TEST BANK f
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
THE BIOLOGIC BASIS FOR DISEASE IN ADULTS AND CHILDREN
F F F F F F F F
8th Edition
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Kathryn L. McCance, Sue E. Huether
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Contents
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology........................................................................................................................... 4
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Chapter 02: Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology: Environmental Agents ...................................................... 18
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Chapter 03: The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases ......................................... 31
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Chapter 04: Genes and Genetic Diseases ..................................................................................................... 44
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Chapter 05: Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases ............................................................. 55
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Chapter 06: Epigenetics and Disease ........................................................................................................... 63
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Chapter 07: Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing ............................................................... 68
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Chapter 08: Adaptive Immunity ................................................................................................................... 83
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Chapter 09: Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation ............................................................................... 95
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Chapter 10: Infection ................................................................................................................................. 108
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Chapter 11: Stress and Disease .................................................................................................................. 117
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Chapter 12: Cancer Biology ........................................................................................................................ 124
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Chapter 13: Cancer Epidemiology .............................................................................................................. 137
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Chapter 14: Cancer in Children .................................................................................................................. 143
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Chapter 15: Structure and Function of the Neurologic System................................................................... 148
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Chapter 16: Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function.................................................. 159
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Chapter 17: Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function .................. 174
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Chapter 18: Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction
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.................................................................................................................................................................. 188
Chapter 19: Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders ............................... 199
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Chapter 20: Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children ....................................................................... 206
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Chapter 21: Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation ..................................................................................... 213
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Chapter 22: Alterations of Hormonal Regulation ....................................................................................... 222
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Chapter 23: Obesity and Disorders of Nutrition ......................................................................................... 234
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Chapter 24: Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems ............................................................. 239
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Chapter 25: Alterations of the Female Reproductive System ..................................................................... 249
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Chapter 26: Alterations of the Male Reproductive System ........................................................................ 259
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Chapter 27: Sexually Transmitted Infections .............................................................................................. 265
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Chapter 28: Structure and Function of the Hematologic System ................................................................ 273
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Chapter 29: Alterations of Erythrocytes, Platelets, and Hemostatic Function ............................................ 283
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Chapter 30: Alterations of Leukocyte and Lymphoid Function ................................................................... 293
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Chapter 31: Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children .................................................................... 300
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Chapter 32: Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems ................................... 311
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Chapter 33: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function................................................................................... 324
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Chapter 34: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children ................................................................. 338
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Chapter 35: Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System................................................................... 346
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Chapter 36: Alterations of Pulmonary Function ......................................................................................... 356
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Chapter 37: Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children ....................................................................... 373
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Chapter 38: Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems..................................................... 381
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Chapter 39: Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function ..................................................................... 391
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Chapter 40: Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children ................................................... 401
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Chapter 41: Structure and Function of the Digestive System ..................................................................... 409
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Chapter 42: Alterations of Digestive Function............................................................................................ 421
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Chapter 43: Alterations of Digestive Function in Children .......................................................................... 432
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Chapter 44: Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System .......................................................... 441
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Chapter 45: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function ................................................................................ 453
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Chapter 46: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children............................................................... 466
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Chapter 47: Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument............................................................ 475
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Chapter 48: Alterations of the Integument in Children .............................................................................. 486
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Chapter 49: Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults ....................................... 494
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Chapter 50: Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children .................................... 502
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, Test Bank - Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children (8th)
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Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
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MULTIPLE CHOICE f
1. Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?
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a. Cells can produce proteins. f f f
b. Cells can secrete digestive enzymes. f f f f
c. Cells can take in and use nutrients. f f f f f f
d. Cells can synthesize fats. f f f
ANS: C f
In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other substances from their
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surroundings. The remaining options are not inclusive in their descriptions of cellular metabolic
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absorption.
f
PTS: f f 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering f f
2. Where is most of a cell’s genetic information, including RNA and DNA, contained?
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a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANS: C f
The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely of RNA, most of the
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cellular DNA, and the DNA-binding proteins, such as the histones, which regulate its activity.
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The mitochondria are responsible for cellular respiration and energy production.
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Ribosomes’ chief function is to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis. Lysosomes function as
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the intracellular digestive system.
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PTS: f f 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering f f
3. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using oxygen to remove
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f hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?
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a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS: B f
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
THE BIOLOGIC BASIS FOR DISEASE IN ADULTS AND CHILDREN
F F F F F F F F
8th Edition
f
Kathryn L. McCance, Sue E. Huether
f f f f f
, f 2
Contents
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology........................................................................................................................... 4
f f f
Chapter 02: Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology: Environmental Agents ...................................................... 18
f f f f f f f f
Chapter 03: The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases ......................................... 31
f f f f f f f f f f
Chapter 04: Genes and Genetic Diseases ..................................................................................................... 44
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Chapter 05: Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases ............................................................. 55
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Chapter 06: Epigenetics and Disease ........................................................................................................... 63
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Chapter 07: Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing ............................................................... 68
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Chapter 08: Adaptive Immunity ................................................................................................................... 83
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Chapter 09: Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation ............................................................................... 95
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Chapter 10: Infection ................................................................................................................................. 108
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Chapter 11: Stress and Disease .................................................................................................................. 117
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Chapter 12: Cancer Biology ........................................................................................................................ 124
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Chapter 13: Cancer Epidemiology .............................................................................................................. 137
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Chapter 14: Cancer in Children .................................................................................................................. 143
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Chapter 15: Structure and Function of the Neurologic System................................................................... 148
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Chapter 16: Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function.................................................. 159
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Chapter 17: Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function .................. 174
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Chapter 18: Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction
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.................................................................................................................................................................. 188
Chapter 19: Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders ............................... 199
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Chapter 20: Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children ....................................................................... 206
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Chapter 21: Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation ..................................................................................... 213
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Chapter 22: Alterations of Hormonal Regulation ....................................................................................... 222
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Chapter 23: Obesity and Disorders of Nutrition ......................................................................................... 234
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Chapter 24: Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems ............................................................. 239
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Chapter 25: Alterations of the Female Reproductive System ..................................................................... 249
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Chapter 26: Alterations of the Male Reproductive System ........................................................................ 259
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Chapter 27: Sexually Transmitted Infections .............................................................................................. 265
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Chapter 28: Structure and Function of the Hematologic System ................................................................ 273
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Chapter 29: Alterations of Erythrocytes, Platelets, and Hemostatic Function ............................................ 283
f f f f f f f f
, f 3
Chapter 30: Alterations of Leukocyte and Lymphoid Function ................................................................... 293
f f f f f f f
Chapter 31: Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children .................................................................... 300
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Chapter 32: Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems ................................... 311
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Chapter 33: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function................................................................................... 324
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Chapter 34: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children ................................................................. 338
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Chapter 35: Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System................................................................... 346
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Chapter 36: Alterations of Pulmonary Function ......................................................................................... 356
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Chapter 37: Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children ....................................................................... 373
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Chapter 38: Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems..................................................... 381
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Chapter 39: Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function ..................................................................... 391
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Chapter 40: Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children ................................................... 401
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Chapter 41: Structure and Function of the Digestive System ..................................................................... 409
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Chapter 42: Alterations of Digestive Function............................................................................................ 421
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Chapter 43: Alterations of Digestive Function in Children .......................................................................... 432
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Chapter 44: Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System .......................................................... 441
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Chapter 45: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function ................................................................................ 453
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Chapter 46: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children............................................................... 466
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Chapter 47: Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument............................................................ 475
f f f f f f f f
Chapter 48: Alterations of the Integument in Children .............................................................................. 486
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Chapter 49: Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults ....................................... 494
f f f f f f f f f f
Chapter 50: Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children .................................... 502
f f f f f f f f f f
, Test Bank - Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children (8th)
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f 4
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
f f f
MULTIPLE CHOICE f
1. Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?
f f f f f f f f f
a. Cells can produce proteins. f f f
b. Cells can secrete digestive enzymes. f f f f
c. Cells can take in and use nutrients. f f f f f f
d. Cells can synthesize fats. f f f
ANS: C f
In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other substances from their
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
surroundings. The remaining options are not inclusive in their descriptions of cellular metabolic
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
absorption.
f
PTS: f f 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering f f
2. Where is most of a cell’s genetic information, including RNA and DNA, contained?
f f f f f f f f f f f f
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANS: C f
The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely of RNA, most of the
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
cellular DNA, and the DNA-binding proteins, such as the histones, which regulate its activity.
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
The mitochondria are responsible for cellular respiration and energy production.
f f f f f f f f f f
Ribosomes’ chief function is to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis. Lysosomes function as
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
the intracellular digestive system.
f f f f
PTS: f f 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering f f
3. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using oxygen to remove
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
f hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?
f f f f f f f f
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS: B f
