BIO 2100 Exam #1 with correct answers
Describe |the |various |functions |of |proteins. |- |correct |answer |--transport
-storage
-defense |(antibodies)
-communication
-movement
-enzymatic
-gene |expression
-structure
Describe |the |effect |of |pH |on |protein |structure |- |correct |answer |--will |lead |to |the |ionization |of |amino |
acids, |thus |changing |the |shape |and |structure |of |proteins
if |pH |decreases |the |overall |charge |becomes |more |positive |because |the |carboxyl |groups |will |accept |
excess |protons
Describe |the |effect |of |pH |on |protein |function |- |correct |answer |--when |the |structure |is |altering |due |to
|the |ionization |of |amino |acids, |the |function |is |damaged |and |possibly |denatured
Define |monomer |- |correct |answer |-single |subunit
Define |residue |- |correct |answer |-monomers |when |they |are |part |of |a |polymer
Define |polymer |- |correct |answer |-many |monomers |linked |together
Define |peptide |- |correct |answer |-two |or |more |amino |acids |bonded |together |(shorter |polymer)
Define |polypeptide |chain |- |correct |answer |-single, |unbranched |chain |of |amino |acids |(full |length |chain)
Define |a |protein |- |correct |answer |-fully |functional |molecule |composed |of |one |or |several |polypeptides
, Define |hydrolysis |- |correct |answer |-breaking |down |a |polymer |with |water
What |is |one |main |purpose |of |hydrolysis |in |regards |to |proteins? |- |correct |answer |-breaks |down |a |
protein |when |it |is |no |longer |needed |so |the |amino |acids |can |be |reused
Define |a |condensation/dehydration |reaction |- |correct |answer |-synthesizing |a |polymer |with |the |use |of |
a |water |molecule
Describe |the |typical |location |of |hydrophobic |amino |acids |within |a |protein. |- |correct |answer |-on |the |
interior |of |the |protein
Describe |the |typical |location |of |hydrophilic |amino |acids |within |a |protein. |- |correct |answer |-on |the |
exterior |of |the |protein
Describe |the |role |of |chaperone |proteins. |- |correct |answer |-proteins |that |assist |the |conformational |
folding |or |unfolding |and |the |assembly |or |disassembly |of |other |macromolecules
What |is |meant |by |primary |structure |of |a |protein? |- |correct |answer |-sequence |of |amino |acids |in |a |
polypeptide |chain
What |is |meant |by |secondary |structure |of |a |protein? |- |correct |answer |-local |regions |of |a |polypeptide |
that |adopt |a |common |structure
What |type |of |bonds |stabilize |the |secondary |structure |of |a |protein? |- |correct |answer |-Hydrogen |bonds
What |are |the |two |types |of |secondary |structure? |- |correct |answer |-alpha |helix |and |beta |pleated |sheet
How |are |R |groups |oriented |in |an |alpha |helix? |- |correct |answer |-pointed |outward |in |order |not |to |
disrupt |the |alpha |helix |structure
How |are |R |groups |oriented |in |a |beta |pleated |sheet? |- |correct |answer |-alternate |up |and |down
Describe |the |various |functions |of |proteins. |- |correct |answer |--transport
-storage
-defense |(antibodies)
-communication
-movement
-enzymatic
-gene |expression
-structure
Describe |the |effect |of |pH |on |protein |structure |- |correct |answer |--will |lead |to |the |ionization |of |amino |
acids, |thus |changing |the |shape |and |structure |of |proteins
if |pH |decreases |the |overall |charge |becomes |more |positive |because |the |carboxyl |groups |will |accept |
excess |protons
Describe |the |effect |of |pH |on |protein |function |- |correct |answer |--when |the |structure |is |altering |due |to
|the |ionization |of |amino |acids, |the |function |is |damaged |and |possibly |denatured
Define |monomer |- |correct |answer |-single |subunit
Define |residue |- |correct |answer |-monomers |when |they |are |part |of |a |polymer
Define |polymer |- |correct |answer |-many |monomers |linked |together
Define |peptide |- |correct |answer |-two |or |more |amino |acids |bonded |together |(shorter |polymer)
Define |polypeptide |chain |- |correct |answer |-single, |unbranched |chain |of |amino |acids |(full |length |chain)
Define |a |protein |- |correct |answer |-fully |functional |molecule |composed |of |one |or |several |polypeptides
, Define |hydrolysis |- |correct |answer |-breaking |down |a |polymer |with |water
What |is |one |main |purpose |of |hydrolysis |in |regards |to |proteins? |- |correct |answer |-breaks |down |a |
protein |when |it |is |no |longer |needed |so |the |amino |acids |can |be |reused
Define |a |condensation/dehydration |reaction |- |correct |answer |-synthesizing |a |polymer |with |the |use |of |
a |water |molecule
Describe |the |typical |location |of |hydrophobic |amino |acids |within |a |protein. |- |correct |answer |-on |the |
interior |of |the |protein
Describe |the |typical |location |of |hydrophilic |amino |acids |within |a |protein. |- |correct |answer |-on |the |
exterior |of |the |protein
Describe |the |role |of |chaperone |proteins. |- |correct |answer |-proteins |that |assist |the |conformational |
folding |or |unfolding |and |the |assembly |or |disassembly |of |other |macromolecules
What |is |meant |by |primary |structure |of |a |protein? |- |correct |answer |-sequence |of |amino |acids |in |a |
polypeptide |chain
What |is |meant |by |secondary |structure |of |a |protein? |- |correct |answer |-local |regions |of |a |polypeptide |
that |adopt |a |common |structure
What |type |of |bonds |stabilize |the |secondary |structure |of |a |protein? |- |correct |answer |-Hydrogen |bonds
What |are |the |two |types |of |secondary |structure? |- |correct |answer |-alpha |helix |and |beta |pleated |sheet
How |are |R |groups |oriented |in |an |alpha |helix? |- |correct |answer |-pointed |outward |in |order |not |to |
disrupt |the |alpha |helix |structure
How |are |R |groups |oriented |in |a |beta |pleated |sheet? |- |correct |answer |-alternate |up |and |down
