Anxiolytic: Benzodiazepines: Used for alcohol withdrawal, skeletal spasms, or
preoperative sedation, SHORT TERM, highly addictive -
Xanax - Alprazolam
Ativan – Lorazapam
Librium - Chloriazepoxide
Non-Benzodiazepine
BuSpar- Buspar - - Avoid alcohol and grapefruit juice, safe for people w/
addictions
Antidepressants: Atypical
Wellbutrin – Bupropion – helps w/ smoking cessation Selective Serotonin
Reuptake Inhibitors
(SSRI) - General Information Blocks the reuptake of Serotonin.
Zoloft - Sertaline
Prozac – Fluoxetine – Prozac and Lexapro are kid friendly!☺
Paxil – Paroxetine
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor (MAOI) Antidepressants - for Depression not often
used
Nardil - Phenelzine - No TYRAMINE!☠
Parnate – Tranylcypromine - No TYRAMINE!☠
NO OTC drugs (cold remedies), evaluate for suicidal tendencies, AVOID TYRAMINE
rich foods [fermented meats, cured fish, all cheeses, Chianti (red) wine, soy sauce,
ripe avocados]. Pt. should AVOID chocolate and caffeine too.
Mood Stabilizer
Lithium – Lithate, Eskalith watch! serum level (0.6 – 1.5)☠ toxicity
Depakote – Valporic Acid
Tegretol – Carbamazpine
Atypical Antipsychotic Medications - Paranoia, hallucinations, aggression, and
agitation
Clozaril – Clozapin watch for Agranulocytosis! Lowers WBC’s watch for
sorethroat, fever Rhinorrhea, flu like symtoms
Zyprexa – Olanzapine
,Conventional Antipsychotic Medications
Prolixin – Fluphenazine great for schizophrenia!☺
Haldol – Haloperidol delirium, Tourettes☺
Drugs Used to Treat Extrapyramidal Side Effects – 👌👌
Cogentin - Benztropine
Benadryl - Diphenhydramine
Valium - Diazepam
Others
Antabuse – Disulfiram - great for alcoholism when they are acutely sensitive
Diphenhydramine
Naltrexone (ReVia) – Vivitrol – prevent alcohol relapse!
Thiamine – Vitamin B – banana boat bag – Alcoholics vitamin!
Prevent Wernicke’s encephalopathy, (nuts, beans, meat)
Lab Values
Normal Lab Value Range: Sodium
135-145 mEq/L.
Normal Lab Value Range: Potassium
3.5-5.0 mEq/L.
Normal Lab Value Range: Calcium
8.5-10.2 mg/dL.
Normal Lab Value Range: RBCs for both Males and Females
Males: 4.7-6.1 cells/mcL.
Females: 4.2-5.4 cells/mcL.
Normal Lab Value Range: WBC
4,500-11,000 WBC/mcL.
,Normal Lab Value Range: Hemoglobin (HGB/Hgb) for both Males and Females
Males: 13.5-17.5 g/dL.
Females: 12.0-15.5 g/dL.
Normal Lab Value Range: Glycated Hemoglobin (A1C)
4.0-5.6%.
Normal Lab Value Range: Fasting Blood Sugar
<100 mg/dL or <5.6 mmol/L.
Definitions
Psychiatric disorder
syndrome characterized by disturbance in cognition, emotion, regulation of
behavior that reflects a dysfunction in psychological, biological, or developments
that affects mental function
primary crisis prevention
duration of this is no longer than 4-6 weeks. Person literally cannot tolerate being
in this state for longer than that primary crisis prevention this stage of prevention
involves promoting wellness and resilience through education - parenting classes,
mental health wellness
secondary crisis prevention
this stage of prevention involves early diagnosis and treatment through
assessment - acute inpatient stabilization, screening for specific disorders
tertiary crisis prevention
this stage of prevention involves reduction of long-term disability through
modification of coping skills such as vocational rehab, life skills classes
negative symptoms
symptoms that reflect a diminution or loss of normal functions
delusions
positive symptom.
False personal beliefs that are inconsistent with the person's intelligence or
cultural background. Individual continues to have the belief in spite of obvious
proof that it is false or irrational. Obsessed w/ religion
Paranoid
, extreme suspiciousness of others
magical thinking
positive symptom. the person believes that his or her thoughts or behaviors have
control over specific situations or people (it snowed last night because I wished
very very hard that it would)
Loose thinking that is characterized by speech in which ideas shift from one
unrelated subject to another. The individual is unaware that the topics are
unconnected. When the condition is severe, speech may be incoherent (We
wanted to take the bus, but the airport took all the traffic. Driving is the ticket
when you want to get somewhere. no one needs a ticket to heaven. we all have it
all in our pockets)
Neologism
A "word" coined by psychotic or delirious patient that is only meaningful to the
patient.
neologisms
the psychotic person invents new words that are meaningless to others but have
symbolic meaning to the psychotic person (she wanted to give me a ride in her
new unicorn)
concrete thinking
literal interpretations of the environment, represents a regression to an earlier
level of cognitive development. abstract thinking is very difficult. for example, the
client with schizophrenia would have great difficulty describing the abstract
meaning of saying such as "I'm climbing the walls, or It's raining cats and dogs"
Word salad group of words that are put together randomly without any logical
connection (most forward action grows life double plays circle uniform)
clang association
choice of words is governed or rhyming, for instance "it is very cold, I am cold and
bold, the gold has been sold"
echolalia
client with schizophrenia may repeat the words they hear
circumstantiality
individual delays in reaching the point of a communication because of
unnecessary and tedious details, the point or goal is usually met but only with
preoperative sedation, SHORT TERM, highly addictive -
Xanax - Alprazolam
Ativan – Lorazapam
Librium - Chloriazepoxide
Non-Benzodiazepine
BuSpar- Buspar - - Avoid alcohol and grapefruit juice, safe for people w/
addictions
Antidepressants: Atypical
Wellbutrin – Bupropion – helps w/ smoking cessation Selective Serotonin
Reuptake Inhibitors
(SSRI) - General Information Blocks the reuptake of Serotonin.
Zoloft - Sertaline
Prozac – Fluoxetine – Prozac and Lexapro are kid friendly!☺
Paxil – Paroxetine
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor (MAOI) Antidepressants - for Depression not often
used
Nardil - Phenelzine - No TYRAMINE!☠
Parnate – Tranylcypromine - No TYRAMINE!☠
NO OTC drugs (cold remedies), evaluate for suicidal tendencies, AVOID TYRAMINE
rich foods [fermented meats, cured fish, all cheeses, Chianti (red) wine, soy sauce,
ripe avocados]. Pt. should AVOID chocolate and caffeine too.
Mood Stabilizer
Lithium – Lithate, Eskalith watch! serum level (0.6 – 1.5)☠ toxicity
Depakote – Valporic Acid
Tegretol – Carbamazpine
Atypical Antipsychotic Medications - Paranoia, hallucinations, aggression, and
agitation
Clozaril – Clozapin watch for Agranulocytosis! Lowers WBC’s watch for
sorethroat, fever Rhinorrhea, flu like symtoms
Zyprexa – Olanzapine
,Conventional Antipsychotic Medications
Prolixin – Fluphenazine great for schizophrenia!☺
Haldol – Haloperidol delirium, Tourettes☺
Drugs Used to Treat Extrapyramidal Side Effects – 👌👌
Cogentin - Benztropine
Benadryl - Diphenhydramine
Valium - Diazepam
Others
Antabuse – Disulfiram - great for alcoholism when they are acutely sensitive
Diphenhydramine
Naltrexone (ReVia) – Vivitrol – prevent alcohol relapse!
Thiamine – Vitamin B – banana boat bag – Alcoholics vitamin!
Prevent Wernicke’s encephalopathy, (nuts, beans, meat)
Lab Values
Normal Lab Value Range: Sodium
135-145 mEq/L.
Normal Lab Value Range: Potassium
3.5-5.0 mEq/L.
Normal Lab Value Range: Calcium
8.5-10.2 mg/dL.
Normal Lab Value Range: RBCs for both Males and Females
Males: 4.7-6.1 cells/mcL.
Females: 4.2-5.4 cells/mcL.
Normal Lab Value Range: WBC
4,500-11,000 WBC/mcL.
,Normal Lab Value Range: Hemoglobin (HGB/Hgb) for both Males and Females
Males: 13.5-17.5 g/dL.
Females: 12.0-15.5 g/dL.
Normal Lab Value Range: Glycated Hemoglobin (A1C)
4.0-5.6%.
Normal Lab Value Range: Fasting Blood Sugar
<100 mg/dL or <5.6 mmol/L.
Definitions
Psychiatric disorder
syndrome characterized by disturbance in cognition, emotion, regulation of
behavior that reflects a dysfunction in psychological, biological, or developments
that affects mental function
primary crisis prevention
duration of this is no longer than 4-6 weeks. Person literally cannot tolerate being
in this state for longer than that primary crisis prevention this stage of prevention
involves promoting wellness and resilience through education - parenting classes,
mental health wellness
secondary crisis prevention
this stage of prevention involves early diagnosis and treatment through
assessment - acute inpatient stabilization, screening for specific disorders
tertiary crisis prevention
this stage of prevention involves reduction of long-term disability through
modification of coping skills such as vocational rehab, life skills classes
negative symptoms
symptoms that reflect a diminution or loss of normal functions
delusions
positive symptom.
False personal beliefs that are inconsistent with the person's intelligence or
cultural background. Individual continues to have the belief in spite of obvious
proof that it is false or irrational. Obsessed w/ religion
Paranoid
, extreme suspiciousness of others
magical thinking
positive symptom. the person believes that his or her thoughts or behaviors have
control over specific situations or people (it snowed last night because I wished
very very hard that it would)
Loose thinking that is characterized by speech in which ideas shift from one
unrelated subject to another. The individual is unaware that the topics are
unconnected. When the condition is severe, speech may be incoherent (We
wanted to take the bus, but the airport took all the traffic. Driving is the ticket
when you want to get somewhere. no one needs a ticket to heaven. we all have it
all in our pockets)
Neologism
A "word" coined by psychotic or delirious patient that is only meaningful to the
patient.
neologisms
the psychotic person invents new words that are meaningless to others but have
symbolic meaning to the psychotic person (she wanted to give me a ride in her
new unicorn)
concrete thinking
literal interpretations of the environment, represents a regression to an earlier
level of cognitive development. abstract thinking is very difficult. for example, the
client with schizophrenia would have great difficulty describing the abstract
meaning of saying such as "I'm climbing the walls, or It's raining cats and dogs"
Word salad group of words that are put together randomly without any logical
connection (most forward action grows life double plays circle uniform)
clang association
choice of words is governed or rhyming, for instance "it is very cold, I am cold and
bold, the gold has been sold"
echolalia
client with schizophrenia may repeat the words they hear
circumstantiality
individual delays in reaching the point of a communication because of
unnecessary and tedious details, the point or goal is usually met but only with
