CMSRN Exam Prep Solved 2024
Alheimer's Disease (Treatment) - ANSWER-No cure, but memantine will slow
progression
Alzheimer's Disease (Causes) - ANSWER-Causes: plaques or tangles caused by tau
proteins in brain, cell die off due to lack of support, brain shrinks.
Alzheimers Disease (Diagnosis) - ANSWER-Test: thyroid or vitamin D deficiency
Imaging: MRI or CT to rule out tumors
APGAR Testing (2/1/0) - ANSWER-Appearance (Pink/Bluish/Blue)
Pulse (>100BPM/<100BPM/None)
Grimace (Cries/Minimal/None)
Activity (Flexing/Weak/None)
Respiration (Breathing/Gasping/None)
Appendicitis (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - ANSWER-Causes:
Symptoms:
Diagnosis:
Treatment:
Cholecystitis (Cause/Risks/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - ANSWER-Causes:
inflammation of gallbladder from cystic duct blockage by gallstones.
Risks: elderly, women, overweight, weight loss.
Symptoms: RUQ pain, N/V, jaundice, fever, tender gallbladder, gangrene if untreated.
Diagnosis: LFT, RUQ ultrasound (best for women to rule out pregnancy).
Treatment: antibiotics, cholecystectomy, treat asap.
Cirrhosis (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - ANSWER-Causes: Scar tissue
replaces healthy liver tissue. Lipids stored in body cells instead.
Symptoms: Abdominal pain, drowsiness, weight loss. History of Hep C.
Diagnosis:
Treatment: Antivirals (with Hep C), diuretics, beta-blockers (if cardiac affect), Zinc
supplement, liver transplant.
Crohn's Disease (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - ANSWER-Causes: IBD in
small intestine, varies severity.
Symptoms: Abdominal pain, cramping, diarrhea, bloody stool, low appetite, weight loss.
Diagnosis: CBC (rule out infection, check anemia), fecal blood test, colonoscopy (check
damage, find granulomas, inflammatory cells that trigger symptoms)
Treatment: anti-inflammatories, corticosteroids, oral 5-aminosalicylates. No cure.
Dementia (Causes/Risk) - ANSWER-Causes: ongoing destruction of neurological tissue
Risk: strokes, head injuries
, Dementia (Diagnosis) - ANSWER-Cognitive/physical exam
CT or MRI assess brain function
Ectopic Pregnancy (Causes) - ANSWER-Fertilized ovum appears in fallopian tube or
other location outside uterus. Ovum will not receive nutrients or develop.
Ectopic Pregnancy (Diagnosis) - ANSWER-CBC, BHCG, LFT's, CMP (to check if
methotrexate is OK to give)
Ectopic Pregnancy (Risks) - ANSWER-Risks: use of IUD, smoking, fallopian tube
malformation
Ectopic Pregnancy (Symptoms) - ANSWER-Symptoms: vaginal bleeding, severe pelvic
pain, excessive weakness or fatigue
Ectopic Pregnancy (Treatment) - ANSWER-Methotrexate IM (to stop pregnancy),
laparoscopy
Foreign Bodies (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - ANSWER-Causes:
Accidents. 2cm or bigger can cause blockage. Children, patients with dentures, and
psych patients at risk.
Symptoms: Depends on location.
Diagnosis: Ultrasound (faster if d/t sharp object), or X-ray.
Treatment: Pro-motility medications if safe to pass, or laparoscopic surgery if
large/sharp/dangerous.
Gastritis (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - ANSWER-Causes: inflammation
stomach lining, corticosteroid or NSAID use, excessive alcohol use.
Symptoms: abdominal pain, nausea/vomitting.
Diagnosis: symptomatic.
Treatment: antibiotics, antacids, antidiarrheals if needed.
Gastroenteritis (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - ANSWER-Causes: Norovirus,
bacteria, foreign bodies
Symptoms: N/V/D, tachycardia, weight loss.
Diagnosis: Symptomatic
Treatment: Fluid replacement, antibiotics, antidiarrheals (for fluid loss)
Gastrointestinal Bleeding (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - ANSWER-Causes:
Mallory-Weiss tear, cancer, NSAID use, history of GERD.
Symptoms: Abdominal discomfort, red bloody stools, asymptomatic.
Diagnosis: CBC, endoscope to confirm.
Treatment: Cause-based. Fluid replacement. Locating source.
Alheimer's Disease (Treatment) - ANSWER-No cure, but memantine will slow
progression
Alzheimer's Disease (Causes) - ANSWER-Causes: plaques or tangles caused by tau
proteins in brain, cell die off due to lack of support, brain shrinks.
Alzheimers Disease (Diagnosis) - ANSWER-Test: thyroid or vitamin D deficiency
Imaging: MRI or CT to rule out tumors
APGAR Testing (2/1/0) - ANSWER-Appearance (Pink/Bluish/Blue)
Pulse (>100BPM/<100BPM/None)
Grimace (Cries/Minimal/None)
Activity (Flexing/Weak/None)
Respiration (Breathing/Gasping/None)
Appendicitis (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - ANSWER-Causes:
Symptoms:
Diagnosis:
Treatment:
Cholecystitis (Cause/Risks/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - ANSWER-Causes:
inflammation of gallbladder from cystic duct blockage by gallstones.
Risks: elderly, women, overweight, weight loss.
Symptoms: RUQ pain, N/V, jaundice, fever, tender gallbladder, gangrene if untreated.
Diagnosis: LFT, RUQ ultrasound (best for women to rule out pregnancy).
Treatment: antibiotics, cholecystectomy, treat asap.
Cirrhosis (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - ANSWER-Causes: Scar tissue
replaces healthy liver tissue. Lipids stored in body cells instead.
Symptoms: Abdominal pain, drowsiness, weight loss. History of Hep C.
Diagnosis:
Treatment: Antivirals (with Hep C), diuretics, beta-blockers (if cardiac affect), Zinc
supplement, liver transplant.
Crohn's Disease (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - ANSWER-Causes: IBD in
small intestine, varies severity.
Symptoms: Abdominal pain, cramping, diarrhea, bloody stool, low appetite, weight loss.
Diagnosis: CBC (rule out infection, check anemia), fecal blood test, colonoscopy (check
damage, find granulomas, inflammatory cells that trigger symptoms)
Treatment: anti-inflammatories, corticosteroids, oral 5-aminosalicylates. No cure.
Dementia (Causes/Risk) - ANSWER-Causes: ongoing destruction of neurological tissue
Risk: strokes, head injuries
, Dementia (Diagnosis) - ANSWER-Cognitive/physical exam
CT or MRI assess brain function
Ectopic Pregnancy (Causes) - ANSWER-Fertilized ovum appears in fallopian tube or
other location outside uterus. Ovum will not receive nutrients or develop.
Ectopic Pregnancy (Diagnosis) - ANSWER-CBC, BHCG, LFT's, CMP (to check if
methotrexate is OK to give)
Ectopic Pregnancy (Risks) - ANSWER-Risks: use of IUD, smoking, fallopian tube
malformation
Ectopic Pregnancy (Symptoms) - ANSWER-Symptoms: vaginal bleeding, severe pelvic
pain, excessive weakness or fatigue
Ectopic Pregnancy (Treatment) - ANSWER-Methotrexate IM (to stop pregnancy),
laparoscopy
Foreign Bodies (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - ANSWER-Causes:
Accidents. 2cm or bigger can cause blockage. Children, patients with dentures, and
psych patients at risk.
Symptoms: Depends on location.
Diagnosis: Ultrasound (faster if d/t sharp object), or X-ray.
Treatment: Pro-motility medications if safe to pass, or laparoscopic surgery if
large/sharp/dangerous.
Gastritis (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - ANSWER-Causes: inflammation
stomach lining, corticosteroid or NSAID use, excessive alcohol use.
Symptoms: abdominal pain, nausea/vomitting.
Diagnosis: symptomatic.
Treatment: antibiotics, antacids, antidiarrheals if needed.
Gastroenteritis (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - ANSWER-Causes: Norovirus,
bacteria, foreign bodies
Symptoms: N/V/D, tachycardia, weight loss.
Diagnosis: Symptomatic
Treatment: Fluid replacement, antibiotics, antidiarrheals (for fluid loss)
Gastrointestinal Bleeding (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - ANSWER-Causes:
Mallory-Weiss tear, cancer, NSAID use, history of GERD.
Symptoms: Abdominal discomfort, red bloody stools, asymptomatic.
Diagnosis: CBC, endoscope to confirm.
Treatment: Cause-based. Fluid replacement. Locating source.
