ITLS (Actual Exam) – Questions With Proper Solutions
Monro-Kellie Doctrine Right Ans - The cranial compartment and content
are incompressible, any increase in volume by CSF, blood, or brain must result
in reduction of another. Can be compensated for up to 100-120 mL.
Parkland Formula Right Ans - Formula for how much fluid a burn patient
requires in the first 24 hours. 4 cc/kg x % burn area x body mass in kg. Give
half in the first 8 hours.
CPP Right Ans - Cerebral Perfusion Pressure. CPP = MAP - ICP. Normal
range is 70-90 mmHg.
oxygen-calcium paradox Right Ans - Too much oxygen returned to an
anoxic area will cause tissue damage.
No-reflow phenomenon Right Ans - The failure of blood to reperfuse an
ischemic area after the physical obstruction has been removed or bypassed.
This is true in the brain after 4-6 minutes of ischemia.
Cushing's Reflex Right Ans - When ICP increases, pulse rate decreases to
increase systolic blood pressure in order to maintain CPP.
Cushing's Triad Right Ans - Irregular respirations, bradycardia, and systolic
hypertension. Indicative of rising ICP.
Coup Right Ans - 3rd collision. Injury to brain at site of impact.
Contrecoup Right Ans - 4th collision. Concussion. Injury to brain on the
side opposite of the site of impact.
ICP Right Ans - Intracranial Pressure. Normal range is 5-15 mmHg.
Amount of blood in a child Right Ans - 90-100 mL/kg
Amount of fluid administered to pediatric trauma patient Right Ans - 20
mL/kg for children, 10 mL/kg for neonates
Monro-Kellie Doctrine Right Ans - The cranial compartment and content
are incompressible, any increase in volume by CSF, blood, or brain must result
in reduction of another. Can be compensated for up to 100-120 mL.
Parkland Formula Right Ans - Formula for how much fluid a burn patient
requires in the first 24 hours. 4 cc/kg x % burn area x body mass in kg. Give
half in the first 8 hours.
CPP Right Ans - Cerebral Perfusion Pressure. CPP = MAP - ICP. Normal
range is 70-90 mmHg.
oxygen-calcium paradox Right Ans - Too much oxygen returned to an
anoxic area will cause tissue damage.
No-reflow phenomenon Right Ans - The failure of blood to reperfuse an
ischemic area after the physical obstruction has been removed or bypassed.
This is true in the brain after 4-6 minutes of ischemia.
Cushing's Reflex Right Ans - When ICP increases, pulse rate decreases to
increase systolic blood pressure in order to maintain CPP.
Cushing's Triad Right Ans - Irregular respirations, bradycardia, and systolic
hypertension. Indicative of rising ICP.
Coup Right Ans - 3rd collision. Injury to brain at site of impact.
Contrecoup Right Ans - 4th collision. Concussion. Injury to brain on the
side opposite of the site of impact.
ICP Right Ans - Intracranial Pressure. Normal range is 5-15 mmHg.
Amount of blood in a child Right Ans - 90-100 mL/kg
Amount of fluid administered to pediatric trauma patient Right Ans - 20
mL/kg for children, 10 mL/kg for neonates
