Bio 198 Practice Test Questions and Correct Answers

Differentiate between kinetic and potential energy. kinetic energy: energy of motion Potential energy: stored energy Identify the source of energy for the biosphere. -energy flows into the world from the sun -photosynthetic organisms capture this energy Describe the nature of redox reactions. oxidation: atom or molecule loses an electron Reduction: atom or molecule gain electron OIL RIG: Oxidation is loss Reduction is gain Redox reactions are always paired Explain the laws of thermodynamics. first law: - energy cannot be created or destroyed -energy can only change from one form to another -total amount of energy in universe remains constant. -within living organisms, energy gets shifter around in chemical bonds --during each conversion, some energy is lost as heat Second law: -entropy (disorder) is continuously increasing -energy transformations proceed spontaneously to convert matter from a more ordered/less stable form to a less ordered/more stable form Relate free energy changes to the outcome of chemical reactions. -Chemical reactions can be predicted based on changes in free energy --Free energy is the energy available to do work