CBCC-KA
Define: Fixed Interval Schedule - Answer- Provide a reinforcer the first time the
target behaviour occurs after an interval of N length since the last reinforcement
Define: FI - Answer- Fixed Interval Schedule
What is the difference between FR5 and VR5? - Answer- With FR5, you reinforce
every fifth event, while with VR5 you reinforce an average of every 5th event
What happens on an FI-2 minute schedule? - Answer- The behaviour is reinofrced
only when it occurs after 2 minutes have elapsed after the last reinforcement
Define: VI
Define: Variable Interval Schedule - Answer- Variable Interval Schedule
Provide a reinofrcer the first time the target behaviour occurs after an interval, with
the interval varying around an average of N lengthVariable-interval schedule with a
limited hold schedule requires only one resonsebut that response must occur at an
unpredictable period of time. A sports-relatedexample of this would be "hot-ball" in
soccer, which has a nearly 0-second hold Thisdrill involves six players to stand in a
circle and one touch the ball to another playerin the circle. The coach will randomly
blow the whistle to say the drill is over, whenthe whistle is blown, whichever player
has the ball in their possession must do oneman-maker. This is a response that
makes the players practice their one-touch passessince they do not want to be stuck
with the ball when the whistle is blown they willdish the ball off as soon as they can.
Define: FD
Define: Fixed Duration Schedule - Answer- Fixed Duration Schedule
Provide a reinforcer after the target behaviour has been performed continuously for a
period of N length
Define: VD
Define: Variable Duration Schedule - Answer- Variable duration schedule
Provide a reinforcer after the target behaviour has been performed continuously for a
period, with the period varying around an average of N length
What are the drawbacks to flooding? - Answer- The therapy is necessarily anxiety
producing and the there is little room for error
Define: Flooding - Answer- Exposure to stimuli until no response occurs
,What are you doing when you construct a hierarchy? - Answer- You are identifying
situations that arouse fear and arrange them in order from the least upsetting to the
most upsetting
Who first devised systematic desensitization? - Answer- Joseph Wolpe
Define: Desensitization Training - Answer- Any form of counter conditioning training
that reduces an inappropriate negative response to an event
Define: Conditioned Response - Answer- The response to the conditioned stimulus
following learning
Define: Counterconditioning - Answer- The use of Pavlovian conditioning to undo the
adverse effects of earlier conditioning
Define: Unconditioned Response - Answer- Any response that does not require
learning
Define: Conditioned Stimulus - Answer- Any stimulus that when paired with an
unconditioned response produces that response after learning
Define: Unconditioned Stimulus - Answer- A stimulus that elicits a response but that
does not need to be learned
Define: Sensitization Training - Answer- Any form of counterconditioning that
reduces an inappropriate positive response to an event
occurs when repeated exposure or a single exposure to a stimulus inc. the intensity
of response
ex: if you are walking down the hall right after watching a scary movie & your friend
pops out and says Boo! you will likely startle --> sensitizes other stimuli than the one
being exposed to
Define: Aversion Therapy - Answer- The application of an aversive stimulus when
paired with a stimulus that evokes an inappropriate positive response
What are the rules for counterconditioning? - Answer- 1. Define the target
behaviour2. Identify the stimuli to be paired3. Pair the appropriate stimuli4. Monitor
results
Why might changing someone else's behaviour be unethical? - Answer- It might be
dehumanizing, cruel or manipulative
What are the rules for changing behaviour ethically? - Answer- 1. Encourage the
person whose behaviour is to be changed to participate in the design of the
intervention2. Avoid aversives whenever possible3. Consider the alternatives to the
planned intervention4. Monitor the results
, What is the difference between a fixed interval and a fixed time schedule? - Answer-
With fixed time schedules, the reinforcer is delivered regardless of behaviour, while
with fixed interval schedules, the behaviour must occur after the passage of time in
order to earn the reinforcer
Define: Maintenance Training - Answer- Intervention procedures that increase the
likelihood that changes in a target behaviour will persist when the intervention is
ended
Define: Social Contract - Answer- The attempt by society to maintain high rates of
certain behaviours and low rates of other behaviours by means of cintingency
ontracts
Define: Backup Reinforcer - Answer- The reinforcement that you get in exchange for
a token in a token economy
Define: Token Economy - Answer- A form of contingency ontract usually involving a
group of people in which the reinforcers are tokens
Define: Contingency Contract - Answer- An agreement between two or more parties
about what each is to do for the other
Define: Stretching the Ration - Answer- Gradually increasing the number of times a
behaviour must be performed to qualify for reinforcement
Define: Ration Strain - Answer- A reduction in the rate of target behaviour and an
increase in emotional behaivour resulting from increases in the ratio of behaviour to
reinforcment
How can you recognize a fixed interval schedule on a cumulitive frequency graph? -
Answer- The scalloped pattern reflects the lack of effort post reinforcement and the
high degree of effort pre-reinforcement
Define: Maintenance Schedule - Answer- A reinforcment schedule that maintains a
target behaviour at a desired rate.
Define: Train sufficient exemplars - Answer- Train enough variants of the
environment or of the behaviour and the target behaviour will generalize
Define: Sequential Modification - Answer- Train and then evaluate for generalization
and retrain if necessary
Define: Train and Hope - Answer- Teaching individuals a desired skill within a
treatment session and hoping the individual will generalize the use of that skill w/out
implementation of a pre-determined plan or strategy to facilitate generalization
What are the rules for increasing generalization? - Answer- 1. Define the target
behaviour so as to include many variations.2. Make the training situations resemble
natural situations3. Monitor the target behaviour in natural settings
Define: Fixed Interval Schedule - Answer- Provide a reinforcer the first time the
target behaviour occurs after an interval of N length since the last reinforcement
Define: FI - Answer- Fixed Interval Schedule
What is the difference between FR5 and VR5? - Answer- With FR5, you reinforce
every fifth event, while with VR5 you reinforce an average of every 5th event
What happens on an FI-2 minute schedule? - Answer- The behaviour is reinofrced
only when it occurs after 2 minutes have elapsed after the last reinforcement
Define: VI
Define: Variable Interval Schedule - Answer- Variable Interval Schedule
Provide a reinofrcer the first time the target behaviour occurs after an interval, with
the interval varying around an average of N lengthVariable-interval schedule with a
limited hold schedule requires only one resonsebut that response must occur at an
unpredictable period of time. A sports-relatedexample of this would be "hot-ball" in
soccer, which has a nearly 0-second hold Thisdrill involves six players to stand in a
circle and one touch the ball to another playerin the circle. The coach will randomly
blow the whistle to say the drill is over, whenthe whistle is blown, whichever player
has the ball in their possession must do oneman-maker. This is a response that
makes the players practice their one-touch passessince they do not want to be stuck
with the ball when the whistle is blown they willdish the ball off as soon as they can.
Define: FD
Define: Fixed Duration Schedule - Answer- Fixed Duration Schedule
Provide a reinforcer after the target behaviour has been performed continuously for a
period of N length
Define: VD
Define: Variable Duration Schedule - Answer- Variable duration schedule
Provide a reinforcer after the target behaviour has been performed continuously for a
period, with the period varying around an average of N length
What are the drawbacks to flooding? - Answer- The therapy is necessarily anxiety
producing and the there is little room for error
Define: Flooding - Answer- Exposure to stimuli until no response occurs
,What are you doing when you construct a hierarchy? - Answer- You are identifying
situations that arouse fear and arrange them in order from the least upsetting to the
most upsetting
Who first devised systematic desensitization? - Answer- Joseph Wolpe
Define: Desensitization Training - Answer- Any form of counter conditioning training
that reduces an inappropriate negative response to an event
Define: Conditioned Response - Answer- The response to the conditioned stimulus
following learning
Define: Counterconditioning - Answer- The use of Pavlovian conditioning to undo the
adverse effects of earlier conditioning
Define: Unconditioned Response - Answer- Any response that does not require
learning
Define: Conditioned Stimulus - Answer- Any stimulus that when paired with an
unconditioned response produces that response after learning
Define: Unconditioned Stimulus - Answer- A stimulus that elicits a response but that
does not need to be learned
Define: Sensitization Training - Answer- Any form of counterconditioning that
reduces an inappropriate positive response to an event
occurs when repeated exposure or a single exposure to a stimulus inc. the intensity
of response
ex: if you are walking down the hall right after watching a scary movie & your friend
pops out and says Boo! you will likely startle --> sensitizes other stimuli than the one
being exposed to
Define: Aversion Therapy - Answer- The application of an aversive stimulus when
paired with a stimulus that evokes an inappropriate positive response
What are the rules for counterconditioning? - Answer- 1. Define the target
behaviour2. Identify the stimuli to be paired3. Pair the appropriate stimuli4. Monitor
results
Why might changing someone else's behaviour be unethical? - Answer- It might be
dehumanizing, cruel or manipulative
What are the rules for changing behaviour ethically? - Answer- 1. Encourage the
person whose behaviour is to be changed to participate in the design of the
intervention2. Avoid aversives whenever possible3. Consider the alternatives to the
planned intervention4. Monitor the results
, What is the difference between a fixed interval and a fixed time schedule? - Answer-
With fixed time schedules, the reinforcer is delivered regardless of behaviour, while
with fixed interval schedules, the behaviour must occur after the passage of time in
order to earn the reinforcer
Define: Maintenance Training - Answer- Intervention procedures that increase the
likelihood that changes in a target behaviour will persist when the intervention is
ended
Define: Social Contract - Answer- The attempt by society to maintain high rates of
certain behaviours and low rates of other behaviours by means of cintingency
ontracts
Define: Backup Reinforcer - Answer- The reinforcement that you get in exchange for
a token in a token economy
Define: Token Economy - Answer- A form of contingency ontract usually involving a
group of people in which the reinforcers are tokens
Define: Contingency Contract - Answer- An agreement between two or more parties
about what each is to do for the other
Define: Stretching the Ration - Answer- Gradually increasing the number of times a
behaviour must be performed to qualify for reinforcement
Define: Ration Strain - Answer- A reduction in the rate of target behaviour and an
increase in emotional behaivour resulting from increases in the ratio of behaviour to
reinforcment
How can you recognize a fixed interval schedule on a cumulitive frequency graph? -
Answer- The scalloped pattern reflects the lack of effort post reinforcement and the
high degree of effort pre-reinforcement
Define: Maintenance Schedule - Answer- A reinforcment schedule that maintains a
target behaviour at a desired rate.
Define: Train sufficient exemplars - Answer- Train enough variants of the
environment or of the behaviour and the target behaviour will generalize
Define: Sequential Modification - Answer- Train and then evaluate for generalization
and retrain if necessary
Define: Train and Hope - Answer- Teaching individuals a desired skill within a
treatment session and hoping the individual will generalize the use of that skill w/out
implementation of a pre-determined plan or strategy to facilitate generalization
What are the rules for increasing generalization? - Answer- 1. Define the target
behaviour so as to include many variations.2. Make the training situations resemble
natural situations3. Monitor the target behaviour in natural settings
