NURP 424 Pharm Exam 1 Questions And
Accurate Answers 2024-2025
Considerations when prescribing: - Answer I: Indication
C: contraindication
P: precautions or interactions
C: cost/compliance
E: efficacy
A: adverse effects
D: dose/duration/directions
Drug approval process: Phase I - Answer Phase I: safety and safe dosage- how the drug
is tolerated at different doses- does not determine efficacy; studies the
pharmacokinetics of the drug
(After the preclinical animal testing phase)
Drug Approval Process: Phase II - Answer Phase II: determine dosage and efficacy;
determine short-term risks
Drug Approval Process: Phase III - Answer Phase III: controlled and uncontrolled
clinical trials of safety and efficacy in multiple settings; submit a new drug application
(NDA) to FDA
-Is it better than current treatment?
Drug Approval Process: Post Market - Answer Phase IV or Post market research: has no
fixed duration, further report adverse events
DEA Controlled Drug Schedules: Schedule 1 - Answer - No accepted medical use
,-No legal use permitted
- For registered research facilities only
Heroin, LSD, mescaline, peyote, marijuana*(state to state)
DEA Controlled Drug Schedules: Schedule 2 - Answer -No refills permitted (only 30 day
supply)
-No phone orders unless you have a written one within 7 days
-E-prescribe is OK
- expires in 72hrs id not filled
Narcotics, stimulants, depressants (phenobarbital, secobarbital)
DEA Controlled Drug Schedules: Schedule 3 - Answer -must be rewritten after 6 months
or five refills
-phone and fax OK
Narcotics-Percocet, hydrocodone
Stimulants- benzphetamine, chlorpheniramine, diethylpropion
Anabolic steroids, testosterone
DEA Controlled Drug Schedules: Schedule 4 - Answer -same as schedule 3, penalties for
illegal possessions are different
-low potential for abuse per DEA
pentazocine, phentermine, benzos, meprobamate
DEA Controlled Drug Schedules: Schedule 5 - Answer - same as all prescription drugs
-may be dispensed without prescription unless regulated by the state
loperamide, cough meds, pregabalin
Pharmacological Adverse Drug Reactions -most of adverse reactions
, -predictable
-dose-related
-85-90% of ADRs
(Hypotension from antihypertensives)
Adverse Drug Reactions: Idiosyncratic -unpredictable
-not dose-related
(Stevens-Johnson syndrome from lamictal or ibuprofen)
Immune-Mediated ADR: Type 1 -igE mediated, immediate type
-previously sensitize person
-hypersensitivity like atopic dermatitis, hives, angioedema or anaphylaxis
Immune-Mediated ADR: Type 2 -antibody-dependent cytotoxicity
-"autoimmune response"
- improvement with removal of drug
- HIT or hemolytic anemia, neutropenia
Immune-Mediated ADR: Type 3 - Answer -immune complex hypersensitivity (Arthus
reaction to tetanus vaccine)
-"serum sickness"
-Aggregates of antigens and IgG create insoluble immune complexes in blood vessels
which can take a week to occur and cause vasculitis
- arthralgia, fever, swollen lymph nodes, and splenomegaly
-involvement of tissue
Immune-Mediated ADR: Type 4 - Answer -cell-mediated or delayed hypersensitivity
-Generally occurs greater than 12 hours after exposure to allergen with peak response
Accurate Answers 2024-2025
Considerations when prescribing: - Answer I: Indication
C: contraindication
P: precautions or interactions
C: cost/compliance
E: efficacy
A: adverse effects
D: dose/duration/directions
Drug approval process: Phase I - Answer Phase I: safety and safe dosage- how the drug
is tolerated at different doses- does not determine efficacy; studies the
pharmacokinetics of the drug
(After the preclinical animal testing phase)
Drug Approval Process: Phase II - Answer Phase II: determine dosage and efficacy;
determine short-term risks
Drug Approval Process: Phase III - Answer Phase III: controlled and uncontrolled
clinical trials of safety and efficacy in multiple settings; submit a new drug application
(NDA) to FDA
-Is it better than current treatment?
Drug Approval Process: Post Market - Answer Phase IV or Post market research: has no
fixed duration, further report adverse events
DEA Controlled Drug Schedules: Schedule 1 - Answer - No accepted medical use
,-No legal use permitted
- For registered research facilities only
Heroin, LSD, mescaline, peyote, marijuana*(state to state)
DEA Controlled Drug Schedules: Schedule 2 - Answer -No refills permitted (only 30 day
supply)
-No phone orders unless you have a written one within 7 days
-E-prescribe is OK
- expires in 72hrs id not filled
Narcotics, stimulants, depressants (phenobarbital, secobarbital)
DEA Controlled Drug Schedules: Schedule 3 - Answer -must be rewritten after 6 months
or five refills
-phone and fax OK
Narcotics-Percocet, hydrocodone
Stimulants- benzphetamine, chlorpheniramine, diethylpropion
Anabolic steroids, testosterone
DEA Controlled Drug Schedules: Schedule 4 - Answer -same as schedule 3, penalties for
illegal possessions are different
-low potential for abuse per DEA
pentazocine, phentermine, benzos, meprobamate
DEA Controlled Drug Schedules: Schedule 5 - Answer - same as all prescription drugs
-may be dispensed without prescription unless regulated by the state
loperamide, cough meds, pregabalin
Pharmacological Adverse Drug Reactions -most of adverse reactions
, -predictable
-dose-related
-85-90% of ADRs
(Hypotension from antihypertensives)
Adverse Drug Reactions: Idiosyncratic -unpredictable
-not dose-related
(Stevens-Johnson syndrome from lamictal or ibuprofen)
Immune-Mediated ADR: Type 1 -igE mediated, immediate type
-previously sensitize person
-hypersensitivity like atopic dermatitis, hives, angioedema or anaphylaxis
Immune-Mediated ADR: Type 2 -antibody-dependent cytotoxicity
-"autoimmune response"
- improvement with removal of drug
- HIT or hemolytic anemia, neutropenia
Immune-Mediated ADR: Type 3 - Answer -immune complex hypersensitivity (Arthus
reaction to tetanus vaccine)
-"serum sickness"
-Aggregates of antigens and IgG create insoluble immune complexes in blood vessels
which can take a week to occur and cause vasculitis
- arthralgia, fever, swollen lymph nodes, and splenomegaly
-involvement of tissue
Immune-Mediated ADR: Type 4 - Answer -cell-mediated or delayed hypersensitivity
-Generally occurs greater than 12 hours after exposure to allergen with peak response
