PCB 3063 Exam With Complete
Solution
Prokaryote - Answer Can make multiple proteins from one operon
Eukaryote - Answer -They have operons if they have a plastid or mitochondria
-Operon like features have been found in organisms like yeast
-Gene regulation in eukaryotic cells takes place at multiple levels transcriptional control
Operon - Answer A unit made up of linked genes which is thought to regulate other
genes responsible for protein synthesis
Mus Musculus - Answer The most important model organism in human genetics
Model for human diseases
Immunogenetics
Cancer genetics
Closely related to humans
Small size
Rapid reproduction
Easy to rear in the laboratory
Tolerates inbreeding
E. Coli - Answer Live in the intestines of healthy people and animals
Harmless or can cause brief diarrhea
Some strains can cause severe stomach cramps, bloody diarrhea, and vomiting
H. pylori - Answer Major role in causing peptic ulcers, challenging decades of medical
doctrine holding that ulcers were caused primarily by stress
This discover has allowed breakthrough in understanding a causative link between H.
Pylori infection and stomach cancer
Chromatin - Answer Material of which the chromosomes of organisms other than
bacteria are composed
, Remodeling - Answer Size
Heterochromatin
Euchromatin
Transcription in Eukaryotes - Answer Carried out in the nucleus of the cell and proceeds
in stages: initiation, elongation, and termination
Translation in Eukaryotes - Answer Biological process by which mRNA is translated into
proteins in eukaryotes
Ribosome - Answer A minute particle consisting of RNA and associated proteins found
in large numbers in the cytoplasm of living cells
Ribozyme - Answer Catalytically active RNA molecules or RNA-protein complexes, in
which solely the RNA provides catalytic activity
Gene Regulation - Answer This is important because the set of genes expressed in a cell
determines the set of proteins and functional RNAs it contains, giving it its unique
properties
Operon in Prokaryotes - Answer Clusters of co-regulated genes with related functions
Gene in Eukaryotes (one gene-one enzyme hypothesis) - Answer The idea that genes act
through the production of enzymes, with each gene responsible for producing a single
enzyme
RNA types - Answer mRNA
tRNA
miRNA (MicroRNA)
Cell Signaling - Answer To allow cells to receive, process, and transmit signals with its
environment and with itself
House-keeping genes - Answer Typically constitutive genes that are required for
maintenance of basal cellular functions that are essential for the existence of a cell,
regardless of its specific role in the tissue or organism
Types of Chromatic Alterations - Answer Histone modifications
Chromatin remodeling
DNA Methylation
Level of structures in Amino Acids - Answer Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, Quaternary
Primary - Answer Defines the linear string of polypeptides
Solution
Prokaryote - Answer Can make multiple proteins from one operon
Eukaryote - Answer -They have operons if they have a plastid or mitochondria
-Operon like features have been found in organisms like yeast
-Gene regulation in eukaryotic cells takes place at multiple levels transcriptional control
Operon - Answer A unit made up of linked genes which is thought to regulate other
genes responsible for protein synthesis
Mus Musculus - Answer The most important model organism in human genetics
Model for human diseases
Immunogenetics
Cancer genetics
Closely related to humans
Small size
Rapid reproduction
Easy to rear in the laboratory
Tolerates inbreeding
E. Coli - Answer Live in the intestines of healthy people and animals
Harmless or can cause brief diarrhea
Some strains can cause severe stomach cramps, bloody diarrhea, and vomiting
H. pylori - Answer Major role in causing peptic ulcers, challenging decades of medical
doctrine holding that ulcers were caused primarily by stress
This discover has allowed breakthrough in understanding a causative link between H.
Pylori infection and stomach cancer
Chromatin - Answer Material of which the chromosomes of organisms other than
bacteria are composed
, Remodeling - Answer Size
Heterochromatin
Euchromatin
Transcription in Eukaryotes - Answer Carried out in the nucleus of the cell and proceeds
in stages: initiation, elongation, and termination
Translation in Eukaryotes - Answer Biological process by which mRNA is translated into
proteins in eukaryotes
Ribosome - Answer A minute particle consisting of RNA and associated proteins found
in large numbers in the cytoplasm of living cells
Ribozyme - Answer Catalytically active RNA molecules or RNA-protein complexes, in
which solely the RNA provides catalytic activity
Gene Regulation - Answer This is important because the set of genes expressed in a cell
determines the set of proteins and functional RNAs it contains, giving it its unique
properties
Operon in Prokaryotes - Answer Clusters of co-regulated genes with related functions
Gene in Eukaryotes (one gene-one enzyme hypothesis) - Answer The idea that genes act
through the production of enzymes, with each gene responsible for producing a single
enzyme
RNA types - Answer mRNA
tRNA
miRNA (MicroRNA)
Cell Signaling - Answer To allow cells to receive, process, and transmit signals with its
environment and with itself
House-keeping genes - Answer Typically constitutive genes that are required for
maintenance of basal cellular functions that are essential for the existence of a cell,
regardless of its specific role in the tissue or organism
Types of Chromatic Alterations - Answer Histone modifications
Chromatin remodeling
DNA Methylation
Level of structures in Amino Acids - Answer Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, Quaternary
Primary - Answer Defines the linear string of polypeptides
