypothesis. -ANSWER The excessive inflammation of the
brain results in depression.
There are numerous "wiring" hypotheses of depression. They postulate that depression
results from hyperactivity in the following ways. Name two brain regions associated with
a "wiring" hypothesis. - ANSWER - The lateral habenula
- Subgenual anterior cingulate cortex
Why is the 5-HT deficiency hypothesis problematic? - ANSWER No evidence exists that
directly shows that 5-HT deficiency exists in individuals with depression. It can't be
tested in humans either.
What is the 5-HT synthesis gene? -ANSWER Tryptophan hydroxylase (Tph)
What are some methods that you could use if you wanted cell-type specificity, along with
quantitative analysis? -ANSWER TRAP, translating ribosome affinity purification
What are the 4 symptoms of major depressive disorder highlighted in class? Or just any
4 from the slides. It's not that deep. -ANSWER - Anhedonia, loss of interest/pleasure
- Weight loss/gain
- Insomnia or hypersomnia
- Restlessness or lethargy
How are two ways to test for anhedonia in mice? - Anhedonia Sucrose preference test
Effort-related decision making
How might you test for despair or helplessness in mice? - Depression Forced swim test
Why aren't weight loss/gain, sleep disturbances, and locomotor activity typically used in
studies of depression in mice? - Because its very difficult to reliably establish them as
symptoms of depression specifically as opposed to a confounding cause
What behavior is exhibited, during the forced swim test that said to be indicative of
despair? - ANSWER Immobility
In the forced swim test, how does antidepressants affect time spent immobile? -
ANSWER Trick question! They all appear to work differently.
E.g.
Desipramine "worked" in 75% of strains
Fluoxetine "worked" in 25% of strains
, If, in an experimental design, mice show no preference for sucrose water over regular
water, what might this tell you? - ANSWER The mice are showing signs of anhedonia
highlighted by their loss of interest in an otherwise universally pleasurable stimulus.
How might an effort-related decision making task indicate whether a mouse may be
exhibiting signs of anhedonia? - ANSWER Whether it chooses the high reward + high
work option
Explain the 5-HT deficiency hypothesis. -ANSWER Too little serotonin causes
depression
Explain the neurogenesis hypothesis of depression. -ANSWER Impaired neurogenesis
produces depression
Explain the neuroendocrine hypothesis. -ANSWER Depression is a result of excessive
activation of the HPA axis.
Explain the neuroinflammatory hypothesis. -ANSWER The excessive inflammation of the
brain results in depression.
There are numerous "wiring" hypotheses of depression. They postulate that depression
results from hyperactivity in the following ways. Name two brain regions associated with
a "wiring" hypothesis. - ANSWER - The lateral habenula
- Subgenual anterior cingulate cortex
Why is the 5-HT deficiency hypothesis problematic? - ANSWER No evidence exists that
directly shows that 5-HT deficiency exists in individuals with depression. It can't be
tested in humans either.
What is the 5-HT synthesis gene? -ANSWER Tryptophan hydroxylase (Tph)
