AHN568 HEMODYNAMIC MONITORING
EXAM 5
high-risk ICU patients, ARDS patients, ACS patients, and patients with
CHF - ANSWER There is strong evidence that the PA catheter is not
beneficial in what 4 types of patients?
cardiogenic shock, pulmonary artery hypertension, SEVERE chronic
heart failure, heart-lung transplant workups - ANSWER In what 4 areas
is the PA catheter recommended for use?
noninvasive - ANSWER is impedance cardiography invasive or
noninvasive?
stroke volume/index, cardiac output/index, systemic vascular
resistance/index, velocity index - ANSWER what 4 indexes does
continuous, beat by beat, ICG measure?
central venous pressure (CVP) - ANSWER refers to pressure of blood in
right atrium or vena cava
blood volume, effectiveness of heart as a pump, vascular tone -
ANSWER the CVP provides information about what 3 things?
CVP - ANSWER pressure of blood in RA
venous congestion from elevated CVP - ANSWER peripheral edema,
hepatojugular reflux, JVD all show signs of what?
low CVP from volume depletion, could also be from vasodilation -
ANSWER patient is dehydrated, tachycardic, low urine output, change in
LOC, skin changes all show signs of what?
2-8 mm Hg - ANSWER what is the normal CVP range?
, fluid overload, peripheral edema - ANSWER what does a CVP of 20 or
greater indicate?
dehydration, hypovolemia - ANSWER what does a CVP of 1 indicate?
trending values - ANSWER when looking at CVP values, what is most
important to look at?
elevated - ANSWER if patient has CHF, what will CVP look like?
high - ANSWER COPD patients have a lot of resistance in pulmonary
system so right side of heart working hard against it, this means the CVP
will be high or low?
CHF, cardiac tamponade, vasoconstrictive states, overhydration -
ANSWER what 4 situations produce elevated CVP?
hypovolemic states (blood/fluid loss), drug induced vasodilation -
ANSWER what 2 situations produce decreased CVP?
infection, thrombosis, air embolus, line displacement - ANSWER name 4
complications of central lines
frequent catheter care and tubing changes - ANSWER what can cause
infection of central lines?
monitor for redness/swelling in and around site - ANSWER what should
you monitor with possible thrombosis of central lines?
10-20ml - ANSWER central line air embolus takes _____ ml of air
decreased - ANSWER an air embolus in the central line causes ____
cardiac output
confusion, changes in LOC, anxiety, chest pain, SOB, light-
headedness> leads to unresponsiveness - ANSWER what are the signs
and symptoms of an air embolus from central line?
EXAM 5
high-risk ICU patients, ARDS patients, ACS patients, and patients with
CHF - ANSWER There is strong evidence that the PA catheter is not
beneficial in what 4 types of patients?
cardiogenic shock, pulmonary artery hypertension, SEVERE chronic
heart failure, heart-lung transplant workups - ANSWER In what 4 areas
is the PA catheter recommended for use?
noninvasive - ANSWER is impedance cardiography invasive or
noninvasive?
stroke volume/index, cardiac output/index, systemic vascular
resistance/index, velocity index - ANSWER what 4 indexes does
continuous, beat by beat, ICG measure?
central venous pressure (CVP) - ANSWER refers to pressure of blood in
right atrium or vena cava
blood volume, effectiveness of heart as a pump, vascular tone -
ANSWER the CVP provides information about what 3 things?
CVP - ANSWER pressure of blood in RA
venous congestion from elevated CVP - ANSWER peripheral edema,
hepatojugular reflux, JVD all show signs of what?
low CVP from volume depletion, could also be from vasodilation -
ANSWER patient is dehydrated, tachycardic, low urine output, change in
LOC, skin changes all show signs of what?
2-8 mm Hg - ANSWER what is the normal CVP range?
, fluid overload, peripheral edema - ANSWER what does a CVP of 20 or
greater indicate?
dehydration, hypovolemia - ANSWER what does a CVP of 1 indicate?
trending values - ANSWER when looking at CVP values, what is most
important to look at?
elevated - ANSWER if patient has CHF, what will CVP look like?
high - ANSWER COPD patients have a lot of resistance in pulmonary
system so right side of heart working hard against it, this means the CVP
will be high or low?
CHF, cardiac tamponade, vasoconstrictive states, overhydration -
ANSWER what 4 situations produce elevated CVP?
hypovolemic states (blood/fluid loss), drug induced vasodilation -
ANSWER what 2 situations produce decreased CVP?
infection, thrombosis, air embolus, line displacement - ANSWER name 4
complications of central lines
frequent catheter care and tubing changes - ANSWER what can cause
infection of central lines?
monitor for redness/swelling in and around site - ANSWER what should
you monitor with possible thrombosis of central lines?
10-20ml - ANSWER central line air embolus takes _____ ml of air
decreased - ANSWER an air embolus in the central line causes ____
cardiac output
confusion, changes in LOC, anxiety, chest pain, SOB, light-
headedness> leads to unresponsiveness - ANSWER what are the signs
and symptoms of an air embolus from central line?
