PNUR1165 Final Exam Study With Complete Solution
Latest Update
october 1st
International day of the older person
ageism
stereotype based on age; term to describe discrimination against older adults through
attitudes and behaviour
chronological age
type of aging; measured according to the number of years that have lived
biological age
type of aging; predicted based on physical condition and vital organ system functioning
psychological age
type of aging;how someone is capable and in control about memory, learning ability,
skills, emotions and judgment
social age
established through age-graded behaviors which reflect an expected social status and
the social roles in a given culture/society
,wear and tear theory
biological theory of aging; errors within cells from use and injury over a certain period of
time, internal and external stressors accelerate the cellular errors and rate at which
they occur, progressive loss in cellular function
cross link theory
biological theory of aging; aging is due to cross-linking or stiffening of proteins in the
cell, protein links with sugar in the presence of oxygen and tissue becomes stiff, seen in
collagens (skin, blood vessels, lungs, tendons)
free radical theory
biological theory of aging; "oxidative stress", free radicals are natural by-products of
cellular activity and are always present to some extent, free radical production is
increased by smog/ozone, pesticides, radiation, with old age damage from free radicals
occurs faster than cells can repair themselves
developmental tasks - 65-75 years
developmental tasks; decreased physical strength/health, retirement, decreased and
fixed income, death of loved ones, new relationships with adult children, free time,
decreased physical/cognitive responsiveness, staying active and engaged, changing
living situations
develpmental tasks - 75 + years
develpmental tasks; living alone, threat of nursing home, one's own dying, physical and
mental health, staying connected with family, giving life meaning
ethnicity
culture related difference, that identify groups through racial or religious differences
, ethnocentrism
belief one's own cultural perspective is the only correct perspective, leads to divisions
amongst members from other ethnicities/races/religions within society
cultural competence
aware of one's own biases and how this influences one's professional behaviour when
delivering healthcare; knowledge of population specific health-related cultural
values/beliefs/behaviours, disease incidence, prevalence, mortality rates, population
specific treatment outcomes, working with culturally diverse populations
cultural competence strategies
strategies; physical distance, eye contact, emotional expressiveness, body movement,
language
cultural aspects of care
cultural influences on care; respect, dying and death, pain, medicine and nutrition,
independence
skin changes
physiologic change with aging; dryness, fragility, wrinkling, sagging, age spots,
decreased perspiration, thinning of hair, slower growth of nails
Latest Update
october 1st
International day of the older person
ageism
stereotype based on age; term to describe discrimination against older adults through
attitudes and behaviour
chronological age
type of aging; measured according to the number of years that have lived
biological age
type of aging; predicted based on physical condition and vital organ system functioning
psychological age
type of aging;how someone is capable and in control about memory, learning ability,
skills, emotions and judgment
social age
established through age-graded behaviors which reflect an expected social status and
the social roles in a given culture/society
,wear and tear theory
biological theory of aging; errors within cells from use and injury over a certain period of
time, internal and external stressors accelerate the cellular errors and rate at which
they occur, progressive loss in cellular function
cross link theory
biological theory of aging; aging is due to cross-linking or stiffening of proteins in the
cell, protein links with sugar in the presence of oxygen and tissue becomes stiff, seen in
collagens (skin, blood vessels, lungs, tendons)
free radical theory
biological theory of aging; "oxidative stress", free radicals are natural by-products of
cellular activity and are always present to some extent, free radical production is
increased by smog/ozone, pesticides, radiation, with old age damage from free radicals
occurs faster than cells can repair themselves
developmental tasks - 65-75 years
developmental tasks; decreased physical strength/health, retirement, decreased and
fixed income, death of loved ones, new relationships with adult children, free time,
decreased physical/cognitive responsiveness, staying active and engaged, changing
living situations
develpmental tasks - 75 + years
develpmental tasks; living alone, threat of nursing home, one's own dying, physical and
mental health, staying connected with family, giving life meaning
ethnicity
culture related difference, that identify groups through racial or religious differences
, ethnocentrism
belief one's own cultural perspective is the only correct perspective, leads to divisions
amongst members from other ethnicities/races/religions within society
cultural competence
aware of one's own biases and how this influences one's professional behaviour when
delivering healthcare; knowledge of population specific health-related cultural
values/beliefs/behaviours, disease incidence, prevalence, mortality rates, population
specific treatment outcomes, working with culturally diverse populations
cultural competence strategies
strategies; physical distance, eye contact, emotional expressiveness, body movement,
language
cultural aspects of care
cultural influences on care; respect, dying and death, pain, medicine and nutrition,
independence
skin changes
physiologic change with aging; dryness, fragility, wrinkling, sagging, age spots,
decreased perspiration, thinning of hair, slower growth of nails
