WORLD CIV EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE
Neolithic - Answers-a period in the development of human technology, beginning about
10,200 BC in some parts of the Middle East, and later in other parts of the world and
ending between 4,500 and 2,000 BC.
Mesopotamia - Answers-the area of the Tigris-Euphrates river system, in modern days
roughly corresponding to most of Iraq plus Kuwait, the eastern parts of Syria, and
regions along the Turkish-Syrian and Iran-Iraq borders.
The Fertile Crescent - Answers-from the Persian Gulf, through modern-day southern
Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Israel and northern Egypt.
Cuneiform - Answers-the wedge-shaped characters used in the ancient writing systems
of Mesopotamia, Persia, and Ugarit, surviving mainly impressed on clay tablets
Ziggurat - Answers-a rectangular stepped tower, sometimes surmounted by a temple.
Sumer - Answers-was the first urban civilization in the historical region of southern
Mesopotamia, modern-day southern Iraq, during the Chalcolithic and Early Bronze
ages, and arguably the first civilization in the world with Ancient Egypt, Living along the
valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates, first permanently settled between c. 5500 and 4000
BC
Sargon - Answers-the first ruler of the Semitic-speaking Akkadian Empire, known for his
conquests of the Sumerian city-states in the 24th to 23rd centuries BC.
Hammurabi's Code - Answers-Babylonian law code of ancient Mesopotamia, dating
back to about 1754 BC. It is one of the oldest deciphered writings of significant length in
the world
Hittites - Answers-Ancient Anatolian people who established an empire centered on
Hattusa in north-central Anatolia around 1600 BCE.
Assyrians - Answers-major Mesopotamian East Semitic-speaking kingdom and empire
of the ancient Near East, existed as an independent state from perhaps as early as the
25th century BC,[1] until its collapse between 612 BC and 599 BC
Yellow River - Answers-Third longest river in Asia (on top)
Yangzi River - Answers-Longest river in Asia (bottom)
, The Two Handles - Answers-chastisement and commendation. To inflict death or torture
upon culprits, is called chastisement; to bestow encouragements or rewards on men of
merit, is called commendation.
War and Agriculture - Answers-Respected and necessary parts of ancient Chinese
civilization
Han Feizi - Answers-an ancient Chinese text attributed to foundational political
philosopher, "Master" Han Fei, comprises a selection of essays in the "Legalist" tradition
on theories of state power, synthesizing the methodologies of his predecessors.
Lao Tzu - Answers-an ancient Chinese philosopher and writer. He is known as the
reputed author of the Tao Te Ching and the founder of philosophical Daoism (living
according to the Way), and as a deity in religious Taoism and traditional Chinese
religions, 6th-5th century BC
Tao - Answers-"The Way" living correctly and morally
Wuwei - Answers-important concept of Taoism and means natural action, or in other
words, action that does not involve struggle or excessive effort, the cultivation of a
mental state in which our actions are quite effortlessly in alignment with the flow of life.
The First Emperor - Answers-Qin Shi Huang-the first emperor of a united China,
proclaimed himself Qin Shi Huang. Qin Dynasty
Indus - Answers-Indus River, Indus River Valley Civilization-3300-1300 BC, mainly in the
northwestern regions of South Asia, extending from what today is northeast Afghanistan
to Pakistan and northwest India. Along with ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia it was one
of three early civilisations of the Old World, and of the three, the most widespread
Harappa - Answers-The Indus Valley Civilisation is also known as the Harappan
Civilisation, after Harappa, the first of its sites to be excavated in the 1920s, in what was
then the Punjab province of British India, and now is Pakistan.
Shiva - Answers-one of the principal deities of Hinduism. He is worshiped as the
supreme god within Shaivism, one of the three most influential denominations in
contemporary Hinduism.He is one of the five primary forms of God in Smarta Tradition,
and The Destroyer within the Trimurti, the Hindu triad
Aryan - Answers-people speaking an Indo-European language who invaded northern
India in the 2nd millennium BC, displacing the Dravidian and other aboriginal peoples
the Brahmins: priests, scholars and teachers.
the Kshatriyas: rulers, warriors and administrators.
the Vaishyas: cattle herders, agriculturists, artisans and merchants
the Shudras: laborers and service providers. - Answers-Varna System
Neolithic - Answers-a period in the development of human technology, beginning about
10,200 BC in some parts of the Middle East, and later in other parts of the world and
ending between 4,500 and 2,000 BC.
Mesopotamia - Answers-the area of the Tigris-Euphrates river system, in modern days
roughly corresponding to most of Iraq plus Kuwait, the eastern parts of Syria, and
regions along the Turkish-Syrian and Iran-Iraq borders.
The Fertile Crescent - Answers-from the Persian Gulf, through modern-day southern
Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Israel and northern Egypt.
Cuneiform - Answers-the wedge-shaped characters used in the ancient writing systems
of Mesopotamia, Persia, and Ugarit, surviving mainly impressed on clay tablets
Ziggurat - Answers-a rectangular stepped tower, sometimes surmounted by a temple.
Sumer - Answers-was the first urban civilization in the historical region of southern
Mesopotamia, modern-day southern Iraq, during the Chalcolithic and Early Bronze
ages, and arguably the first civilization in the world with Ancient Egypt, Living along the
valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates, first permanently settled between c. 5500 and 4000
BC
Sargon - Answers-the first ruler of the Semitic-speaking Akkadian Empire, known for his
conquests of the Sumerian city-states in the 24th to 23rd centuries BC.
Hammurabi's Code - Answers-Babylonian law code of ancient Mesopotamia, dating
back to about 1754 BC. It is one of the oldest deciphered writings of significant length in
the world
Hittites - Answers-Ancient Anatolian people who established an empire centered on
Hattusa in north-central Anatolia around 1600 BCE.
Assyrians - Answers-major Mesopotamian East Semitic-speaking kingdom and empire
of the ancient Near East, existed as an independent state from perhaps as early as the
25th century BC,[1] until its collapse between 612 BC and 599 BC
Yellow River - Answers-Third longest river in Asia (on top)
Yangzi River - Answers-Longest river in Asia (bottom)
, The Two Handles - Answers-chastisement and commendation. To inflict death or torture
upon culprits, is called chastisement; to bestow encouragements or rewards on men of
merit, is called commendation.
War and Agriculture - Answers-Respected and necessary parts of ancient Chinese
civilization
Han Feizi - Answers-an ancient Chinese text attributed to foundational political
philosopher, "Master" Han Fei, comprises a selection of essays in the "Legalist" tradition
on theories of state power, synthesizing the methodologies of his predecessors.
Lao Tzu - Answers-an ancient Chinese philosopher and writer. He is known as the
reputed author of the Tao Te Ching and the founder of philosophical Daoism (living
according to the Way), and as a deity in religious Taoism and traditional Chinese
religions, 6th-5th century BC
Tao - Answers-"The Way" living correctly and morally
Wuwei - Answers-important concept of Taoism and means natural action, or in other
words, action that does not involve struggle or excessive effort, the cultivation of a
mental state in which our actions are quite effortlessly in alignment with the flow of life.
The First Emperor - Answers-Qin Shi Huang-the first emperor of a united China,
proclaimed himself Qin Shi Huang. Qin Dynasty
Indus - Answers-Indus River, Indus River Valley Civilization-3300-1300 BC, mainly in the
northwestern regions of South Asia, extending from what today is northeast Afghanistan
to Pakistan and northwest India. Along with ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia it was one
of three early civilisations of the Old World, and of the three, the most widespread
Harappa - Answers-The Indus Valley Civilisation is also known as the Harappan
Civilisation, after Harappa, the first of its sites to be excavated in the 1920s, in what was
then the Punjab province of British India, and now is Pakistan.
Shiva - Answers-one of the principal deities of Hinduism. He is worshiped as the
supreme god within Shaivism, one of the three most influential denominations in
contemporary Hinduism.He is one of the five primary forms of God in Smarta Tradition,
and The Destroyer within the Trimurti, the Hindu triad
Aryan - Answers-people speaking an Indo-European language who invaded northern
India in the 2nd millennium BC, displacing the Dravidian and other aboriginal peoples
the Brahmins: priests, scholars and teachers.
the Kshatriyas: rulers, warriors and administrators.
the Vaishyas: cattle herders, agriculturists, artisans and merchants
the Shudras: laborers and service providers. - Answers-Varna System
