Fitzgerald Pharmacology Midterm Practice Questions with Answers
1. Employer's qual- All of the following are determined at the state level EX-
ifications for CEPT:
evaluating the Criteria for entry into advanced practice.
performance of Recognized roles and titles of APRNs.
APRNs. Certification examinations accepted for entry-level com-
petence assessment.
Employer's qualifications for evaluating the performance
of APRNs.
2. Damages The permanent and/or substantial injury resulting from an
act of malpractice is known as:
Proximate cause.
Duty.
Damages.
Maleficence.
3. Proximate Cause The plaintiff's establishment of a relationship between the
breach and the injuries is known as:
Proximate cause.
Duty to act.
Professional responsibility.
Medical error.
4. Damages require Which of the following statements regarding damages
proof of physi- and negligence is correct?
cal or emotional Damages require proof of physical or emotional harm.
harm. Negligence requires proof of physical or emotional harm.
Both damages and negligence require proof of physical
or emotional harm.
Neither damages nor negligence requires proof of physi-
cal or emotional harm.
5. Nurse Practice Which of the following is the basis for an APRN's prescrip-
Act tive authority?
Employer's policies and procedures
Nurse practice act
Pharmacy practice act
Federal Drug Administration regulations
,6. Intentional mis- Malpractice requires all of the following EXCEPT:
conduct. A relationship between the patient and the healthcare
professional.
Damages.
A breach of duty.
Intentional misconduct.
7. Consider When writing a prescription, the APRN must do all of the
whether the following
selected Identify the correct patient.
medication is Assess the patient's allergy status.
available in Consider diagnoses that affect the choice of medication.
generic form. Consider whether the selected medication is available in
generic form.
8. Legislation at the The legal scope of practice for an advanced practice
state level. registered nurse (APRN) is determined by:
Federally-guided initiatives.
The policies of the APRN's employer.
Legislation at the state level.
Nationally-recognized professional organizations.
9. Document the When prescribing an off-label drug, the APRN should:
reason for the Document the reason for the prescription.
prescription. Check with the institution's pharmacy.
Document the reasons why the drug is not approved for
the patient's condition.
Consult another healthcare professional.
10. µg According to the Institute for Safe Medication practices,
which of the following abbreviations is frequently misin-
terpreted and involved in harmful medication errors?
µg
mg
IM
b.i.d.
11. Pharmacodynam- A drug's mechanism of action is part of its:
ics Pharmacokinetics.
Therapeutic transformation.
, Pharmacodynamics.
Metabolism.
12. Pharmacokinet- The process of absorption, distribution, metabolism and
ics elimination of a drug is known as:
Therapeutic transformation.
Drug interactions study.
Pharmacokinetics.
Pharmacodynamics.
13. Determining the Which of the following would best describe a pharmaco-
effect of a spe- dynamic study?
cific medication Determining the half-life of a specific medication dose
dose in treating a Determining the effect of a specific medication dose in
disease treating a disease
Determining the Cmax of various medication doses
Determining the AUC of various medication doses
14. Maximum or Cmax is best described as:
peak concentra- Percent of dose that enters systemic circulation after
tion of a drug ob- administration of a given dosage form.
served after its A plotted curve of drug plasma concentration versus time.
administration. Biotransformation and/or excretion of oral drug by hepatic
mechanisms prior to entering GI tract.
Maximum or peak concentration of a drug observed after
its administration.
15. The oral dose When counseling a 56-year-old woman with type 2 dia-
of the medica- betes mellitus, the NP mentions which of the following
tion needed is regarding the use of semaglutide?
quite high com- Identical A1C reduction is observed with the oral or in-
pared to the in- jectable formulation
jectable for due The oral form should be taken immediately following the
to issues with GI first meal of the day
absorption. Tablets can be cut in half if a lower dose is needed
The oral dose of the medication needed is quite high
compared to the injectable for due to issues with GI
absorption.
16.
, Time to maxi- Tmax is best defined as:
mum drug level Maximum or peak concentration of a drug observed after
is observed. its administration.
The drug plasma concentration against time after a single
dose drug administration.
Time to maximum drug level is observed.
The process of passive diffusion.
17. Does the med- 7 of 10In the development, testing, and approval of a
ication appear to new medication, which of the following best describes the
have a clinical ef- question that is being asked in phase 3 testing?
fect when sub- Does the medication appear to have a clinical effect when
jected to a dou- subjected to a double-blind clinical trial?
ble-blind clinical What is the drug's PK in healthy volunteers?
trial? What are the results of post-marketing surveillance?
How does the medication work in laboratory animals?
18. Increase in Age-related changes in the elder include all of the follow-
serum albumin. ing except:
Total body water decreases.
Body weight as fat increases.
Increase in serum albumin.
Decrease in kidney weight.
19. Passive diffu- When considering the movement of drugs throughout the
sion. body, it is important to consider that the most common
form of drug absorption is via:
Active transport.
Facilitated transfer.
Passive diffusion.
Creation of a pH gradient.
20. Phase 1 The safety and pharmacokinetics of a new drug are best
determined in which phase of clinical trials?
Pre-clinical
Phase 1
Phase 2
Phase 3
21.
1. Employer's qual- All of the following are determined at the state level EX-
ifications for CEPT:
evaluating the Criteria for entry into advanced practice.
performance of Recognized roles and titles of APRNs.
APRNs. Certification examinations accepted for entry-level com-
petence assessment.
Employer's qualifications for evaluating the performance
of APRNs.
2. Damages The permanent and/or substantial injury resulting from an
act of malpractice is known as:
Proximate cause.
Duty.
Damages.
Maleficence.
3. Proximate Cause The plaintiff's establishment of a relationship between the
breach and the injuries is known as:
Proximate cause.
Duty to act.
Professional responsibility.
Medical error.
4. Damages require Which of the following statements regarding damages
proof of physi- and negligence is correct?
cal or emotional Damages require proof of physical or emotional harm.
harm. Negligence requires proof of physical or emotional harm.
Both damages and negligence require proof of physical
or emotional harm.
Neither damages nor negligence requires proof of physi-
cal or emotional harm.
5. Nurse Practice Which of the following is the basis for an APRN's prescrip-
Act tive authority?
Employer's policies and procedures
Nurse practice act
Pharmacy practice act
Federal Drug Administration regulations
,6. Intentional mis- Malpractice requires all of the following EXCEPT:
conduct. A relationship between the patient and the healthcare
professional.
Damages.
A breach of duty.
Intentional misconduct.
7. Consider When writing a prescription, the APRN must do all of the
whether the following
selected Identify the correct patient.
medication is Assess the patient's allergy status.
available in Consider diagnoses that affect the choice of medication.
generic form. Consider whether the selected medication is available in
generic form.
8. Legislation at the The legal scope of practice for an advanced practice
state level. registered nurse (APRN) is determined by:
Federally-guided initiatives.
The policies of the APRN's employer.
Legislation at the state level.
Nationally-recognized professional organizations.
9. Document the When prescribing an off-label drug, the APRN should:
reason for the Document the reason for the prescription.
prescription. Check with the institution's pharmacy.
Document the reasons why the drug is not approved for
the patient's condition.
Consult another healthcare professional.
10. µg According to the Institute for Safe Medication practices,
which of the following abbreviations is frequently misin-
terpreted and involved in harmful medication errors?
µg
mg
IM
b.i.d.
11. Pharmacodynam- A drug's mechanism of action is part of its:
ics Pharmacokinetics.
Therapeutic transformation.
, Pharmacodynamics.
Metabolism.
12. Pharmacokinet- The process of absorption, distribution, metabolism and
ics elimination of a drug is known as:
Therapeutic transformation.
Drug interactions study.
Pharmacokinetics.
Pharmacodynamics.
13. Determining the Which of the following would best describe a pharmaco-
effect of a spe- dynamic study?
cific medication Determining the half-life of a specific medication dose
dose in treating a Determining the effect of a specific medication dose in
disease treating a disease
Determining the Cmax of various medication doses
Determining the AUC of various medication doses
14. Maximum or Cmax is best described as:
peak concentra- Percent of dose that enters systemic circulation after
tion of a drug ob- administration of a given dosage form.
served after its A plotted curve of drug plasma concentration versus time.
administration. Biotransformation and/or excretion of oral drug by hepatic
mechanisms prior to entering GI tract.
Maximum or peak concentration of a drug observed after
its administration.
15. The oral dose When counseling a 56-year-old woman with type 2 dia-
of the medica- betes mellitus, the NP mentions which of the following
tion needed is regarding the use of semaglutide?
quite high com- Identical A1C reduction is observed with the oral or in-
pared to the in- jectable formulation
jectable for due The oral form should be taken immediately following the
to issues with GI first meal of the day
absorption. Tablets can be cut in half if a lower dose is needed
The oral dose of the medication needed is quite high
compared to the injectable for due to issues with GI
absorption.
16.
, Time to maxi- Tmax is best defined as:
mum drug level Maximum or peak concentration of a drug observed after
is observed. its administration.
The drug plasma concentration against time after a single
dose drug administration.
Time to maximum drug level is observed.
The process of passive diffusion.
17. Does the med- 7 of 10In the development, testing, and approval of a
ication appear to new medication, which of the following best describes the
have a clinical ef- question that is being asked in phase 3 testing?
fect when sub- Does the medication appear to have a clinical effect when
jected to a dou- subjected to a double-blind clinical trial?
ble-blind clinical What is the drug's PK in healthy volunteers?
trial? What are the results of post-marketing surveillance?
How does the medication work in laboratory animals?
18. Increase in Age-related changes in the elder include all of the follow-
serum albumin. ing except:
Total body water decreases.
Body weight as fat increases.
Increase in serum albumin.
Decrease in kidney weight.
19. Passive diffu- When considering the movement of drugs throughout the
sion. body, it is important to consider that the most common
form of drug absorption is via:
Active transport.
Facilitated transfer.
Passive diffusion.
Creation of a pH gradient.
20. Phase 1 The safety and pharmacokinetics of a new drug are best
determined in which phase of clinical trials?
Pre-clinical
Phase 1
Phase 2
Phase 3
21.
