Heart Sounds Complete Study Guide
Test.
S1 - CORRECT ANSWER the "lub" sound when ventricular pressure rises and closes the mitral and
tricuspid valves - (SYSTOLE)
This is the first sound heard as the AV valves close & is heard loudest at apex of heart. Heard at the left
5th intercostal space,
S2 - CORRECT ANSWER the "dub" sound when ventricular pressure falls (after emptying) below the
pressure in the aorta and pulmonary artery allowing the aortic and pulmonic valves to close -
(DIASTOLE),
the second heart sound that occurs with closure of the semilunar valves and signals the end of systole.
loudest at the base
S3 - CORRECT ANSWER VENTRICULAR GALLOP
this heart sound is normal in children but abnormal in adults, an abnormal heart sound detected early in
diastole as resistance is met to blood entering either ventricle; most often due to volume overload
associated with heart failure
S4 - CORRECT ANSWER ATRIAL GALLOP,
the fourth heart sound in the cardiac cycle. It occurs late in diastole on contraction of the atria. Rarely
heard in normal subjects, it indicates an abnormally increased resistance to ventricular filling, as in
hypertensive cardiovascular disease, coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathy, and aortic stenosis.
Placement of Stethoscope - CORRECT ANSWER Directly on Pt.s skin
For Aortic Area: 2nd intercostal space at R sternal border
For Pulmonic Area: 2nd intercostal space@ L Sternal border
Mitral Area: 5th intercostal space, Medial to L midclavicular line
Tricuspid area: 4th intercostal space @ L sternal border
Cardiac Cycle - CORRECT ANSWER the complete cycle of events in the heart from the beginning of one
heart beat to the beginning of the next
Test.
S1 - CORRECT ANSWER the "lub" sound when ventricular pressure rises and closes the mitral and
tricuspid valves - (SYSTOLE)
This is the first sound heard as the AV valves close & is heard loudest at apex of heart. Heard at the left
5th intercostal space,
S2 - CORRECT ANSWER the "dub" sound when ventricular pressure falls (after emptying) below the
pressure in the aorta and pulmonary artery allowing the aortic and pulmonic valves to close -
(DIASTOLE),
the second heart sound that occurs with closure of the semilunar valves and signals the end of systole.
loudest at the base
S3 - CORRECT ANSWER VENTRICULAR GALLOP
this heart sound is normal in children but abnormal in adults, an abnormal heart sound detected early in
diastole as resistance is met to blood entering either ventricle; most often due to volume overload
associated with heart failure
S4 - CORRECT ANSWER ATRIAL GALLOP,
the fourth heart sound in the cardiac cycle. It occurs late in diastole on contraction of the atria. Rarely
heard in normal subjects, it indicates an abnormally increased resistance to ventricular filling, as in
hypertensive cardiovascular disease, coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathy, and aortic stenosis.
Placement of Stethoscope - CORRECT ANSWER Directly on Pt.s skin
For Aortic Area: 2nd intercostal space at R sternal border
For Pulmonic Area: 2nd intercostal space@ L Sternal border
Mitral Area: 5th intercostal space, Medial to L midclavicular line
Tricuspid area: 4th intercostal space @ L sternal border
Cardiac Cycle - CORRECT ANSWER the complete cycle of events in the heart from the beginning of one
heart beat to the beginning of the next
