Pathophysiology 370 Review Questions with complete Solutions Rated A+

Pathophysiology 370 Review Questions with complete Solutions Rated A+ A serious complication of deep vein thrombosis - Answers A pulmonary embolus Venous obstruction leads to edema because it ___________ pressure - Answers Increases capillary hydrostatic A cause of thrombocytopenia includes - Answers chemotherapy Which is not a manifestation of acute arterial obstruction? - Answers Purpura Risk factors for atherosclerosis include - Answers Hyperlipidemia A laboratory test finding helpful in confirming the diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia is - Answers Elevated total iron-binding capacity The major cause of death from leukemic disease is - Answers Infection Pernicious anemia is caused by a lack of - Answers Intrinsic factor Activation of intrinsic pathway of coagulation is initiated by - Answers Tissue thromboplastin Tissues are able to auto-regulate their rate of blood flow by controlling - Answers Vascular resistance A three-year-old boy who exhibits prolonged bleeding after minor trauma and a prolonged aPTT, but a normal platelet count, is likely to be diagnosed with - Answers Hemophilia Blood flow throughout the periphery is regulated by - Answers The autonomic nervous system Patients with immunodeficiency disorders are usually first identified because they - Answers Develop recurrent infections True or False: The anemia resulting from a deficiency of either vitamin B 12(cobalamin) or folate is caused by a disruption in DNA synthesis of the blast cells in the bone marrow that produces very large abnormal bone marrow cells called megaloblasts - Answers True Which condition is associated with an elevated reticulocyte count? - Answers hemolytic anemia What laboratory finding is usually found in aplastic anemia? - Answers Pancytopenia Which disorder is considered a primary immunodeficiency disease? - Answers HIV/AIDS A patient is diagnosed with a tortuous blood vessel of the right hand that bleeds spontaneously. This patient presents with - Answers Telangiectasia What characteristic is indicative of hemolytic anemia? - Answers Jaundice The movement of blood through the vascular system as opposed by the force of - Answers Resistance Autologous cell transplantation is a procedure in which - Answers Stem cells are harvested from the patient and then returned to the same patient Which causes vasoconstriction? - Answers Norepinephrine The hypersensitivity reaction that does not involve antibody production is type - Answers IV Disseminated intravascular coagulation may be treated with heparin therapy to - Answers Inhibit clotting factor consumption The final step in clot formation is: - Answers Clot retraction Which condition enhances lymphatic flow? - Answers Increased interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure A low mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) are characteristic of which type of anemia? - Answers Iron deficiency True or false: vaccination for pneumococcal pneumonia should be performed before one year of age in patients with sickle cell anemia - Answers False An increase in hemoglobin affinity for oxygen occurs with - Answers Shift to the left Strengthen the bond between oxygen hemoglobin is known as the - Answers Oxygen-hemoglobin affinity The primary source of erythropoietin is provided by the - Answers Kidney Red blood cells differ from other cell types in the body because they - Answers Have no cytoplasmic organelles True or False: The only known curative treatment for CML is allogenic bone marrow transplant Tatian from a suitable donor - Answers True Which type of leukemia primarily affects children? - Answers ALL (acute lymphoid leukemia) The most effective therapy for anemia associated with kidney failure is - Answers erythropoietin administration. The primary effect or cell of the type one hypersensitivity response is - Answers Mast cells Which disorder is associated with a type III hypersensitivity mechanism of injury? - Answers systemic lupus erythematosus The goal of long term heparin for the management of a deep vein thrombosis is to - Answers Prevent further clot formation Widespread activation of clotting cascade secondary to massive trauma is called - Answers Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) The megakaryocyte is a precursor to - Answers platelets Which genetic aspect is associated with the development of auto immune diseases? - Answers MHC genes Which of the following disorders displays these characteristics? failure to remove antigen antibody complexes Is not tissue specific Includes antibodies Occurs over several hours or days Also called immune complex reaction - Answers Type III hypersensitivity DiGeorge Syndrome is deficiency of - Answers T cells. The aplastic or hypoplastic thymus is unable to assist in the maturation of T cells. Therefore T cells are deficient And example of neoplasms from the myeloid lineage include alterations in - Answers Granulocytes Which finding is associated with Hodgkin's disease - Answers Reed-Sternberg cells. Hodgkin's disease is a malignant disorder of the lymph nodes characterized by the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells on histologic examination. Which of the following situations would result in the release of erythropoietin - Answers A patient with lung disease and chronic hypoxia. The stimulus for erythropoietin release and hypoxia or low hemoglobin If a patient has a fever and is acidotic the oxygen hemoglobin dissociation curve would shift to the _______, causing the affinity of oxygen for hemoglobin to ________. - Answers Right , decrease. This type of shift increases the release of oxygen to the body's tissues. A decrease in oxygen affinity is from a shift to the right on the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve and an increase in oxygen infinity is from a shift to the left. Which anemia will cause the RBCs to be hypochromic and microcytic and cause pica? - Answers Iron deficiency. In iron deficiency anemia the red cells are smaller and paler than normal cells due to the decreased amount of hemoglobin and are described as hypochromic microcytic red cells. Pica is a sign highly specific for iron deficiency anemia The stage during which the patient functions normally, although the disease processes are well established is referred to as: - Answers Subclinical True or False: When the Cause is unknown, a condition is said to be idiopathic - Answers True Cancer grading is based on - Answers Cell Differentiation A patient has been exposed to meningococcal meningitis but is not yet demonstrating signs of this disease. This stage of illness is called the ________ - Answers Latent Stage Breast cancer in women who have the breast cancer gene - Answers occurs at an earlier age Metaplasia is: - Answers the replacement of one differentiated cell type with another Which is not normally secreted in response to stress? - Answers Insulin After suffering a heart attack, a middle-aged man is counseled to take a cholesterol-lowering medication. This is an example of: - Answers Tertiary Prevention Extreme cold injures cells by all the following except - Answers decreased blood viscosity The effect of excessive cortisol production include - Answers immune supression A patient with metastatic lung cancer wants to know her chances for surival. Which response is correct? - Answers Lung cancer has about a 15% survival rate Necrotic death of brain tissue usually produces _____ necrosis. - Answers Liquefactive Persistence of the alarm stage will ultimately result in - Answers Permanent damage and death Of the statements below, the accurate statement regarding nutrition and cellular health is - Answers Deficient cellular uptake by one cell type may contribute to excess nutrient delivery to other cell types. Coagulative necrosis is caused by - Answers interrupted blood supply The cellular change that is considered preneoplastic is - Answers Dysplasia The cellular response indicative of injury because of faulty metabolism is: - Answers intracellular accumulations Many of the responses to stress are attributed to activation of the sympathetic nervous system and are mediated by - Answers norepinephrine Indicators that an individual is experiencing high stress include all of the following except: - Answers pupil constriction After bronchoscopy and histologic examination of a suspected tumor, your patient is diagnosed with primary bronchial carcinoma. Thus, the tumor is: - Answers malignant The most common tumor-supressor gene defect identified in cancer cells is: - Answers P53