NU 421 NCLEX Prep - Canvas
EXAM 1 With Solution
Causes of Hyperkalemia - ANSWER Fluid Volume Deficit, Renal Failure,
Acidosis, DKA, Cellular Destruction
Signs/Symptoms of Hyperkalemia - ANSWER -Peaked T waves
-Dysrhythmias
What can Hyperkalemia lead to specifically? - ANSWER Ventricular
Dysrhythmias
Treatment for Hyperkalemia - ANSWER 1. Stabilize
-calcium gluconate
2. Temporize
-insulin 10units
-D50
-Bicarb to make body more alkaline
-Albuterol to have beta cells send potassium intercellular
3. Decrease K+
-Kayexalate
-Diuretics
-Dialysis
,If a patient has a High CK level what are you concerned about? - ANSWER
-Rhabdomyolysis
-HIGH Potassium
Left Sided CHF Causes - ANSWER -CAD
-Hypertension
-Mitral Valve issues
Is preload or afterload increased with Left CHF - ANSWER Afterload
Signs/Symptoms of Left CHF - ANSWER -Crackles
-Cough
-Dyspnea
-Weight gain
Later
-Pulmonary Edema causing pink frothy sputum
-Orthopnea (cannot lay flat)
Signs/Symptoms of Right CHF - ANSWER -Peripheral Edema/Congestion
-Anasarca (Edema all over)
-JVD
-weight gain
Diagnostics of CHF - ANSWER -ProBNP
-Chest X Ray
, -Echo
Function of ProBNP Test - ANSWER -Represents LONG TERM hypervolemia
Function of doing an Echocardiograph - ANSWER -Ejection Fraction
-Values
-Ventricles
Normal Range for Ejection Fraction - ANSWER 55-70%
Heart Assessment with CHF - ANSWER S3 sound - gallop (ventricular)
S4 sound (atrial)
Beginning Treatment of CHF - ANSWER 1. Beta-Blocker
2. ACES/ARBS
3. SGLT2
4. Aldosterone Antagonist/Potassium Sparing Diuretics
Later Treatment for CHF - ANSWER -NO BB
-Look Diuretic
-Digoxin
What is a drug used for Pulmonary Hypertension? - ANSWER Sildenafil
What are the 5 big functions of the kidneys? - ANSWER
A patient has renal failure with a Hemoglobin of 7.1 What is the cause? -
ANSWER Lack of Erythropoietin
What do you immediately check for with Kidney Transplant? - ANSWER 1.
EXAM 1 With Solution
Causes of Hyperkalemia - ANSWER Fluid Volume Deficit, Renal Failure,
Acidosis, DKA, Cellular Destruction
Signs/Symptoms of Hyperkalemia - ANSWER -Peaked T waves
-Dysrhythmias
What can Hyperkalemia lead to specifically? - ANSWER Ventricular
Dysrhythmias
Treatment for Hyperkalemia - ANSWER 1. Stabilize
-calcium gluconate
2. Temporize
-insulin 10units
-D50
-Bicarb to make body more alkaline
-Albuterol to have beta cells send potassium intercellular
3. Decrease K+
-Kayexalate
-Diuretics
-Dialysis
,If a patient has a High CK level what are you concerned about? - ANSWER
-Rhabdomyolysis
-HIGH Potassium
Left Sided CHF Causes - ANSWER -CAD
-Hypertension
-Mitral Valve issues
Is preload or afterload increased with Left CHF - ANSWER Afterload
Signs/Symptoms of Left CHF - ANSWER -Crackles
-Cough
-Dyspnea
-Weight gain
Later
-Pulmonary Edema causing pink frothy sputum
-Orthopnea (cannot lay flat)
Signs/Symptoms of Right CHF - ANSWER -Peripheral Edema/Congestion
-Anasarca (Edema all over)
-JVD
-weight gain
Diagnostics of CHF - ANSWER -ProBNP
-Chest X Ray
, -Echo
Function of ProBNP Test - ANSWER -Represents LONG TERM hypervolemia
Function of doing an Echocardiograph - ANSWER -Ejection Fraction
-Values
-Ventricles
Normal Range for Ejection Fraction - ANSWER 55-70%
Heart Assessment with CHF - ANSWER S3 sound - gallop (ventricular)
S4 sound (atrial)
Beginning Treatment of CHF - ANSWER 1. Beta-Blocker
2. ACES/ARBS
3. SGLT2
4. Aldosterone Antagonist/Potassium Sparing Diuretics
Later Treatment for CHF - ANSWER -NO BB
-Look Diuretic
-Digoxin
What is a drug used for Pulmonary Hypertension? - ANSWER Sildenafil
What are the 5 big functions of the kidneys? - ANSWER
A patient has renal failure with a Hemoglobin of 7.1 What is the cause? -
ANSWER Lack of Erythropoietin
What do you immediately check for with Kidney Transplant? - ANSWER 1.
