Biology 198 Module 3 Exam Questions and Complete Solutions

Cell theory idea that all living things are composed of cells, cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things, and new cells are produced from existing cells Endosymbiotic theory eukaryotes may have been a product of one cell engulfing another, one living within another, and evolving over time until the separate cells were no longer recognizable Evidence of endosymbiotic theory eukaryotes consumed prokaryotes (leading to mitochondria), or eukaryote consumed photosynthetic bacteria. What structures of a cell can be seen with a light microscope? still living parts or entire organisms (e.g. Plant cell, red blood cells, flu, e. Coli) What structures of a cell can only be seen in an electron microscope? not living, seen as black and white (e.g. Antibodies, dna, hemoglobin) Prokaryote a unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane bound organelles Cytoplasmic streaming circular flow of cytoplasm within cells, important in the distribution of materials within and between cells Cytoplasm a jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended Cell wall strong, supporting layer surrounding plasma membrane in some cells; made of cellulose; helps maintain cell shape; rigid covering that protects cell Plasma membrane the membrane at the boundary of every cell that acts as a selective barrier, thereby regulating the cell's chemical composition; transportation Central vacuole a membranous sac in a mature plant cell with diverse roles in reproduction, growth, and development Chloroplast site of photosynthesis Nucleus houses dna and rna, directs ribosome and protein synthesis Nucleolus found inside the nucleus and produces ribosomes